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Recent Progress in Osteocyte Research
Paola Divieti Pajevic 대한내분비학회 2013 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.28 No.4
The last decade has seen an exponential increase in our understanding of osteocytes function and biology. These cells, once considered inert by-standers trapped into the mineralized bone, has now risen to be key regulators of skeletal metabolism, mineral homeostasis, and hematopoiesis. As tools and techniques to study osteocytes improved and expanded, it has become evident that there is more to these cells than initially thought. Osteocytes are now recognized not only as the key responders to mechanical forces but also as orchestrators of bone remodeling and mineral homeostasis. These cells are the primary source of several important proteins, such as sclerostin and fibroblast growth factor 23, that are currently target as novel therapies for bone loss (as the case for antisclerostin antibodies) or phosphate disorders. Better understanding of the intricate cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern osteocyte biology will open new avenue of research and ultimately indentify novel therapeutics to treat bone and mineral disorders. This review summarizes novel findings and discusses future avenues of research.
Paola Rampelotto Ziani,Jacson Gabriel Feiten,Jé,ferson Ferraz Goularte,Rafael Colombo,Bá,rbara Antqueviezc,Luiza Paul Gé,a,Adriane Ribeiro Rosa 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.2
Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the most disabling diseases characterized by severe humor fluctuation. It is accompanied by cognitive and functional impairment in addiction to high suicide rates. BD is often underdiagnosed and treated incorrectly because many of the reported symptoms are not exclusive to the disorder. Once the diagnosis is exclusively clinical, it is not possible to state precisely. From that, proteomic approaches were used to identify, in a large scale, all proteins involved in cellular or tissue processes. This review aggregate data from blood proteomes, by using protein association network, of subjects with BD and healthy controls to suggest dysfunctional molecular pathways involved in disease. Original articles containing proteomic analysis were searched in PubMed. Seven studies were selected and data were extracted for posterior analysis. A protein-protein interaction network was created by STRING database. A final set of proteins in this network were employed as input in ClueGO and, the main biological process was visualized using R package pathview. The analysis revealed proteins associated with many biological processes, including growth and endocrine regulation, iron transportation, protease inhibition, protection against pathogens and cholesterol transport. Moreover, pathway analysis indicated the association of uncovered proteins with two main metabolic pathways: complement system and coagulation cascade. Thus, a better understanding on the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and the identification of potential biomarker candidates are essential to improve diagnostic, prognostic and design pharmacological strategies.
Paola Lucia Minciullo,Gioacchino Calapai,Sebastiano Gangemi 대한천식알레르기학회 2014 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.6 No.5
Glatiramer acetate (GA) is a synthetic amino acid polymer, used for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The most common adverse effect of GA isa skin reaction at the injection site with a probable IgE-mediated mechanism. We report a case of a 45-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis andurticaria to interferon-β1a, who underwent a challenge test to GA. She presented itching wheals at the intradermal sites. A month later the patientrepeated the test and presented the same reactions of the first test. The next day she continued the test with subcutaneous injections. One hour latershe presented a flare up of the reactions appeared during the previous 2 tests. No reactions appeared at the subcutaneous injection sites. Thepatient also presented dyspnea. Flare-up reactions are characterized by the reactivation of previously positive reactions to intradermal or skin teststriggered by patch testing and after systemic provocation with an allergen. The phenomenon is not common to drugs. The mechanisms involved inthis reaction seem to be heterogeneous and are not completely understood. To our knowledge this is the first case of allergic reaction to GA manifestedas a flare-up reaction during challenge test.
Paola A. Escalante Abril,Miguel Fdo. Salazar,Nubia L. López García,Mónica N. Madrazo Moya,Yadir U. Zamora Guerra,Yadira Gandhi Mata Mendoza,Erick Gómez Apo,Laura G. Chávez Macías 대한병리학회 2015 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.49 No.6
We report a 50-year-old woman with no relevant clinical history who presented with headache and loss of memory. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a left parieto-temporal mass with annular enhancement after contrast media administration, rendering a radiological diagnosis of high-grade astrocytic neoplasm. Tumour sampling was performed but the patient ultimately died as a result of disease. Microscopically, the lesion had areas of glioblastoma mixed with a benign mesenchymal constituent; the former showed hypercellularity, endothelial proliferation, high mitotic activity and necrosis, while the latter showed fascicles of long spindle cells surrounded by collagen and reticulin fibers. With approximately 40 previously reported cases, gliofibroma is a rare neoplasm defined as either glio-desmoplastic or glial/benign mesenchymal. As shown in our case, its prognosis is apparently determined by the degree of anaplasia of the glial component.
On the genus of $\Bbb S^m \times \Bbb S^n$
Paola Cristofori 대한수학회 2004 대한수학회지 Vol.41 No.3
By using a recursive algorithm, we construct edge- coloured graphs representing products of spheres and consequently we give upper bounds for the regular genus of Sm £ Sn, for each m; n > 0.
Paola A. Pinzón-Arango,Yatao Liu,Terri A. Camesano 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.2
Previous clinical research has suggested that the consumption of cranberry products prevents the adhesion of Escherichia coli to uroepithelial cells by causing changes in bacterial fimbriae. Atomic force microscopy was used to probe the adhesion forces between E. coli (nonfimbriated strain HB101 and the P-fimbriated variant HB101pDC1) and a model surface (silicon nitride), to determine the effect of growth in cranberry products on bacterial adhesion. Bacteria were grown in tryptic soy broth supplemented with either light cranberry juice cocktail (L-CJC) or cranberry proanthocyanidins (PACs). Growth of E. coli HB101pDC1 and HB101 in L-CJC or PACs resulted in a decrease in adhesion forces with increasing number of cultures. In a macroscale bacteria–uroepithelial cell adhesion assay a decrease in bacterial attachment was observed for E. coli HB101pDC1 grown in L-CJC or PACs. This effect was reversible because bacteria that were regrown in cranberry-free medium regained their ability to attach to uroepithelial cells, and their adhesion forces reverted to the values observed in the control condition. Exposure to increasing concentrations of L-CJC resulted in a decrease of bacterial attachment to uroepithelial cells for the P-fimbriated strain after L-CJC treatment (27% by weight) and after PACs treatment (345.8 μg/mL). Cranberry products affect the surface properties, such as fimbriae and lipopolysaccharides, and adhesion of fimbriated and nonfimbriated E. coli. The concentration of cranberry products and the number of cultures the bacteria were exposed to cranberry determines how much the adhesion forces and attachment are altered.