Synthesis, Application, and Recovery of Alkali-Clearable Disperse Dyes Containing Azo Pyridone Structure

Liang Jin,Tao Qian,Ren-Liang Wang,Tao Zhu,Wei-Guo Chen,Hua Jiang,Zhi-Hua Cui 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.4

Carboxylic acid ester disperse dyes containing an azo pyridone structure have a high molar extinction coefficient,excellent washing color fastness, and simple synthetic methods. Dyes were readily synthesized through a conventional diazocoupling reaction between the reactant ethyl p-aminobenzoate and a coupling component containing an azo pyridonestructure. Subsequently, the molecular structures of the target products were characterized by FTIR, mass spectrometry,1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The synthesized dyes were used to dyepoly(ethylene terephthalate) fabric, and their washing and rubbing color fastness properties were tested and compared underdifferent post-treatment methods. Moreover, under the condition of alkali clearing, the relationships among different alkaliconcentrations and clearing effects were studied to determine the optimal alkali clearing process conditions for dyed fabrics,and the minimum alkali consumption required to obtain the best results was determined. It was found that carboxylic esterdisperse dyes containing an azo pyridone structure showed good dyeing performance and alkali-clearable properties onpolyester fibers. In addition, in hydrolyzate recovery, BaCl2 (salting out) can be used instead of acidification to recover thedye hydrolyzate, which has good environmental benefits.

Investigation of the Improved Effects of $2-Hydroxypropyl-{\beta}-Cyclodextrin$ on Solubility, Dissolution Rate, and Intestinal Absorptive Profile of Tanshinone IIA in Rats

Liang, Wang,Chenrui, Li,Jing, Ren,Xuehua, Jiang 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.8

In this paper, the effect of the chemically modified cyclodextrin [namely, $2-hydroxypropyl-{\beta}-cyclodextrin$, ($HP-{\beta}-CD$)] on the aqueous solubility, dissolution rate, and intestinal permeability of the tanshinone IIA (TS) was investigated. The corresponding inclusion complex of $TS-HP-{\beta}-CD$ at the molar ratio of 1:1 was obtained by coevaporation. The solubility of complexed TS in water at 37:t0.1 centi-degree was 17 times greater than that for the uncomplexed drug. The dissolution rate of TS was significantly increased by the complexation with $HP-{\beta}-CD$, due to its solubilizing activity. The everted intestinal sac technique in rats was used to study the absorption behavior studies of TS and this complexation through the intestinal tissues. The permeability rates of TS across the intestinal epithelial membrane were enhanced by the formation of inclusion complex with $HP-{\beta}-CD$ about 89, 97 and 82 times of the uncomplexed TS in duodenum, jejunum and ileum, respectively. It was revealed that the absorption rate-limiting step of TS might be the dissolution process. The present results indicated the potential use of $HP-{\beta}-CD$ to improve the gastrointestinal tract absorption of TS.

Statistics-based Optimization of Extracellular Polysaccharide Production from Hirsutella sinensis using a Fermentation Process and In vitro Immunomodulatory Activity

Liang He,Jun-Wen Cheng,Yan-Bin Wang,Hai-Bo Li,Hua Qian,Wei-Qi Li,Xue-Yong Ren 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.2

A 3 factor, 3 level Box-Behnken factorialdesign combined with response surface methodology wasused to optimize the fermentation process for production ofextracellular polysaccharide (EPS) from Hirsutella sinensis. The 3 independent variables were temperature (X1), initialpH (X2), and the glucose concentration (X3). Experimentaldata were fitted to a 2nd order polynomial equation usingmultiple regression. The optimal fermentation conditionsof the production of EPS were a temperature of 18.21oC,an initial pH of 5.81, and a glucose concentration of 7.39g/L. The maximum predicted EPS production of 2.41 g/Lwas close to the actual experimental EPS yield (2.42±0.038%), demonstrating the model validity. EPS from H. sinensis had a direct in vitro immuno-stimulating activityusing murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells, and stimulatedrelease of several major cytokines (IL-1β, NF-κB, TNF-α,and iNOS) in a dose-dependent manner.

Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Seismic Performance of UHPC Box Piers

Liang Ren,Zhi Fang,Rui Zhong,Kai Wang 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.2

Experimental studies and numerical simulations were carried out to assess the seismic performance of Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) box piers. The mechanical performance of the specimens under constant axial load and reversed cyclic lateral load were tested at different loading conditions (different angles between applied load and the strong direction of the column cross section which is referred as Test Angle (TA) in this study). The failure mode, hysteretic characteristics, displacement ductility, energy dissipation and stiffness degradation were discussed. A UHPC hysterical constitutive model was proposed by incorporating the UHPC constitutive model and utilizing similar hysteretic rule and integrated into OpenSees. Quasi-static analysis which accounts for the bar slippage at the foot of pier was conducted. The acceptable agreement between the numerical analysis and experimental results proofs the validity of the modeling method. Furthermore, parametric analysis was performed to investigate the effect of axial load ratio, longitudinal reinforcement ratio and TA on the ductility of UHPC box piers. The results indicated that the ductility of UHPC box piers gradually decreases with the increase of longitudinal reinforcement ratio. TA significantly affects the ductility of UHPC box piers and the ductility is the minimum if the lateral loading direction is perpendicular to the diagonal of the cross-section.

Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharides Target a Fas/Caspase Dependent Pathway to Induce Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Liang, Zengenni,Guo, Yu-Tong,Yi, You-Jin,Wang, Ren-Cai,Hu, Qiu-Long,Xiong, Xing-Yao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.9

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) extracted from Ganoderma lucidum have been shown to induce cell death in some kinds of cancer cells. This study investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effect of GLP on HCT-116 human colon cancer cells and the molecular mechanisms involved. Cell proliferation, cell migration, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and intracellular free calcium levels ($[Ca^{2+}]i$) were determined by MTT, wound-healing, LDH release and fluorescence assays, respectively. Cell apoptosis was observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. For the mechanism studies, caspase-8 activation, and Fas and caspase-3 expression were evaluated. Treatment of HCT-116 cells with various concentrations of GLP (0.625-5 mg/mL) resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability (P< 0.01). This study showed that the antitumor activity of GLP was related to cell migration inhibition, cell morphology changes, intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ elevation and LDH release. Also, increase in the levels of caspase-8 activity was involved in GLP-induced apoptosis. Western blotting indicated that Fas and caspase-3 protein expression was up-regulated after exposure to GLP. This investigation demonstrated for the first time that GLP shows prominent anticancer activities against the HCT-116 human colon cancer cell line through triggering intracellular calcium release and the death receptor pathway.

Structural State Detection Using Transmissibility and Non-negative Matrix Factorization

Tongqun Ren,Meiling Hui,Junsheng Liang,Dazhi Wang,Liang He,Yonghang Chen 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.11

Transmissibility function (TF) was used in structural state detection which examined the change of the response-only vibration characteristics. The technology of signal correlation was utilized to obtain the TF between two testing points. Multiple TFs under different states were calculated as basic TFs and formed a state matrix. Subsequently, non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) was performed for the state matrix. Then both the basic and testing TFs were projected to the feature subspace derived from NMF so as to obtain the state feature index vectors, respectively. Finally, the Euclidean distance between state feature index vectors was defined as the state indicator. The experimental results indicated that this method can achieve better detection accuracy than that using magnitude indicator. Actually, a result with 100 percent correct detection was achieved when proper rule of dimensionality reduction was selected. This method is essentially a multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM) method. It is feasible in vibration-based structural state detection in the situation where the excitation signals are unavailable or inaccessible.

