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Current Understanding and Future Perspectives of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome
Tomohiro Ueda,Philip M. Hanno,Ryoichi Saito,Jane M. Meijlink,Naoki Yoshimura 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2021 International Neurourology Journal Vol.25 No.2
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic disease characterized by suprapubic pain and lower urinary tract symptoms. Perhaps because of the heterogeneous nature of this disease and its multifactorial etiology, clinical trials in allinclusive populations of IC/BPS patients without phenotyping in the last decade have mainly failed to discover new therapeutic modalities of IC/BPS. Thus, phenotyping IC/BPS, aimed at identifying bladder-centric and/or bladder-beyond pathologies, including cystoscopic observation of Hunner or non-Hunner lesions of the bladder mucosa, is particularly important for the future of IC/BPS management. Based on recent discussions at international conferences, including the International Consultation on IC, Japan, it has been proposed that Hunner-lesion IC should be separated from other non-Hunner IC/BPS because of its distinct inflammatory profiles and epithelial denudation compared with non-Hunner IC/BPS. However, there are still no standard criteria for the diagnosis of Hunner lesions other than typical lesions, while conventional cystoscopic observations may miss atypical or small Hunner lesions. Furthermore, diagnosis of the bladder-centric phenotype of IC/BPS requires confirmation that identified mucosal lesions are truly a cause of bladder pain in IC/BPS patients. This review article discusses the current status of IC/BPS pathophysiology and diagnosis, as well as future directions of the proper diagnosis of bladder-centric IC/BPS, in which pathophysiological mechanisms other than those in inflammatory pathways, such as angiogenic and immunogenic abnormalities, could also be involved in both Hunner-lesion IC and non-Hunner IC/BPS. It is hoped that this new paradigm in the pathophysiological evaluation and diagnosis of IC/BPS could lead to pathology-based phenotyping and new treatments for this heterogeneous disease.
Möbius Antiaromatic Bisphosphorus Complexes of [30]Hexaphyrins
Higashino, Tomohiro,Lim, Jong Min,Miura, Takahiro,Saito, Shohei,Shin, Jae-Yoon,Kim, Dongho,Osuka, Atsuhiro WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Angewandte Chemie Vol.49 No.29
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Aromaticity with a twist: The reversal of Möbius aromaticity occurs by changing the number of π electrons between [4n+2] and [4n] in monophosphorus complexes of [28]hexaphyrins and bisphosphorus complexes of [30]hexaphyrins. The 30π Möbius antiaromatic bisphosporus[30]hexaphyrins (see picture) were determined to be the first structurally characterized Möbius antiaromatic systems, which are rigid, neutral, and stable. <img src='wiley_img_2010/14337851-2010-49-29-ANIE201001765-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/14337851-2010-49-29-ANIE201001765-content'> </P>
Möbius Antiaromatic Bisphosphorus Complexes of [30]Hexaphyrins
Higashino, Tomohiro,Lim, Jong Min,Miura, Takahiro,Saito, Shohei,Shin, Jae-Yoon,Kim, Dongho,Osuka, Atsuhiro WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Angewandte Chemie Vol.122 No.29
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Aromatizität mit Dreh: Die Umkehr von Möbius-Aromatizität wurde in Mono-Phosphorkomplexen von [28]Hexaphyrinen und Bis-Phosphorkomplexen von [30]Hexaphyrinen durch eine Änderung der Anzahl der π-Elektronen zwischen [4n+2]π und [4n]π nachgewiesen. Bis-Phosphor[30]hexaphyrine (siehe Bild) sind die ersten strukturell charakterisierten Möbius-antiaromatischen Systeme, die formtreu, neutral und stabil sind. <img src='wiley_img_2010/00448249-2010-122-29-ANGE201001765-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/00448249-2010-122-29-ANGE201001765-content'> </P>
Gastric Adenocarcinoma with Thymic Metastasis after Curative Resection: A Case Report
Matsunaga, Tomoyuki,Saito, Hiroaki,Miyatani, Kozo,Takaya, Seigo,Fukumoto, Yoji,Osaki, Tomohiro,Ikeguchi, Masahide The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2014 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.14 No.3
The peritoneum is the most frequent site of recurrence for gastric cancer after gastrectomy, followed by the liver and lymph nodes. In contrast, metastasis to the thymus is rare. Annual surveillance with computed tomography was performed on a 67-year-old man who previously underwent a distal gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection for gastric cancer at Tottori University. Five years after the initial operation, an anterior mediastinal tumor was detected by computed tomography. The patient underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery to remove the tumor. Histopathology revealed adenocarcinoma cells similar to those of the gastric cancer resected 5 years previously. Thymic metastasis was considered likely based on the location of the tumor. The recognition that gastric cancer can metastasize to unusual anatomic locations, such as the thymus, can facilitate an accurate, prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Gastric Adenocarcinoma with Thymic Metastasis after Curative Resection: A Case Report
Tomoyuki Matsunaga,Hiroaki Saito,Kozo Miyatani,Seigo Takaya,Yoji Fukumoto,Tomohiro Osaki,Masahide Ikeguchi 대한위암학회 2014 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.14 No.3
The peritoneum is the most frequent site of recurrence for gastric cancer after gastrectomy, followed by the liver and lymph nodes. Incontrast, metastasis to the thymus is rare. Annual surveillance with computed tomography was performed on a 67-year-old man whopreviously underwent a distal gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection for gastric cancer at Tottori University. Five years after theinitial operation, an anterior mediastinal tumor was detected by computed tomography. The patient underwent video-assisted thoracicsurgery to remove the tumor. Histopathology revealed adenocarcinoma cells similar to those of the gastric cancer resected 5 years previously. Thymic metastasis was considered likely based on the location of the tumor. The recognition that gastric cancer can metastasizeto unusual anatomic locations, such as the thymus, can facilitate an accurate, prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Hiroki Tanaka,Shimpei Matsusaki,Youichirou Baba,Yoshiaki Isono,Tomohiro Sase,Hiroshi Okano,Tomonori Saito,Katsumi Mukai,Tetsuya Murata,Hiroki Taoka 대한소화기내시경학회 2018 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.51 No.2
Background/Aims: It is sometimes difficult to distinguish between malignant and benign biliary strictures using imaging studiesalone, and pathological diagnosis is necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of endoscopic transpapillary tissuesampling and factors predictive of diagnostic accuracy. Methods: From April 2008 to December 2014, 136 patients underwent endoscopic transpapillary tissue sampling for malignantbiliary strictures. The cytological and histological findings were reported as negative, suspicious, or positive. Suspicious and positivefindings were defined as pathologically positive. Results: The sensitivity was 65.0% for forceps biopsy, 49.5% for brush cytology, 46.2% for bile aspiration cytology, and 21.9% forendoscopic nasobiliary drainage cytology. The combination of these procedures improved the sensitivity (72.8%). Endoscopictranspapillary tissue sampling was more sensitive for lesions of biliary origin (91.4%) than for extrabiliary lesions (66.3%). In surgicalcases, the sensitivity for tumors with an infiltrative growth pattern (53.3%) was significantly lower than for a tumor with an expandingor intermediate growth pattern (87.5%). Conclusions: Combining procedures can improve diagnostic accuracy. It may be possible to predict the sensitivity of endoscopictranspapillary tissue sampling by evaluating the etiology and tumor growth pattern using preoperative imaging studies.