The enigma of rare Quaternary oolites in the Indian and Pacific Oceans: A result of global oceanographic physicochemical conditions or a sampling bias?

Gallagher, S.J.,Reuning, L.,Himmler, T.,Henderiks, J.,De Vleeschouwer, D.,Groeneveld, J.,Rastegar Lari, A.,Fulthorpe, C.S.,Bogus, K.,Renema, W.,McGregor, H.V.,Kominz, M.A.,Auer, G.,Baranwal, S.,Casta& Elsevier 2018 Quaternary science reviews Vol.200 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Marine ooids are iconic indicators of shallow seawater carbonate saturation state, and their formation has traditionally been ascribed to physicochemical processes. The Indo-Pacific stands out as a region devoid of oolites, particularly during the Quaternary: the “ooid enigma”. Here we present results from recent coring by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP Expedition 356) off west Australia that shows that ooid horizons are common in Pleistocene strata up to 730,000 years old. Extensive “ooid factories” were created due to the presence of long-lived tidally influenced flat–topped tropical platforms suitable for intermittent ooid accretion over hundreds to thousands of years during highstands and times of lower sea level. This work suggests marine ooids may actually be more common in Indo-Pacific than previously reported. Past global ocean alkalinity was elevated during Pleistocene glacial periods and continental climate was generally more arid in the Indo-Pacific region compared to interglacials and the Holocene. Therefore, increased aridity associated with higher alkalinity conditions during the glacials facilitated ooid precipitation on adjacent tropical carbonate platforms particularly offshore from arid Australia. This confluence of factors suggests that more “ooid factories” may be encountered by further coring Indo-Pacific regions with Pleistocene flat long-lived carbonate shelves. However, Indo-Pacific Quaternary ooid occurrences outside Australia are rare, suggesting that the Northwest Shelf may be a unique archive of this non-skeletal precipitate. Further investigations into the petrography and geochemistry of pre-Holocene ooid occurrences will provide insights into their origin and the relative role of biotic, physicochemical and other factors in their formation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Oolites are rare in the Indo-Pacific, particularly during the Quaternary: the “ooid enigma”. </LI> <LI> IODP Expedition 356 off west Australia cored common ooid horizons in strata up to 730,000 years old. </LI> <LI> Extensive “ooid factories” were deposited on tidally influenced flat–topped tropical platforms. </LI> <LI> Oolites were deposited during low and high sea levels in generally arid conditions. </LI> <LI> More “ooid factories” may be found by coring regions with flat long-lived carbonate shelves. </LI> </UL> </P>

Indonesian Throughflow drove Australian climate from humid Pliocene to arid Pleistocene : ITF Drove Australian Climate

Christensen, Beth A.,Renema, Willem,Henderiks, Jorijntje,De Vleeschouwer, David,Groeneveld, Jeroen,Castañ,eda, Isla S.,Reuning, Lars,Bogus, Kara,Auer, Gerald,Ishiwa, Takeshige,McHugh, Cecilia M. American Geophysical Union 2017 Geophysical Research Letters Vol. No.

The Rapid Drug Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by GenoType<SUB>®</SUB> MTBDRplus in Contaminated Specimen

Reun Heo,Yoon-Sik Kim 대한의생명과학회 2013 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.19 No.4

There are several methods currently being used to diagnose tuberculosis in patients, such as smear, PCR, tuberculosis culture and X-ray. For a proper medical treatment, antimicrobial susceptibility test and rapid drug susceptibility testing have been operated. Tuberculosis bacilli usually need 3~8 weeks of culture period because of delay in RNA synthesis and require 15~22 hours for generation. After a germ raises in culture, we initiated antimicrobial susceptibility test for a proper treatment. It has some difficulties to give a proper prescription for a tuberculosis patient because antimicrobial susceptibility test requires 4 weeks. To supplement this, we are practicing drug susceptibility testing which allow us to know the sensibility of RMP and INH after 2 or 3 days. But this is only possible when more than 2 positive germ. Therefore, we should practice rapid drug susceptibility testing with culture test. But if media is contaminated by other germs except Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it"s hard to interpret result about culture test and to practice antimicrobial susceptibility test and rapid drug susceptibility testing. Because we have to practice again smear, culture test after extracting specimen from the patient, time is consumed and proper patient treatment is postponed. To address these problems and quick patient treatment, rapid drug susceptibility testing is practiced by using GenoType® MTDRplus method. As a result of this method we detected sensibility 10 and 7 cases and resistance 0 and 3 cases using RIM and INH respectively with other 1 case toward medicals out of the total 11 test. In conclusion rapid drug susceptibility testing can be used from the contaminated specimen after elimination of contaminated source from culture and proved that it can be practiced for rapid examination of a tuberculosis patient.

