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Some recent extreme wind events in New Zealand
Turner, R.,Revell, M.,Reese, S.,Moore, S.,Reid, S. Techno-Press 2012 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.15 No.2
Damaging winds, associated with a variety of weather phenomena, are frequently experienced in New Zealand. Observations and modelling of two recent extreme wind events; the Taranaki tornado outbreak of July 2007, and the Greymouth down-slope easterly wind storm of July 2008 are described in detail here. Post-event engineering damage surveys, rare for New Zealand, were done for these storms and the results are summarized here. Finally, the issue of sampling extreme wind events is raised and the need to include detailed numerical modelling analysis to understand wind gust climatologies at observing sites and extending these to wider regions is discussed.
Some recent extreme wind events in New Zealand
R. Turner,M. Revell,S. Reese,S. Moore,S. Reid 한국풍공학회 2012 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.15 No.2
Damaging winds, associated with a variety of weather phenomena, are frequently experienced in New Zealand. Observations and modelling of two recent extreme wind events; the Taranaki tornado outbreak of July 2007, and the Greymouth down-slope easterly wind storm of July 2008 are described in detail here. Post-event engineering damage surveys, rare for New Zealand, were done for these storms and the results are summarized here. Finally, the issue of sampling extreme wind events is raised and the need to include detailed numerical modelling analysis to understand wind gust climatologies at observing sites and extending these to wider regions is discussed.
Changes Observed in the 6-minute Walk Test in Response to Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation
John R. Wicks(John R. Wicks ),Grant T. Turner(Grant T. Turner ),Sharon L. Leslie(Sharon L. Leslie ),Rohan Jayasinghe(Rohan Jayasinghe ) 사피엔시아 2022 Exercise Medicine Vol.6 No.-
Objectives: The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is widely used in exercise based cardiac rehabilitation (EBCR) for assessment of functional capacity. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of structured exercise in an EBCR program on 6MWT change and to determine the significance of age, gender, body mass index (BMI), pathology and exercise attendance on influencing this outcome. Methods: Data from a single centre 6-week (twice weekly exercise and education of one-hour duration) exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program were analysed. Between 2006 and 2019, 2524 patients (males 1923, females 601, mean age 63.5 ± 11.2 years) with cardiovascular disease completed a pre and post 6MWT. Analysis included the effect of age, gender, pathology, BMI and exercise attendance on 6MWT outcome. Results: The group mean improvement in the 6MWT was 21.8% (pre 6MWT 432 ± 83, post 6MWT 527 ± 102 metres). The age-related improvement showed that both males and females achieved a post 6MWT results equivalent to the pre 6MWT result of patients two decades younger with improvement in the 6MWT unrelated to exercise attendance. Conclusions: The 6MWT provides simple safe method for assessment of functional capacity in an out-of-hospital environment being suitable for all ages. The post EBCR 6MWT results showed a group mean improvement in excess of 20% for both sexes. The decline per decade in 6MWT distance is less than 20 metres up to the sixth decade with a more marked decline from the sixth to the eighth decade, the decline being approximately 40-metres for both sexes in the eighth decade.