Structural time-varying damage detection using synchrosqueezing wavelet transform

Jing-Liang Liu,Zuo-Cai Wang,Wei-Xin Ren,Xing-Xin Li 국제구조공학회 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.15 No.1

This paper proposed a structural time-varying damage detection method by using synchrosqueezing wavelet transform. The instantaneous frequencies of a structure with time-varying damage are first extracted using the synchrosqueezing wavelet transform. Since the proposed synchrosqueezing wavelet transform is invertible, thus each individual component can be reconstructed and the modal participation factor ratio can be extracted based on the amplitude of the analytical signals of the reconstructed individual components. Then, the new time-varying damage index is defined based on the extracted instantaneous frequencies and modal participation factor ratio. Both free and forced vibrations of a classical Duffing nonlinear system and a simply supported beam structure with abrupt and linear time-varying damage are simulated. The proposed synchrosqueezing wavelet transform method can successfully extract the instantaneous frequencies of the damaged structures under free vibration or vibration due to earthquake excitation. The results also show that the defined time-varying damage index can effectively track structural time-varying damage.

Dynamics of Bacterial Communities of Lamb Meat Packaged in Air and Vacuum Pouch during Chilled Storage

Taojun Wang,Huiyuan Guo,Hao Zhang,Fazheng Ren,Ming Zhang,Shaoyang Ge,Hailing Luo,Liang Zhao 한국축산식품학회 2019 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.39 No.2

In this study, the changes in microbial communities of lamb meat packaged in the air (plastic tray, PT) and in a vacuum pouch (VAC) were assessed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) during the storage at 4°C. For the PT lamb, the total viable count (TVC) was 107 CFU/g on Day 5, and the dominated bacteria were Pseudomonas fragi, P. fluorescens, and Acinetobacter spp. For the VAC lamb, the TVC was 107 CFU/g on Day 9, and the dominated bacteria were lactic acid bacteria, including Carnobacterium divergens, C. maltaromaticum, and Lactococcus piscium. One strain of Pseudomonas spp. also appeared in VAC lamb. The relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in VAC lamb was higher than that PT lamb, indicating a more important role of Enterobacteriaceae in spoilage for VAC lamb than that of PT lamb. The microbial compositions changed faster in the lamb stored in a PT than that stored in a VAC, and microbial community compositions of the late storage period were largely different from those of the early storage period for both the conditions. The findings of this study may guide improve the lamb hygiene and prolong the shelf life of the lamb.

Structural time-varying damage detection using synchrosqueezing wavelet transform

Liu, Jing-Liang,Wang, Zuo-Cai,Ren, Wei-Xin,Li, Xing-Xin Techno-Press 2015 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.15 No.1

This paper proposed a structural time-varying damage detection method by using synchrosqueezing wavelet transform. The instantaneous frequencies of a structure with time-varying damage are first extracted using the synchrosqueezing wavelet transform. Since the proposed synchrosqueezing wavelet transform is invertible, thus each individual component can be reconstructed and the modal participation factor ratio can be extracted based on the amplitude of the analytical signals of the reconstructed individual components. Then, the new time-varying damage index is defined based on the extracted instantaneous frequencies and modal participation factor ratio. Both free and forced vibrations of a classical Duffing nonlinear system and a simply supported beam structure with abrupt and linear time-varying damage are simulated. The proposed synchrosqueezing wavelet transform method can successfully extract the instantaneous frequencies of the damaged structures under free vibration or vibration due to earthquake excitation. The results also show that the defined time-varying damage index can effectively track structural time-varying damage.

H₂-optimal Control with Regional Pole Assignment via State Feedback

Guo-Sheng Wang,Bing Liang,Guang-Ren Duan 대한전기학회 2006 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.4 No.5

The design of H₂-optimal control with regional pole assignment via state feedback in linear time-invariant systems is investigated. The aim is to find a state feedback controller such that the closed-loop system has the desired eigenvalues lying in some desired stable regions and attenuates the disturbance between the output vector and the disturbance vector. Based on a proposed result of parametric eigenstructure assignment via state feedback in linear systems, the considered H₂-optimal control problem is changed into a minimization problem with certain constraints, and a simple and effective algorithm is proposed for this considered problem. A numerical example and its simulation results show the simplicity and effectiveness of this proposed algorithm.