A multiwavelength analysis of a collection of short-duration GRBs observed between 2012 and 2015

Pandey, S B,Hu, Y,Castro-Tirado, Ao J,Pozanenko, A S,Sá,nchez-Ramí,rez, R,Gorosabel, J,Guziy, S,Jelinek, M,Tello, J C,Jeong, S,Oates, S R,Zhang, B-B,Mazaeva, E D,Volnova, A A,Minaev, P Yu Oxford University Press 2019 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.485 No.4

<B>Abstract</B><P>We investigate the prompt emission and the afterglow properties of short-duration gamma-ray burst (sGRB) 130603B and another eight sGRB events during 2012-2015, observed by several multiwavelength facilities including the Gran Canarias Telescope 10.4 m telescope. Prompt emission high energy data of the events were obtained by INTEGRAL-SPI-ACS, Swift-BAT, and Fermi-GBM satellites. The prompt emission data by INTEGRAL in the energy range of 0.1-10 MeV for sGRB 130603B, sGRB 140606A, sGRB 140930B, sGRB 141212A, and sGRB 151228A do not show any signature of the extended emission or precursor activity and their spectral and temporal properties are similar to those seen in case of other short bursts. For sGRB 130603B, our new afterglow photometric data constrain the pre-jet-break temporal decay due to denser temporal coverage. For sGRB 130603B, the afterglow light curve, containing both our new and previously published photometric data is broadly consistent with the ISM afterglow model. Modeling of the host galaxies of sGRB 130603B and sGRB 141212A using the LePHARE software supports a scenario in which the environment of the burst is undergoing moderate star formation activity. From the inclusion of our late-time data for eight other sGRBs we are able to: place tight constraints on the non-detection of the afterglow, host galaxy, or any underlying ‘kilonova’ emission. Our late-time afterglow observations of the sGRB 170817A/GW170817 are also discussed and compared with the sub-set of sGRBs.</P>

Monocrotophos Induces the Expression of Xenobiotic Metabolizing Cytochrome P450s (CYP2C8 and CYP3A4) and Neurotoxicity in Human Brain Cells

Tripathi, V. K.,Kumar, V.,Pandey, A.,Vatsa, P.,Dhasmana, A.,Singh, R. P.,Appikonda, S. H.,Hwang, I.,Lohani, M. Humana Press 2017 Molecular Neurobiology Vol. No.

<P>Expression of various cytochrome P450s (CYPs) in mammalian brain cells is well documented. However, such studies are hampered in neural/glial cells of human origin due to nonavailability of human brain cells. To address this issue, we investigated the expression and inducibility of CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 and their responsiveness against cyclophosphamide (CPA) and organophosphorus pesticide monocrotophos (MCP), a known developmental neurotoxicant in human neural (SH-SY5Y) and glial (U373-MG) cell lines. CPA induced significant expression of CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 in both types of cells in a time-dependent manner. Neural cell line exhibited relatively higher constitutive and inducible expression of CYPs than the glial cell line. MCP exposure alone could not induce the significant expression of CYPs, whereas the cells preexposed to CPA showed a significant response to MCP. Similar to the case of CPA induced expressions, neural cells were found to be more vulnerable than glial cells. Our data indicate differential expressions of CYPs in cultured human neural and glial cell lines. The findings were synchronized with protein ligand docking studies, which showed a significant modulatory capacity of MCP by strong interaction with CYP regulators-CAR and PXR. Similarly, the known CYP inducer CPA has also shown significant high docking scores with the two studied CYP regulators. We also observed a significant induction in reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxides (LPO), micronucleus (MN), chromosomal aberration (CA), and reduction in reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase following the exposure of MCP. Moreover, the expressions of apoptotic markers such as caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, and p53 were significantly upregulated, whereas the levels of antiapoptotic marker, Bcl2, was downregulated after the exposure of MCP in both cell lines. These findings confirm the involvement of ROS-mediated oxidative stress, which subsequently triggers apoptosis pathways in both human neural (SH-SY5Y) and glial (U373-MG) cell lines following the exposure of MCP.</P>

Multi-wavelength observations of the GRB 080319B afterglow and the modeling constraints

Pandey, S.B.,Castro-Tirado, A.J.,Jelinek, M.,Kamble, A.P.,Gorosabel, J.,de Ugarte Postigo, A.,Prins, S.,Oreiro, R.,Chantry, V.,Trushkin, S. EDP Sciences 2009 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.504 No.1

