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Isabelle Sancho 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2020 THE REVIEW OF KOREAN STUDIES Vol.23 No.1
Based on the analysis of the Hwadam jip 花潭集 and its peritexts (prefaces, postfaces, chronological biography, etc.) in particular, this study focuses on the contrasting assessments of Seo Gyeongdeok 徐敬德 (1489-1546) during the Joseon period. It analyzes why and how the followers of Seo Gyeongdeok laid out multiple strategies in the compilation of his munjip to counteract the criticisms expressed by high-profile Neo-Confucian scholar-officials, such as Yi Hwang and Yi I under Seonjo’s reign. These criticisms toward Seo Gyeongdeok’s eremitism, his approach to the Changes, and his specific way of practising Confucian learning, which had been regarded as potentially unorthodox, were all addressed in different ways by the successive compilers of the munjip between the 16th and 18th centuries. This article argues that the Hwadam jip, especially the last edition in 1787, is what may have played a major role in turning Seo Gyeongdeok into Master Hwadam, one of the most respected Confucian scholars nowadays. By mixing carefully chosen biographical elements with philosophical arguments, this most complete edition printed at the Hwagok Academy by the scholars of Gaeseong can be seen as an attempt to provide a holistic understanding of “Hwadam Learning” and trace their own lineage within the orthodox “Transmission of the Way” in the process. Seo Gyeongdeok is presented as a direct disciple of Confucius, in the manner of Yan Hui and, hence, worthy of the utmost respect and recognition. Ironically, although Seo Gyeongdeok has been duly acknowledged as a forerunner of the Neo-Confucian tradition of Joseon in modern histories of Korean Confucianism, the definition of “Hwadam Learning” as a “Learning of Mind-and-Heart” in line with the “Learning of Nature and Principle” as proposed in the final edition of the Hwadam jip is not the one that prevails today.
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Going beyond the boundaries in Confucian studies
( Isabelle Sancho ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2008 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.9
本論文的目的是在這個學界和大衆日益關心儒敎的世界化社會中, 對以后儒敎的發展方向進行討論。本主題的焦点集中在硏究的各種可能性上, 而不僅僅是作出一個學術上的結論。儒學硏究的特性、限界、方法論等方面都有過硏究, 這都是爲了討論創造知性歷史的優点而進行的。首先在東北亞21世紀的現實中對儒敎硏究進行探討之后, 對學者們所使用的哲學性和槪念性的權威進行討論。爲了尋求今后儒敎硏究的提高和發展的方向, 介紹了法國史書, 特別是Annales 學派的例子。在朝鮮16 世紀的儒敎硏究之中具體討論了方法論的困難之后, 將李栗谷所使用的詞語作爲硏究事例進行了介紹。爲了說明硏究的主要目的, 使用了受法國歷史學者影響的方法論。硏究之前儒敎學者是在哲學和歷史學的層面上理解過去儒敎的現象, 幷通過他們更好地說明現在和未來社會將會是一個更好的方式。 This essay aims at discussing the future of Confucian studies in the current context of a globalized world where a growing interest for Confucianism is shown not only in the academic field, but also in the general audience. Instead of presenting scholarly conclusions on a precise topic, it rather tends to propose some possible new perspectives of research. The characteristics, limitations and methodological problems of Confucian studies are briefly examined to discuss the interest of making intellectual history rather than a solely philosophical history. After showing that Confucian studies are a historically determined phenomenon, which features are much indebted to the context of its production in the 20th century northeast Asia, the hegemony of philosophical and notional approach that has been massively used by scholars is questioned. To find new perspectives that could enrich and develop Confucian studies in future, the example of French historiography, and especially the Annales School is presented. After a general reflection on the specific difficulties of studying the Confucianism of 16th century Chosŏn Korea, which shed light on specific and concrete methodological problems, a case study is performed on some of the vocabulary used by Yulgok Yi I. A method inspired by French historians is used to illustrate the main goal of the whole essay: studying the mentalities of past Confucian scholars could be a stimulating way to better understand the past Confucian phenomenon in its whole depth - both philosophical and historical - and then to better explain it for present and future society. [Article in Chinese]
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White spots on the mucosal surface of the duodenum in dogs with lymphocytic plasmacytic enteritis
Mercedes García-Sancho,Ángel Sainz,Alejandra Villaescusa,Antonio Rodríguez,Fernando Rodríguez-Franco 대한수의학회 2011 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.12 No.2
Distended lacteals, described as expanded white villi in duodenum, are strongly indicative of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia. In the present study, we evaluated the significance of white spots present in the duodenal mucosa of dogs with lymphocytic plasmacytic enteritis (LPE). Fifty dogs with LPE were included in this study, and white spots were detected in the duodenal mucosa in 22 dogs during endoscopy. Hypoproteinemia was more frequent in dogs with white spots than in dogs without spots (p = 0.02). Serum protein and albumin concentration were significantly lower in LPE dogs with white spots (p = 0.038) compared to LPE dogs without white spots (p = 0.039). There was a significant correlation between white spots density and lymphatic dilatation histological scores (p = 0.023; ρ = 0.481). These results suggest that the presence of white spots in the duodenal mucosa of dogs is not a finding exclusive for intestinal lymphangiectasia. Low serum protein and albumin concentrations together with lymphatic dilatation seem to be related to the presence of white spots in the duodenal mucosa of LPE dogs.
