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Study on the solid acid catalysts in biodiesel production from high acid value oil
Rizwan Sheikh,박융호,최무석,임준섭 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.4
In an effort to make use of high acid value oils for biodiesel production, various solid acid catalysts such as cesium-doped heteropoly tungstate (CsHPW), 20%TPW/ZrO2, 20%WO3/ZrO2, 20%TPW/g-Al2O3, and 20%TPW/SiO2 were prepared and evaluated. Leaching of the active species from the catalyst during actual reaction conditions was also investigated to estimate the contribution of homogeneous catalysis. CsHPW was found to be highly active and most stable among other acid catalysts and a maximum conversion of 90% was obtained at the optimum reaction conditions. Further, the recycled use of the selected catalyst was also examined.
Usama Shakeel,Murid Hussain,Rizwan Sheikh,Ashfaq Ahmed,Muhammad Shahid Nazir,Wenshu Yang,Nasir Shezad,Parveen Akhter,박영권 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.5
This study aimed at the synthesis of heterogeneous acid catalysts by incorporating 12 tungstophosphoric acid (HPW) over mesoporous silica support KIT-6 via impregnation and sol-gel methods to improve the catalytic efficiency of the esterification reaction. The catalytic activity of the KIT-6 supported catalysts was investigated for esterification of oleic acid in the presence of MeOH. Synthesized catalysts were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques. Characterization results showed the variation in porosity, roughness, presence of SiO2 and kegging structure after successful deposition of HPW over KIT-6 surface. Additionally, the textural property of synthesized catalysts was compared with highly active HPW and sulfated KIT-6. The ordered structure of mesoporous silica KIT-6 facilitated the dispersion of HPW resulting in better catalytic stability and activity. To evaluate the impact of synthesizing technique on catalytic activity and effectiveness of heterogeneous acid catalysts, loading of HPW over KIT-6 mesoporous silica was controlled between 10 to 30 wt%. Catalysts synthesized by impregnation and sol-gel methods showed the highest catalytic activity with 30- IM and 25-SG, respectively. The enhanced performance was ascribed to the improved textural property and amount of HPW, which led to higher activity, stability and reusability
전기화학 반응에 의한 염화철 폐식각액의 재생 및 구리 회수에 관한 연구
김성은(Seong-En Kim),이상린(Sang-Lin Lee),강신춘(Sin-Choon Kang),김이철(I-Cheol Kim),리즈완 셰이크(Rizwan Sheikh),박융호(Yeung-Ho Park) 한국청정기술학회 2012 청정기술 Vol.18 No.2
PCB에칭에 의해 발생한 염화철 폐식각액 중 염화철을 산화시키고 구리를 석출시키는 전기화학적 재생공정은 환경오염을 줄이면서도 부산물을 얻어내어 경제성이 크다. 그러나, 염화철 폐식각액은 철과 구리, 두 가지 금속이 함께 함유되어 있기 때문에 전해조에서 일어나는 반응이 복잡하다. 본 연구에서는 회분식 공정을 통하여 전기화학적인 염화철 산화 및 구리 석출반응의 특성을 조사하고 관련된 공정변수들의 최적 조건을 도출해내었다. 염화철의 산화는 항상 원하는 수준으로 되었으며, 탄소 음전극을 사용한 반응에서 350 mA/cm²의 전류밀도와 12 g/L의 구리 농도 조건에서, Fe<SUP>2+</SUP>이온의 비율이 높을수록 구리 석출 효율이 높았다. 또한, 도출해낸 최적 조건을 바탕으로 Bench 장치 연속운전을 통해서 scale-up 가능성을 확인하였다. Electrochemical regeneration of the iron chloride waste solution from PCB etching reduces environmental contamination and produces copper as by-product, so the economic feasibility is high. But iron chloride waste solution contains iron and copper and the reactions occurring in the electrolytic cell are complicated. In this work, the oxidation of iron chloride and copper deposition were examined through batch electrolysis and the optimum conditions of the process parameters were found. The oxidation of ferrous chloride was achieved easily to the desired level. The copper deposition efficiency was high in the reaction using the carbon cathode when the copper density was 12 g/L with the electric current density of 350 mA /cm², and the ratio of the Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> ion was high. In addition, the possibility of the scale-up was confirmed in continuous operation of bench reactor using the optimum conditions obtained.