On the Estimation and Control of Welding Distortion of Guide Blade Carrier for a 660 MW Turbine by Using Inherent Strain Method

A. Vishvesha, C. Pandey,M. M. Mahapatra,R. S. Mulik 한국강구조학회 2017 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.17 No.1

While predicting the welding distortion for a complex welded structure like the guide blade carrier assembly of power generation turbine, the traditional thermo-mechanical models commonly utilized for geometrically simple welded butt and T joints may not be adequate. For large and complex welded structures,the thermo-mechanical elasto-plastic analysis can be computationally prohibitive. Other than simplistic butt and T joints, the aforementioned distortion prediction technique is not so suitable to provide reliable results when applied to large complex 3-D welded structures. Hence, inherent strain method is proposed here to predict distortion in an outer ringof GBC (Guide Blade Carrier) of a steam turbine. Such welded outer rings of GBC are large welded structures having many welded joints of different weld geometries at several planes. In the present study, inherent strain based technique was utilized for the aforementioned welded structure in elastic finite element analysis for the accurate prediction of 3-D distortion patterns with reduced computational time. The predicted and measured values of 3- D distortions of GBC were observed to be in good agreement with the ones provided from the shop floor, indicating the adequacy of inherent strain based method for the prediction of welding distortion in large and complex welded structures. As part of this investigation, a suitable welding fixture was also designed and welding sequence was modified, which were verified through inherent stain method to aid in minimizing the distortion of welded GBC.

Wet Air Oxidation Pretreatment of Mixed Lignocellulosic Biomass to Enhance Enzymatic Convertibility

( A Sharma ),( A Ghosh ),( R A Pandey ),( S N Mudliar ) 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.53 No.2

The present work explores the potential of wet air oxidation (WAO) for pretreatment of mixed lignocellulosic biomass to enhance enzymatic convertibility. Rice husk and wheat straw mixture (1:1 mass ratio) was used as a model mixed lignocellulosic biomass. Post-WAO treatment, cellulose recovery in the solid fraction was in the range of 86% to 99%, accompanied by a significant increase in enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose present in the solid fraction. The highest enzymatic conversion efficiency, 63% (by weight), was achieved for the mixed biomass pretreated at 195 °C, 5 bar, 10 minutes compared to only 19% in the untreated biomass. The pretreatment under the aforesaid condition also facilitated 52% lignin removal and 67% hemicellulose solubilization. A statistical design of experiments on WAO process conditions was conducted to understand the effect of process parameters on pretreatment, and the predicted responses were found to be in close agreement with the experimental data. Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments with WAO liquid fraction as diluent showed favorable results with sugar enhancement up to 10.4 g L-1.

Diversity Assessment of Bachaur Cattle from India: A Draft Breed Still Relevant in Mechanized Era

Rekha Sharma,A. K. Pandey,S. C. P. Singh,Y. Singh,B. P. Mishra,S. R. Singh,K. G. Mandal,P. K. Singh,G. Singh,S. P. S. Ahlawat 한국유전학회 2007 Genes & Genomics Vol.29 No.3

Genetic diversity of Bachaur cattle- a draft breed of India bordering Nepal, was investigated by utilizing microsatellite markers. Forty seven random animals of the breed were typed with a set of 23 microsatellites proposed by the FAO for the biodiversities studies. All the microsatellites amplified well and exhibited polymorphism. The observed number of alleles (No) per locus varied from 3 (ILSTS011) to 13 (ILSTS034) with the mean number of alleles 6.30 ± 2.16. Our results showed that this draft breed which is still relevant in its breeding tract due to socio-economic conditions possesses sufficient genetic variability as demonstrated by the values for the expected and observed mean heterozygosity (0.694 and 0.534, respectively). Twelve microsa.tellite loci are in Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium and FIS shows higher value (0.228), suggesting heterozygote deficiency in the population. The results reflect the need for a conservation plan for this breed.