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( Oscar Gutierrez Sancho ),( Jose Moncada Jimenez ),( Walter Salazar Rojas ),( Ellyn Robinson ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2006 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.18 No.2
Creatine supplementation has been widely used for athletes and in some studies it has been proved effective; however, there remain some moderator variables that still require meta-analysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to conduct such an analysis on the effects of creatine supplementation on biochemical, body composition, and physical performance variables. From a total of 120 experimental studies found in databases, only 55 studies (46 %) were considered appropriate and/or contained the necessary information to obtain effect sizes. Creatine supplementation produced biochemical changes, including increases in excretion parameters. Anthropometric variables, body fat percentage, and lean mass were favorably changed by creatine supplementation. Improved peak power, total work, force power, and a maximal repetition (1RM) were also found following creatine supplementation. There was an evident placebo effect in the variables meta-analyzed; however, there was a clear increase in total work beyond the placebo effect. In summary, creatine supplementation consistently showed positive biochemical, body composition, and power changes in humans.
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Fretting cracking behavior of nub of laststage blade for steam turbine
Kihyeon Kim,Sung-SanCho,Dong Hyeon Hwang 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.4
Nub-and-sleeve of last-stage blade for steam turbine is a part-span damper. The nub is vulnerable to fretting cracking since it is in contact with the sleeve under centrifugal force, and a small-amplitude oscillatory movement occurs at the nub-sleeve contact interface due to the blade vibration during operation of turbine. The present study developed a rig test that mimics fretting behavior at the nub-sleeve contact interface and reproduces fretting cracking of the nub. The rig tests reveal that fretting cracking occurs if the contact interface is in partial slip state and the tangential contact force amplitude is sufficiently large. The minimum tangential contact force amplitude for cracking increases with the normal contact force. Moreover, under the partial slip condition, the tangential contact force amplitude increases with the imposed displacement amplitude and its maximum value increases with the normal contact force.
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Evaluation of a New Workplace Protection Factor―Measuring Method for Filtering Facepiece Respirator
Sun, Chenchen,Thelen, Christoph,Sanz, Iris Sancho,Wittmann, Andreas Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2020 Safety and health at work Vol.11 No.1
Background: This study aims to assess whether the TSI PortaCount (Model 8020) is a measuring instrument comparable with the flame photometer. This would provide an indication for the suitability of the PortaCount for determining the workplace protection factor for particulate filtering facepiece respirators. Methods: The PortaCount (with and without the N95-Companion<sup>TM</sup>) was compared with a stationary flame photometer from Moores (Wallisdown) Ltd (Type 1100), which is a measuring instrument used in the procedure for determining the total inward leakage of the particulate filtering facepiece respirator in the European Standard. Penetration levels of sodium chloride aerosol through sample respirators of two brands (A and B) were determined by the two measuring systems under laboratory conditions. For each brand, thirty-six measurements were conducted. The samples were split into groups according to their protection level, conditioning before testing, and aerosol concentration. The relationship between the gauged data from two measuring systems was determined. In addition, the particle size distribution inside the respirator and outside the respirator was documented. Linear regression analysis was used to calculate the association between the PortaCount (with and without the N95-Companion<sup>TM</sup>) and the flame photometer. Results: A linear relationship was found between the raw data scaled with the PortaCount (without N95-Companion<sup>TM</sup>) and the data detected by the flame photometer (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9704) under all test conditions. The distribution of particle size was found to be the same inside and outside the respirator in almost all cases. Conclusion: Based on the obtained data, the PortaCount may be applicable for the determination of workplace protection factor.
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