Application of periostin peptide-decorated self-assembled protein cage nanoparticles for therapeutic angiogenesis

( Ba Reun Kim ),( Jung Won Yoon ),( Hyukjun Choi ),( Dasol Kim ),( Sebyung Kang ),( Jae Ho Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 2022 BMB Reports Vol.55 No.4

Peptides are gaining substantial attention as therapeutics for human diseases. However, they have limitations such as low bioavailability and poor pharmacokinetics. Periostin, a matricellular protein, can stimulate the repair of ischemic tissues by promoting angiogenesis. We have previously reported that a novel angiogenic peptide (amino acids 142-151) is responsible for the pro-angiogenic activity of periostin. To improve the in vivo delivery efficiency of periostin peptide (PP), we used proteins self-assembled into a hollow cage-like structure as a drug delivery nanoplatform in the present study. The periostin peptide was genetically inserted into lumazine synthase (isolated from Aquifex aeolicus) consisting of 60 identical subunits with an icosahedral capsid architecture. The periostin peptide-bearing lumazine synthase protein cage nanoparticle with 60 periostin peptides multivalently displayed was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Next, we examined angiogenic activities of this periostin peptide-bearing lumazine synthase protein cage nanoparticle. AaLS-periostin peptide (AaLS-PP), but not AaLS, promoted migration, proliferation, and tube formation of human endothelial colony-forming cells in vitro. Intramuscular injection of PP and AaLS-PP increased blood perfusion and attenuated severe limb loss in the ischemic hindlimb. However, AaLS did not increase blood perfusion or alleviate tissue necrosis. Moreover, in vivo administration of AaLS-PP, but not AaLS, stimulated angiogenesis in the ischemic hindlimb. These results suggest that AaLS is a highly useful nanoplatform for delivering pro-angiogenic peptides such as PP. [BMB Reports 2022; 55(4): 175-180]

Experimental study for behavior of tar during biomass gasification

( Pu-reun-byul Eum ),( Yongwoon Lee ),( Changkook Ryu ),( Young-kwon Park ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2023 I-CIPEC Vol.2012 No.0

농업환경보전프로그램의 농업활동 영향 평가를 위한 물-식량-에너지-탄소-수환경 넥서스 연계 분석

윤푸른 ( Pu Reun Yoon ),최진용 ( Jin-yong Choi ),손정우 ( Jeongwoo Son ),허승오 ( Seung-oh Hur ),유승환 ( Seung-hwan Yoo ) 한국농공학회 2022 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2022 No.-

인구 증가와 경제 성장에 따라 식량 수요가 증가하고 있으며, 안정적인 식량 공급을 위하여 생산성 중심의 고투입 농법으로 농업분야의 환경부하에 대한 우려가 가중되고 있는 실정이다. 농업활동에 따른 환경부하 문제를 방지하기 위한 정책 도입의 필요성이 증대됨에 따라, 농림축산식품부에서는 2018년부터 지역단위 농업환경 관리 방안을 통해 농업환경 보전 및 개선을 위하여 농업환경보전프로그램을 시행하고 있다. 식량뿐만 아니라 중요자원인 물과 에너지 자원의 수요가 증가하고 있으며, 각 자원은 타자원에 영향을 미치고, 자원 간 관계는 외부 환경조건에 영향을 받기 때문에 이를 통합적으로 연계분석하고 정량적으로 평가할 필요가 있다. 농업환경보전프로그램의 자원 이용과 환경 진단을 위해서는 식량 자원을 생산하기 위해 투입되는 물과 에너지 자원, 이로 인해 발생하는 탄소 배출량과 수환경부하량으로 구성된 물-에너지-식량-탄소-수환경 넥서스를 구축할 필요가 있으며, 각 농업활동별 넥서스 요소 간 연계분석이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 물-에너지-식량-탄소-수환경 넥서스를 활용하여 농업환경보전프로그램과 넥서스 요소 간 시나리오에 따른 연계분석을 실시하고자 하였다. 먼저, 자원별 기초자료를 수집하였으며, 각 농업환경보전프로그램의 농업활동별 시나리오를 구축하였다. 자원 간 연계분석을 위하여 APEX 및 APEX-Paddy 모형을 활용하였으며, APEX 모형은 토양 특성, 기후, 관개방법, 작물생육 등을 고려하여 경운, 시비, 관개, 작목, 농약, 최적관리기법(BMP) 등에 따른 환경영향평가에 활용된다. 대상 지역의 물-에너지-식량-탄소-수환경 넥서스를 구성하고, 농업환경보전프로그램의 농업활동별 시나리오에 따른 농업 자원 및 탄소 배출량, 수환경 부하량을 포함한 넥서스 요소별 결과를 모의하였다. 또한 요소별 결과를 표준화하여 농업활동의 시나리오나 적용 유무별 결과를 방사형 그래프로 나타내고 비교 분석하였다. 향후에는 농업환경보전프로그램의 자원 이용과 환경 진단을 위한 평가지표를 선정하고, 넥서스 요소별 결과에 따른 평가를 실시하여 시나리오와 시뮬레이션 기반의 넥서스를 활용한 지속가능성 등을 평가하고자 한다.