Assaying of SNM using Simultaneous Detection of Fission Neutrons and Gammas by Employing a Novel Phoswich Detector

Sonu,Mohit Tyagi,A. Kelkar,A. Sahu,M. Sonawane,P.S. Sarkar,A. Pandey,D.B. Sathe,G.D. Patra,T. Vincent,S.G. Singh,R.B. Bhatt Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.7

For the precise measurements of special nuclear materials (SNM) including Pu and Am isotopes, we have used phoswich detector combination of two single crystal scintillators of Gd₃Ga₃Al₂O₁₂:Ce and CsI:Tl. High detection efficiency and sensitivity along with high figure of merit for the discrimination of these phoswich detectors ensures the detection and discrimination of thermal neutrons and gammas from spontaneous fission of Pu and other isotopes in presence of high gamma background. Using this detector, the low energy gammas, which is stopped completely in 1mm thick disc of GGAG, can be also discriminated from high energies gamma and shows linearity in wide range of sample quantities. By changing only the appropriate shielding, the similar setup was used for thermal neutron detection and shows a very good linearity over wide range. The quantity of a test sample was also calculated accurately by using the measured calibrated plot.

Ag/TiO₂/graphene stacking for plasmonic metamaterial-based transparent semiconducting thin films

Mathpal, M.C.,Kumar, P.,Balasubramaniyan, R.,Chung, J.S.,Tripathi, A.K.,Singh, M.K.,Ahmad, M.M.,Pandey, S.N.,Agarwal, A. North-Holland 2014 Materials letters Vol.128 No.-

The fabrication of a metamaterial structure with reduced resistivity is an attractive approach to enhance optoelectronic properties of semiconducting oxide-based thin films. In this work, a graphene/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Ag plasmonic metamaterial-based semiconducting thin film with a low resistivity (resistivity ~2.4x10<SUP>-2</SUP>Ω-cm) was prepared by a simple spray pyrolysis method. The localized surface plasmon resonance at the metal-dielectric interface of silver nanoparticles was observed at 404nm) was prepartransmittance of more than 70% above wavelength of 500nm. The TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film works as an active adsorptive centre for the deposition of chemically converted graphene layers. The stacking of graphene and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> does not affect the band gap of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> but it affects the conductivity of the film.

Effect of chemical input during wet air oxidation pretreatment of rice straw in reducing biomass recalcitrance and enhancing cellulose accessibility

Amruta Morone,Tapan Chakrabarti,R. A. Pandey 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.12

The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of variable sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) loading during wet air oxidation (WAO) pretreatment of rice straw in reducing biomass recalcitrance. The research study was intended to increase the cellulose recovery, hemicellulose solubilization, lignin removal in the solid fraction and limiting the generation of inhibitors in the liquid fraction while reducing the chemical input. The operating condition of 169 oC, 4 bar, 18 min and 6.5 g/L Na2CO3 loading resulted in maximum cellulose recovery of 82.07% and hemicellulose solubilization and lignin removal of 85.43% and 65.42%, respectively, with a total phenolic content of 0.36 g/L in the liquid fraction. The crystallinity index increased from 47.69 to 51.25 along with enzymatic digestibility with an increase in Na2CO3 loading from 0 to 6.5 g/L as a result of removal of barriers for saccharification via effective cleavage of ether and ester bonds cross-linking the carbohydrates and lignin as indicated by FT-IR spectroscopy. A further increase in the Na2CO3 loading to 9.5 g/L did not significantly increase the sugar release. Thus, it was concluded that 6.5 g/L Na2CO3 during WAO is sufficient to increase the delignification and deacetylation, leading to significant changes in apparent cellulose crystallinity inter alia improvement in cellulose accessibility and digestibility of rice straw.

Microsatellite Analysis of Three Poultry Breeds of India

Pandey, A.K.,Tantia, M.S.,Kumar, Dinesh,Mishra, Bina,Chaudhary, Preeti,Vijh, R.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.11

The genetic variability of three poultry breeds namely Aseel, Miri and Nicobari taken from different geographical locations of India were evaluated using 15 microsatellite loci. No. of alleles varied from 3 to 9 in Aseel, 3 to 8 in Miri and 2 to 7 in Nicobari. Mean PIC values in Aseel, Miri and Nicobari breeds were 0.64, 0.66 and 0.63, respectively. Average unbiased heterozygosity and direct count heterozygosity were 0.65 and 0.59, 0.68 and 0.61, and 0.64 and 0.57 in Aseel, Miri and Nicobari breeds, respectively. High heterozygosity values revealed in this study are indicative of low level of inbreeding, large population size and no or low selection pressure for commercial trait in all three populations. The estimate of genetic distances using Nei's standard, Nei's minimum and Reynold's distance revealed Aseel and Nicobari to be more closely related than Miri breed of poultry.