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- 저자 : Rastegar Lari, A. (검색결과 3 건)
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Abdollah Ardebili,Abdolaziz Rastegar Lari,Malihe Talebi 대한진단검사의학회 2014 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.34 No.6
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important pathogens capable of colonization in burn patients, leading to drug-resistant wound infections. This study evalu- ated the distribution of the AdeABC efflux system genes and their relationship to ciproflox- acin resistance in A. baumannii isolates collected from burn patients. Methods: A total of 68 A. baumannii clinical strains were isolated from patients hospital- ized in Motahari Burns Center in Tehran, Iran. Ciprofloxacin susceptibility was tested by the disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. PCR amplification of the adeRS-adeB drug efflux genes was performed for all resistant and susceptible isolates. To assess the role of the drug efflux pump in ciprofloxacin susceptibility, carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhy- drazone (CCCP) was used as an efflux pump inhibitor (EPI). Results: Approximately 95.6% of the Acinetobacter isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 4 to ≥128 µg/mL. The susceptibility of 86.1% of the resistant isolates increased by factors of 2 to 64 in the pres- ence of CCCP. All resistant isolates were positive for the adeRS-adeB genes, and 73.2% of them had mutations in the AdeRS regulatory system. Conclusions: The results showed that AdeABC genes are common in A. baumannii , which might be associated with ciprofloxacin non-susceptibility, as indicated by the observed link- age to the presence of the genes essential for the activity of the AdeABC, several single mutations occurring in the adeRS regulatory system, and an increase of ciprofloxacin sus- ceptibility in the presence of a CCCP EPI.
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Detection of the Efflux-Mediated Erythromycin Resistance Transposon in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Azadeh Azadegan,Malihe Talebi,Ali Ahmadi,Abdolaziz Rastegar Lari 대한진단검사의학회 2015 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.35 No.1
Background: The present analysis focuses on phenotypic and genotypic characterizations of efflux-mediated erythromycin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae due to an increase in macrolide resistance in S. pneumoniae worldwide. Methods: We investigated the prevalence of efflux-mediated erythromycin resistance and its relevant genetic elements from 186 specimens of S. pneumonia isolated from clinical and normal flora from Tehran, Iran. The presence of erythromycin resistance genes was tested by PCR with two sets of primers, specific for erm(B) and mef(A/E), and their genetic elements with tetM, xis, and int genes. Isolates were typed with the BOX PCR method and tested for resistance to six antibiotics. Results: Antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed that 100% and 47% isolates were resistant to tetracycline and erythromycin, respectively. The erythromycin and clindamycin double-disc diffusion test for macrolide-lincosamide-streptograminB (MLSB) resistance phenotype showed 74 (84%) isolates with the constitutive MLSB phenotype and the remaining with the M phenotype. BOX PCR demonstrated the presence of 7 types in pneumococci with the M phenotype. Fourteen (16%) isolates with the M phenotype harbored mef(A/E), tetM, xis, and int genes. Conclusion: The present results suggest dissemination of polyclonal groups of S. pneumoniae with the M phenotype carrying resistance genes attributed to transposon 2009.
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Gallagher, S.J.,Reuning, L.,Himmler, T.,Henderiks, J.,De Vleeschouwer, D.,Groeneveld, J.,Rastegar Lari, A.,Fulthorpe, C.S.,Bogus, K.,Renema, W.,McGregor, H.V.,Kominz, M.A.,Auer, G.,Baranwal, S.,Casta& Elsevier 2018 Quaternary science reviews Vol.200 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Marine ooids are iconic indicators of shallow seawater carbonate saturation state, and their formation has traditionally been ascribed to physicochemical processes. The Indo-Pacific stands out as a region devoid of oolites, particularly during the Quaternary: the “ooid enigma”. Here we present results from recent coring by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP Expedition 356) off west Australia that shows that ooid horizons are common in Pleistocene strata up to 730,000 years old. Extensive “ooid factories” were created due to the presence of long-lived tidally influenced flat–topped tropical platforms suitable for intermittent ooid accretion over hundreds to thousands of years during highstands and times of lower sea level. This work suggests marine ooids may actually be more common in Indo-Pacific than previously reported. Past global ocean alkalinity was elevated during Pleistocene glacial periods and continental climate was generally more arid in the Indo-Pacific region compared to interglacials and the Holocene. Therefore, increased aridity associated with higher alkalinity conditions during the glacials facilitated ooid precipitation on adjacent tropical carbonate platforms particularly offshore from arid Australia. This confluence of factors suggests that more “ooid factories” may be encountered by further coring Indo-Pacific regions with Pleistocene flat long-lived carbonate shelves. However, Indo-Pacific Quaternary ooid occurrences outside Australia are rare, suggesting that the Northwest Shelf may be a unique archive of this non-skeletal precipitate. Further investigations into the petrography and geochemistry of pre-Holocene ooid occurrences will provide insights into their origin and the relative role of biotic, physicochemical and other factors in their formation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Oolites are rare in the Indo-Pacific, particularly during the Quaternary: the “ooid enigma”. </LI> <LI> IODP Expedition 356 off west Australia cored common ooid horizons in strata up to 730,000 years old. </LI> <LI> Extensive “ooid factories” were deposited on tidally influenced flat–topped tropical platforms. </LI> <LI> Oolites were deposited during low and high sea levels in generally arid conditions. </LI> <LI> More “ooid factories” may be found by coring regions with flat long-lived carbonate shelves. </LI> </UL> </P>
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