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Shigeru Tazawa,Shigeru Katayama,Masahiro Hirabayashi,Daiki Yamaguchi,Soichiro Nakamura 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.19 No.4
The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of the introduction of polysaccharide chains onto the molecular surface of buckwheat proteins on buckwheat protein surface functionality. The whole buckwheat protein fraction (WBP) was prepared using 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.5 M NaCl and covalently linked with 6 kDa, 17.5 kDa, 40 kDa, 70 kDa, or 200 kDa dextran by Maillard-type glycation through controlled dry-heating at 60℃ and 79% relative humidity for two weeks. Conjugation with 40 kDa dextran improved the water solubility and emulsifying properties of WBP without causing a serious loss of available lysine; 84.9% of the free amino groups were conserved. In addition, we found that the introduction of dextran chains onto the molecular surfaces of WBP attenuated the antigenicity of WBP.
Shigeru Satoh,Yuino Murakoshi,Ai Hojo,Keiko Chisaka,Taro Harada,Shigeru Satoh 한국식물학회 2012 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.55 No.5
Ethylene has an inhibitory effect on flowering in a short-day (SD) plant chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.). In this study, we used a hexaploid chrysanthemum ‘Sei-Marine’and found that its transgenic lines transformed with a mutated ethylene receptor gene mDGERS1(etr1-4), which conferred reduced ethylene sensitivity (J. Plant Biol. 51: 424-427, 2008), opened flowers earlier than the non-transformed control. We examined whether the accelerated flower induction in the transformant occurred through the enhanced expression of chrysanthemum genes homologous to FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), a floral inducer gene in Arabidopsis. We cloned three cDNAs for FT homologs (CmFTL1, CmFTL2, and CmFTL3) from ‘Sei-Marine’. CmFTL2 putatively encodes a non-functional gene product due to a frame shift caused by a 2 bp-deletion in the coding region. RT-PCR analysis revealed differential expression patterns of CmFTL genes in the transgenic and control lines,suggesting that these genes might be under the control of ethylene. CmFTL1/2 mRNA level was lower in a SD condition than a long-day (LD) condition. CmFTL3 mRNA accumulated abundantly under SD condition as compared with LD condition in the transgenic line. These results suggest the association of increased expression of CmFTL3gene with the accelerated flowering in the transgenic line with reduced ethylene sensitivity.
Shigeru Suzuki,Shigeru Furui,Tatsuro Kaminaga,Akiyoshi Miyazawa,Yasunari Ueno,Kumiko Konno,Sadatoshi Kuwahara,Dhruv Mehta 대한영상의학회 2009 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.10 No.3
Objective: We wanted to evaluate the performance of prospective electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated axial scans for assessing coronary stents as compared with retrospective ECG-gated helical scans. Materials and Methods: As for a vascular model of the coronary artery, a tube of approximately 2.5-mm inner diameter was adopted and as for stents, three (Bx-Velocity, Express2, and Micro Driver) different kinds of stents were inserted into the tube. Both patent and stenotic models of coronary artery were made by instillating different attenuation (396 vs. 79 Hounsfield unit [HU]) of contrast medium within the tube in tube model. The models were scanned with two types of scan methods with a simulated ECG of 60 beats per minute and using display field of views (FOVs) of 9 and 18 cm. We evaluated the in-stent stenosis visually, and we measured the attenuation values and the diameter of the patent stent lumen. Results: The visualization of the stent lumen of the vascular models was improved with using the prospective ECG-gated axial scans and a 9-cm FOV. The inner diameters of the vascular models were underestimated with mean measurement errors of -1.10 to -1.36 mm. The measurement errors were smaller with using the prospective ECG-gated axial scans (Bx-Velocity and Express2, p < 0.0001; Micro Driver, p = 0.0004) and a 9-cm FOV (all stents: p < 0.0001), as compared with the other conditions, respectively. The luminal attenuation value was overestimated in each condition. For the luminal attenuation measurement, the use of prospective ECG-gated axial scans provided less measurement error compared with the retrospective ECG-gated helical scans (all stents: p < 0.0001), and the use of a 9-cm FOV tended to decrease the measurement error. Conclusion: The visualization of coronary stents is improved by the use of prospective ECG-gated axial scans and using a small FOV with reduced blooming artifacts and increased spatial resolution. Objective: We wanted to evaluate the performance of prospective electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated axial scans for assessing coronary stents as compared with retrospective ECG-gated helical scans. Materials and Methods: As for a vascular model of the coronary artery, a tube of approximately 2.5-mm inner diameter was adopted and as for stents, three (Bx-Velocity, Express2, and Micro Driver) different kinds of stents were inserted into the tube. Both patent and stenotic models of coronary artery were made by instillating different attenuation (396 vs. 79 Hounsfield unit [HU]) of contrast medium within the tube in tube model. The models were scanned with two types of scan methods with a simulated ECG of 60 beats per minute and using display field of views (FOVs) of 9 and 18 cm. We evaluated the in-stent stenosis visually, and we measured the attenuation values and the diameter of the patent stent lumen. Results: The visualization of the stent lumen of the vascular models was improved with using the prospective ECG-gated axial scans and a 9-cm FOV. The inner diameters of the vascular models were underestimated with mean measurement errors of -1.10 to -1.36 mm. The measurement errors were smaller with using the prospective ECG-gated axial scans (Bx-Velocity and Express2, p < 0.0001; Micro Driver, p = 0.0004) and a 9-cm FOV (all stents: p < 0.0001), as compared with the other conditions, respectively. The luminal attenuation value was overestimated in each condition. For the luminal attenuation measurement, the use of prospective ECG-gated axial scans provided less measurement error compared with the retrospective ECG-gated helical scans (all stents: p < 0.0001), and the use of a 9-cm FOV tended to decrease the measurement error. Conclusion: The visualization of coronary stents is improved by the use of prospective ECG-gated axial scans and using a small FOV with reduced blooming artifacts and increased spatial resolution.
Tazawa, Shigeru,Katayama, Shigeru,Hirabayashi, Masahiro,Yamaguchi, Daiki,Nakamura, Soichiro The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2014 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.19 No.4
The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of the introduction of polysaccharide chains onto the molecular surface of buckwheat proteins on buckwheat protein surface functionality. The whole buckwheat protein fraction (WBP) was prepared using 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.5) containing 0.5 M NaCl and covalently linked with 6 kDa, 17.5 kDa, 40 kDa, 70 kDa, or 200 kDa dextran by Maillard-type glycation through controlled dry-heating at $60^{\circ}C$ and 79% relative humidity for two weeks. Conjugation with 40 kDa dextran improved the water solubility and emulsifying properties of WBP without causing a serious loss of available lysine; 84.9% of the free amino groups were conserved. In addition, we found that the introduction of dextran chains onto the molecular surfaces of WBP attenuated the antigenicity of WBP.
Multi-Objective Design Exploration and its Applications
Shigeru Obayashi,Shinkyu Jeong,Koji Shimoyama,Kazuhisa Chiba,Hiroyuki Morino 한국항공우주학회 2010 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.11 No.4
Multi-objective design exploration (MODE) and its applications are reviewed as an attempt to utilize numerical simulation in aerospace engineering design. MODE reveals the structure of the design space based on trade-off information. A self-organizing map (SOM) is incorporated into MODE as a visual data mining tool for the design space. SOM divides the design space into clusters with specific design features. This article reviews existing visual data mining techniques applied to engineering problems. Then, we discuss three applications of MODE: multidisciplinary design optimization for a regional-jet wing, silent supersonic technology demonstrator and centrifugal diffusers.