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1987년 한국에서 발생한 렙토스피라병의 혈청역학적 조사
이증훈,박영수,이우곤,김석용,정선식,우준희,박성광,박경희,송영욱,김선영,기정일,최두혁,강성귀,김주완,최강원,김우열,최명식,최인학,장우현,윤성열 대한감염학회 1988 감염 Vol.20 No.3
Human leptospirosis was an unfamiliar disease in Korea until 1984 that outbreak of leptospirosis occurred among farmers and soldiers after field works for harvesting rice. During that time, Lee and Jo confirmed the first Korean cases of leptospirosis by serological test, isolation of causative agent and autopy findings. Afterward several outbreaks occurred also during autumn especially after flood in every years and some characterisitcs of leptospirosis in Korea such as clinical manifestations, serotypes and seroepidemiological features has been revealed by many investigators. Because of the major mode of transmission between rodents and human is by direct contact with leptospiral urine of rodents or contaminated soil by the urine, leptospirosis in Korea has been primarily a disease of person in occupations heavily exposed to contaminated soil or infected urine such as farmer, army and etc. Therefore it seems that leptospirosis is one of the main communicable diseases to be controlled urgently in Korea, for an agricultural people account for almost half of total Korean people. For clarifying the seroepidemiological patterns of human leptospirosis in Korea by sex, month region and main reacting serovars of L. interrogans among acute febrile disease occurred in 1987, 1,773 patient's sers with acute febrile episodes were tested by microagglutination test using 19 representative strains of leptospiral serogroup as antigen. All of those sera were collected from 10 collaborative clinics located in Kyunggi, Kangwon, Chungbuk, Chungnam, Chonbuk, Chonnam province and Seoul. The results wee summerized as follows. 1) Among 1,773 sera of patients with acute febrile episodes, 219 (12.4%) were seropositive to L. interrogans, 487(27.5%) to R. tsutsugamushi, 241(13.6%) to R.typhi and 160(90.0%) to Hantaan virus. 2) Among seropositives to L.interrogans, the male outnumbered the female, 65% and 35%. 3) For age distribution, 26.9% of seropositives to L.interrogans were fifties, 19.6% were forties, 9.1% were sixties, 5.9% were thirties and 4.1% were twenties. 4) Eighty three percent of seropositives had occurred between September and October in 1987 with a peak in September. 5) Main leptospiral serovars reactive to patient's sera were Icterohaemorrhagiae(54.3%), Canicola(31.0%), CH-48(13.2%), Tarassovi(0.9%)and Cynopteri(0.5%). 6) For regional distribution, 65.8% of seropositives to L.interrogans were residents from Chonbuk, 12.3% were Chonnam, 7.3% were Chungnam, 5.5% were Kyunggi and 1.4% were Kangwon.
Patole, S P,Yu, Seong-Man,Shin, Dong-Wook,Kim, Ha-Jin,Han, In-Taek,Kwon, Kee-Won,Yoo, Ji-Beom Institute of Physics [etc.] 2010 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.43 No.9
<P>The effect of Al-barrier layer-mediated Fe-catalytic deactivation in vertically aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) growth was studied. The substrate surface morphology, catalytic diffusion and barrier layer oxidation were found to be dependent on the annealing temperature of the barrier layer, which ultimately affects CNT growth. The annealed barrier layer without complete oxidation was found to be suitable for top to bottom super aligned CNT arrays. The highest average CNT growth rate of up to 3.88 µm s<SUP>−1</SUP> was observed using this simple approach. Details of the analysis are also presented.</P>
1993년에 한국에서 발생한 쯔쯔가무시병의 혈청역학 조사
한명준,장우현,박경희,김익상,성승용,김익중,기선호,최명식 대한감염학회 1994 감염 Vol.26 No.2
1993년도에 발생한 쯔쯔가무시병의 발생실태를 파악하기 위하여 전국 20개 병원의 협조를 얻어 임상적으로 쯔쯔가무시병, 렙토스리파병, 발진열 및 신증후출혈열로 의심되는 급성열성환자 총 5,381명에 대한 혈청을 대상으로 R. tsutsugamushi에 대한 항체를 측정 분석하여 아래와 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1) 총 5,381예중 2,321에인 43.1%가 항체양성자였으며 남자가 49.3% 여자가 45.6%의 항 체 양성율을 보였다. 2) 40대가 전체 항체 양성자수의 23.7%를 차지하여 가장 많았으며 30대에서 60대가 전체 항체 양성자수의 72.2%를 차지하고 있었다. 3) 10월과 11월에 발생한 항체 양성자수는 전체의 87%를 차지하였다. 4) 항체 양성자수의 지역별 분포를 보면 경상남도 16. 9.0%, 경상북도 16.57%로 가장 많게 나타났으며 지역에 따라 항체 양성자 발생수의 차이는 있으나 우리나라 전지역에서 관찰되었다. To understand the seroepidemiological patterns of scrub typhus in Korea, 5,381 patients sera with acute febrile episodes from 20 local hospitals were tested for the antibody to Rickettsia tsutsugamushi (R. tsutsugamushi), by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique from January to December in 1993. The results were summarized as follows. 1) Out of 5,381 patients, 2,231(43.1%) patients showed positive reaction to R. tsutsugamushi and the female outnumbered the male slightly. 2) Among seropositives to R. tsutsugamushi, the age of the fourties were 23.7%, and between the thirties and sixties of the age were 72.2%. 3) Scrub typhus seemed to occur throughout the country in Korea. 4) Scrub typhus was the most prevalent in October and November.
Wang, F.,Kim, H.J.,Park, S.,Kee, C.D.,Kim, S.J.,Oh, I.K. Elsevier Applied Science Publishers 2016 Composites science and technology Vol.128 No.-
We report a bendable and flexible supercapacitor based on polypyrrole-coated core-shell bacterial cellulose composite networks. As an initial step, gel-type bacterial cellulose was transformed into individually ultrathin bacterial cellulose nanofibers (TOBC) with diameters of 3-5 nm, by using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpylperidine-l-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation and successive mild disintegration in water. And, PPy-TOBC core-shell nanofiber network electrodes were synthesized in situ by oxidative polymerization of pyrrole with iron (III) chloride on the TOBC nanofibers in aqueous medium. The PPy-TOBC core-shell nanofiber network electrode exhibited a high porosity (101 m<SUP>2</SUP>/g) and high conductivity (~6.63 S/cm) due to the homogenous coating of PPy nanoparticles on the TOBC nanofiber network. The as-prepared PPy-TOBC supercapacitor cell, fabricated with PVDF-EMIMBF<SUB>4</SUB> (1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) polymer electrolyte, showed a specific capacitance of 153 F/g and energy density of 21.22 Wh/kg at the current density of 0.2 A/g. Moreover, the PPy-TOBC supercapacitor exhibited an exceptionally good cyclic stability with ~93% capacitance retention after 100 cycles; it also showed good bending stability due to the mechanical failure tolerance of the nanofiber-networked electrodes. The present approach is a versatile, inexpensive, and promising way to develop the cellulose-based nanofiber network electrodes for practical energy storage applications.