국제에너지 정세변화와 소비국의 대응

비외른바스,BiOe, Reun-Ba 대한석유협회 1985 석유와 에너지 Vol.1985 No.1

전산유체역학을 사용한 반도체 검사 장비 내 챔버에서의 열전달 해석

음푸른별(Pu-Reun-Byul Eum),안지은(Ji Eun An),정세환(Se Hwan Jung),김용운(Yong Woon Kim) 대한기계학회 2015 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.열공학 No.-

A Logical Model and Data Placement Strategies for MEMS Storage Devices

KIM, Yi-Reun,WHANG, Kyu-Young,KIM, Min-Soo,SONG, Il-Yeol The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2009 IEICE transactions on information and systems Vol.92 No.11

<P>MEMS storage devices are new non-volatile secondary storages that have outstanding advantages over magnetic disks. MEMS storage devices, however, are much different from magnetic disks in the structure and access characteristics in the following ways. They have thousands of heads called <I>probe tips</I> and provide the following two major access facilities: (1) <I>flexibility</I>: freely selecting a set of probe tips for accessing data, (2) <I>parallelism</I>: simultaneously reading and writing data with the set of probe tips selected. Due to these characteristics, it is nontrivial to find data placements that fully utilize the capability of MEMS storage devices. In this paper, we propose a simple logical model called the <I>Region-Sector</I> (<I>RS</I>) model that abstracts major characteristics affecting data retrieval performance, such as flexibility and parallelism, from the physical MEMS storage model. We also suggest heuristic data placement strategies based on the RS model. To show the usability of the RS model, we derive new data placements for relational data and two-dimensional spatial data by using these strategies. Experimental results show that the proposed data placements improve the data retrieval performance by up to 4.7times for relational data and by up to 18.7times for two-dimensional spatial data of approximately 320Mbytes compared with those of existing data placements. Further, these improvements are expected to be more marked as the database size grows.</P>

COSMOS / MT : 객체 저장 시스템 COSMOS 를 위한 멀티프로세스 / 멀티쓰레드 모델의 설계 및 구현

김이른(Yi-Reun Kim),이영구(Young-Koo Lee),장지웅(Ji-Woong Chang),황규영(Kyu-Young Whang) 한국정보과학회 2001 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.28 No.1B

다수 사용자를 지원하는 프로그램에서 쓰레드의 중요성이 증가함에 따라 데이타베이스 관리 시스템의 하부구조인 객체 저장 시스템들도 쓰레드를 이용하도록 확장되고 있다. 기존의 프로세스/쓰레드 모델은 멀티프로세스/단일쓰레드 모델, 단일프로세스/멀티쓰레드 모델, 그리고 멀티프로세스/멀티쓰레드 모델로 분류할 수 있다. 이 중 멀티프로세스/멀티쓰레드 모델은 다른 모델들을 포괄할 수 있는 일반적인 형태의 구조이다. 본 논문에서는 멀티프로세스/단일쓰레드 모델로 개발된 객체 저장 시스템 COSMOS 를 멀티프로세스/멀티쓰레드 모델로 확장한 COSMOS/MT 를 설계하고 구현한다. 먼저 COSMOS 의 트랜잭션 컨텍스트를 분석하여 공유 트랜잭션 컨택스트와 비공유 트랜잭션 컨택스트로 분류한 후, 각 트랜잭션 컨텍스트의 유지방법을 제안한다. 그리고, 구현한 모델의 유용성을 보이기 위하여 TPC-A 벤치마크에 대해 성능 평가를 수행한다. 실험결과 1000 개의 클라이언트를 서비스하는 경우 COSMOS/MT 가 COSMOS 에 비하여 처리율이 최고 5배까지 향상됨을 보인다. 마지막으로, 멀티프로세스/멀티쓰래드 모델의 성능을 결정하는 중요 요소인 프로세스 당 쓰레드 개수에 따른 성능 변화에 대하여 고찰하고, 실험을 통하여 프로세스당 쓰레드 개수에 따른 시스템의 성능 변화를 보인다.