Electrical characterization of single GaN nanowires
Stern, E,Cheng, G,Cimpoiasu, E,Klie, R,Guthrie, S,Klemic, J,Kretzschmar, I,Steinlauf, E,Turner-Evans, D,Broomfield, E,Hyland, J,Koudelka, R,Boone, T,Young, M,Sanders, A,Munden, R,Lee, T,Routenberg, D IOP Pub 2005 Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.12
<P>In this paper a statistically significant study of 1096 individual GaN nanowire (NW) devices is presented. We have correlated the effects of changing growth parameters for hot-wall chemically-vapour-deposited (HW-CVD) NWs fabricated via the vapour–liquid–solid mechanism. We first describe an optical lithographic method for creating Ohmic contacts to NW field effect transistors with both top and bottom electrostatic gates to characterize carrier density and mobility. Multiprobe measurements show that carrier modulation occurs in the channel and is not a contact effect. We then show that NW fabrication runs with nominally identical growth parameters yield similar electrical results across sample populations of >50 devices. By systematically altering the growth parameters we were able to decrease the average carrier concentration for these as-grown GaN NWs ∼10-fold, from 2.29 × 10<SUP>20</SUP> to 2.45 × 10<SUP>19</SUP> cm<SUP>−3</SUP>, and successfully elucidate the parameters that exert the strongest influence on wire quality. Furthermore, this study shows that nitrogen vacancies, and not oxygen impurities, are the dominant intrinsic dopant in HW-CVD GaN NWs.</P>
Yue Shen,Matthew R. Zeglinski,Christopher T. Turner,Sheetal A. Raithatha,Zhenguo Wu,Valerio Russo,Cameron Oram,Sho Hiroyasu,Layla Nabai,Hongyan Zhao,Tatjana Bozin,Kathryn Westendorf,Irina Kopko,Rachel 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-
Granzyme B (GzmB) is a serine protease that has long been thought to function exclusively in lymphocyte-mediated apoptosis. In recent years, this paradigm has been revisited due to the recognition that GzmB accumulates in the extracellular milieu in many autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders, and contributes to impaired tissue remodeling due to the cleavage of extracellular matrix proteins. Knockout studies suggest that GzmB-mediated cleavage of decorin (DCN) contributes to impaired collagen fibrillogenesis and remodeling. As DCN is anti-fibrotic and contributes to reduced hypertrophic scarring, GzmB-induced DCN cleavage could play a role in wound healing following burn injury. In the present study, a novel, gel-formulated, first-in-class small-molecule inhibitor of GzmB, VTI- 1002, was assessed in a murine model of impaired, diabetic burn wound healing. VTI-1002 exhibited high specificity, potency, and target selectivity. Gel-formulated VTI-1002 was able to penetrate the stratum corneum and was retained in the skin with minimal systemic absorption. Daily topical administration of VTI-1002 gel for 30 days following thermal injury showed significantly accelerated wound closure, increased DCN protein levels, and collagen organization that was translated into significantly increased wound tensile strength compared to controls. Overall, VTI-1002 gel was well-tolerated in vivo and no adverse events were observed. Topical application of VTI-1002 represents a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of cutaneous burn wounds.
Reducing the unexpectedly high rate of injuries caused by NOTES gastrotomy creation.
Sohn, Dae Kyung,Turner, Brian G,Gee, Denise W,Willingham, Field F,Sylla, Patricia,Cizginer, Sevdenur,Konuk, Yusuf,Brugge, William R,Rattner, David W Springer International 2010 Surgical endoscopy Vol.24 No.2
<P>Despite the wide range of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) procedures reported to date using a transgastric endoscopic approach, complications associated with gastrotomy creation have not been described. This study was conducted to identify the incidence and types of complications related to gastrotomy creation with the needle knife puncture and balloon dilatation technique for NOTES access to the peritoneal cavity.</P>
Samantha E. Russell(Samantha E. Russell ),David R. Skvarc(David R. Skvarc ),Mohammadreza Mohebbi(Mohammadreza Mohebbi ),David Camfield(David Camfield ),Linda K. Byrne(Linda K. Byrne ),Alyna Turner(Aly 대한정신약물학회 2023 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.21 No.2
Objective: N -acetylcysteine (NAC) is a novel therapeutic agent with multiple mechanisms of action in the central nervous system and a favourable side effect profile. Clinical evidence indicates that adjunctive NAC may reduce the severity of depressive symptoms in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: A 12-week randomised controlled trial of 2,000 mg/day adjunctive NAC for MDD found no significant improvement at the primary endpoint (week 12) but did see improvements at the post-discontinuation interview (week 16). Within the context of patient-centered treatment, mixed-methods qualitative analysis was also included to explore factors that may determine individual responses to adjunctive NAC treatment. These data were drawn, under blinded conditions, from clinician notes recorded in the case report form. Using the DSM-5 symptom profile for MDD as the initial framework, themes were developed and explored. Frequencies were compared between placebo and NAC groups. Results: Per protocol analysis of individual themes across the six interviews revealed group differences in favour of NAC for overall depressive affect, optimism, relationships and reduced functional impairment. Conclusion: This study provides further evidence for the utility of the mixed methods approach complimenting the primary findings using traditional quantitative analyses, as well as being able to capture additional, often more subtle, evidence of individual symptom-level change that reflects improvement in functional abilities in response to NAC supplementation. The use of mixed methods to explore outcomes from psychiatric studies should be considered in future to work towards improved patient-centred care and both confirm quantitative findings and generate novel hypotheses.