Augmenter of Liver Regeneration Alleviates Renal Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Injury by Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Long, Rui-ting,Peng, Jun-bo,Huang, Li-li,Jiang, Gui-ping,Liao, Yue-juan,Sun, Hang,Hu, Yu-dong,Liao, Xiao-hui Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.12

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that constantly undergo fission and fusion processes that closely related to their function. Disruption of mitochondrial dynamics has been demonstrated in acute kidney injury (AKI), which could eventually result in cell injury and death. Previously, we reported that augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) alleviates renal tubular epithelial cell injury. Here, we gained further insights into whether the renoprotective roles of ALR are associated with mitochondrial dynamics. Changes in mitochondrial dynamics were examined in experimental models of renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR). In a model of hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) injury in vitro, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and mitochondrial fission process protein 1 (MTFP1), two key proteins of mitochondrial fission, were downregulated in the Lv-ALR + HR group. ALR overexpression additionally had an impact on phosphorylation of Drp1 Ser637 during AKI. The inner membrane fusion protein, Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1), was significantly increased whereas levels of outer membrane fusion proteins Mitofusin-1 and -2 (Mfn1, Mfn2) were not affected in the Lv-ALR + HR group, compared with the control group. Furthermore, the mTOR/4E-BP1 signaling pathway was highly activated in the Lv-ALR + HR group. ALR overexpression led to suppression of HR-induced apoptosis. Our collective findings indicate that ALR gene transfection alleviates mitochondrial injury, possibly through inhibiting fission and promoting fusion of the mitochondrial inner membrane, both of which contribute to reduction of HK-2 cell apoptosis. Additionally, fission processes are potentially mediated by promoting tubular cell survival through activating the mTOR/4E-BP1 signaling pathway.

Morphology-dependent Optical Properties of One-dimensional Nanostructure-arrayed Silicon

Shao-long Wu,Guo-an Cheng,Rui-ting Zheng,Xiao-ling Wu 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.63 No.6

The optical properties of one-dimensional nanostructure-arrayed silicon (1DNSASi), which wasfabricated by the metal assisted electroless chemical etching method under different conditions,were characterized in the wavelength range of 220 - 1000 nm. Whether the optical absorption ofthe 1DNSASi was enhanced relative to that of the polished Si was determined from the detailedmorphology of the 1D nanostructures. For the yellow 1DNSASi prepared at a high etchant concentrationand high temperatures, its optical absorption was relatively nice in the ultraviolet lightregion, while a gradual attenuation was shown in the visible and the near-infrared regions, and theoptical absorption was lower than that of the polished Si at wavelengths above 800 nm. When theeffects of zeroth-order reflectance and zero transmission were combined, the optical absorption ofthe black 1DNSASi prepared at a low etchant concentration and room temperature was very high(> 99%) in the wavelength range of 220 - 1030 nm and displayed a slight decrease at wavelengthsabove 1030 nm. Our results demonstrate that the optical absorption of the black 1DNSASi couldbe further improved by increasing the etching depth and exhibited its measurable maximum valuewhen the etching depth was large enough. These results indicate that the 1DNSASi may be apromising candidate for high-efficiency photovoltaic devices, high-sensitivity sensors and detectors.

Augmenter of Liver Regeneration Alleviates Renal Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Injury by Regulating Mitochondrial Dynamics in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

Xiao-hui Liao,Rui-ting Long,Jun-bo Peng,Li-li Huang,Gui-ping Jiang,Yue-juan Liao,Hang Sun,Yu-dong Hu 한국분자세포생물학회 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.12

Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that constantly undergo fission and fusion processes that closely related to their function. Disruption of mitochondrial dynamics has been demonstrated in acute kidney injury (AKI), which could eventually result in cell injury and death. Previously, we reported that augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) alleviates renal tubular epithelial cell injury. Here, we gained further insights into whether the renoprotective roles of ALR are associated with mitochondrial dynamics. Changes in mitochondrial dynamics were examined in experimental models of renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR). In a model of hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) injury in vitro, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and mitochondrial fission process protein 1 (MTFP1), two key proteins of mitochondrial fission, were downregulated in the Lv-ALR + HR group. ALR overexpression additionally had an impact on phosphorylation of Drp1 Ser637 during AKI. The inner membrane fusion protein, Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1), was significantly increased whereas levels of outer membrane fusion proteins Mitofusin-1 and -2 (Mfn1, Mfn2) were not affected in the Lv-ALR + HR group, compared with the control group. Furthermore, the mTOR/4E-BP1 signaling pathway was highly activated in the Lv-ALR + HR group. ALR overexpression led to suppression of HR-induced apoptosis. Our collective findings indicate that ALR gene transfection alleviates mitochondrial injury, possibly through inhibiting fission and promoting fusion of the mitochondrial inner membrane, both of which contribute to reduction of HK-2 cell apoptosis. Additionally, fission processes are potentially mediated by promoting tubular cell survival through activating the mTOR/4E-BP1 signaling pathway.

Fabrication and Electron Field Emission of Silicon Nanowires Synthesized by Chemical Etching

Fei Zhao,Dan-dan Zhao,Shao-long Wu,Guo-an Cheng,Rui-ting Zheng 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.55 No.6

Vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays, which were synthesized by using a Ag catalyst deposited with magnetron sputtering and an electrochemical etching process were investigated. The thickness of the Ag catalyst affects the microstructure of aligned silicon nanowire array. Vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays with more uniform morphology structures were synthesized with a catalyst thickness of 40 nm on a single crystal silicon wafer at room temperature. The electron field emission data showed a lower turn-on field for silicon nanowire arrays fabricated with the electrochemical etching process. The field enhancement factor of the silicon nanowire arrays is as high as 1637. These data indicate that electrochemical etching technology is a cheap and good method for fabricating vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays for applications in field emission devices. Vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays, which were synthesized by using a Ag catalyst deposited with magnetron sputtering and an electrochemical etching process were investigated. The thickness of the Ag catalyst affects the microstructure of aligned silicon nanowire array. Vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays with more uniform morphology structures were synthesized with a catalyst thickness of 40 nm on a single crystal silicon wafer at room temperature. The electron field emission data showed a lower turn-on field for silicon nanowire arrays fabricated with the electrochemical etching process. The field enhancement factor of the silicon nanowire arrays is as high as 1637. These data indicate that electrochemical etching technology is a cheap and good method for fabricating vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays for applications in field emission devices.

Identification of mountain-cultivated ginseng and cultivated ginseng using UPLC/oa-TOF MSE with a multivariate statistical sample-profiling strategy

Xu, Xin-fang,Cheng, Xian-long,Lin, Qing-hua,Li, Sha-sha,Jia, Zhe,Han, Ting,Lin, Rui-chao,Wang, Dan,Wei, Feng,Li, Xiang-ri The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.4

Background: Mountain-cultivated ginseng (MCG) and cultivated ginseng (CG) both belong to Panax ginseng and have similar ingredients. However, their pharmacological activities are different due to their significantly different growth environments. Methods: An ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS)-based approach was developed to distinguish MCG and CG. Multivariate statistical methods, such as principal component analysis and supervised orthogonal partial-least-squares discrimination analysis were used to select the influential components. Results: Under optimized UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS conditions, 40 ginsenosides in both MCG and CG were unambiguously identified and tentatively assigned. The results showed that the characteristic components of CG and MCG included ginsenoside Ra3/isomer, gypenoside XVII, quinquenoside R1, ginsenoside Ra7, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Ra2, ginsenoside Rs6/Rs7, malonyl ginsenoside Rc, malonyl ginsenoside Rb1, malonyl ginsenoside Rb2, palmitoleic acid, and ethyl linoleate. The malony ginsenosides are abundant in CG, but higher levels of the minor ginsenosides were detected in MCG. Conclusion: This is the first time that the differences between CG and MCG have been observed systematically at the chemical level. Our results suggested that using the identified characteristic components as chemical markers to identify different ginseng products is effective and viable.