Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Typing에 의한 동물과 사람 유래 Vancomycin 내성 장구균의 유전학적 비교

조윤상,이희수,김종만,류판동,박용호,유한상,이문한 한국수의공중보건학회 2003 예방수의학회지 Vol.27 No.1

It has been recently reported the possibility in the transfer of antimicrobial resistant to other animals and humans. In particular, the occurrence of vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE), which have been known as a principal antimicrobial resistant bacteria in humans, has been increased as a pathogen of nosocomial infections. And then animal VRE were suspected as an origin of human VRE. In this work, we investigated the relatedness between VRE from animals and humans through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing. The genetic relatedness of vanA, vanB, vanC-1 and vanC-2 genotypes was examined by RAPD typing, respectively. van4 genotypes have not been shown high genetic relationship each other, containing VRE from humans (n = 8) and chickens (n = 5). In vanB genotypes from humans (n = 3), 2 isolates were made up one cluster, shown 77.8% homology. Chicken isolates of vanC-1 genotypes (n = 11) were constituted 2 clusters and the homology of 2 clusters was 81.8% and 80.0%, respectively. In case of vanC-2 genotypes (n = 19), 2 isolates from pigs have been shown 76.9% homology. But, between VRE from animals and humans, the isolates of high genetic relationship could not be found and RAPD typing was a useful epidemiological method that could be confirmed the genetic relationship among VRE.

동물과 사람유래 Vancomycin 내성 장구균의 항균제 감수성 비교

조윤상,이희수,김종만,류판동,박용호,유한상,이문한 한국수의공중보건학회 2003 예방수의학회지 Vol.27 No.1

It has been recently reported the possibility in the bansfer of antimicrobial resistance to other animals and humans. In particular, vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE), which have been known as a principal antimicrobial resistant bacteria in humans, have been increased as a pathogen of nosocomial infections. And then animal VRE were suspected as an origin of human VRE. In this study, we isolated Enterococcus spp. from animals, identified by bio- chemical tests, examined for antimicrobial susceptibility, and then compared the antimicrobial susceptibility of VRE among each other as well as human VRE. Enterococcus iecium (29%) was predominant in Enterococcus species (n=122) isolated from animal feces in this study. E. hirae, E. iecalis, E. casseliflam and E. gallinarum were also isolated as rates of 24%, 21%, 16% and 7%, respectively. The resistance of enterococci to penicillin and tetracycline were 66% and 78%, respectively, and the susceptibility of them to chloramphenicol was 66%. Antimicrobial susceptibility test has shown that 91% of VRE from humans (n=11) was susceptible to chloramphenicol and all resistant to penicillin, rifampin and streptomycin. Seventy-five percentage of VRE from chickens (n = 12) was susceptible to rifampin and resistances of them to penicillin, tetracycline and sbeptomycin were 75%, 83%, and l00%, respectively. Therefore, we confirmed the difference of antimicrobial susceptibility from animals and humans, and the antimicrobial susceptibility test could be one of the simple and useful methods for the epidemiological survey of VRE.

Outsiders in the Family : Abuse of Migrant Domestic Workers in Taiwan

PAN, Shu-Man,YANG, Jung-Tsung 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2012 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.18 No.1

This study examines violence against female migrant workers employed in Taiwanese households by using the feminist perspective of gender politics. Data from in-depth interviews with twelve live- in domestic workers and ten staff members from government and non-government organizations (NGOs) were examined to identify the dynamic of abuse faced by live-in domestic workers. The study results have shown that female migrant workers endure various forms of violence perpetrated by employers and their families. There is a lack of access to services for victims of domestic violence, therefore, migrant domestic workers are abused. The feminist perspective on gender politics in relation to domestic violence has to be re-evaluated in order to clarify how patriarchal power influences daily family relations through direct and indirect strategies.

Recovery of Platinum from Spent Petroleum Catalysts by a Hydrometallurgical Method

( Pan Pan Sun ),( Man Seung Lee ) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 2013 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.51 No.12

Platinum was recovered from the leaching solution of spent petroleum catalysts by solvent extraction. The spent catalysts were first roasted at 800 ℃ to eliminate volatile matter. Most of the platinum in the spent catalysts was dissolved at an optimum leaching condition in a mixture of HCl and H2O2. Separation of platinum from the leaching solution was accomplished by solvent extraction with Aliquat 336 after iron was removed by extraction with TBP. Platinum and iron were stripped from the loaded Aliquat 336 and TBP by using 1 M HClO4 and 0.1 M HCl, respectively. Finally, HCl in the raffinate was recovered by extraction with TEHA and then by stripping with water. The optimum conditions to dissolve platinum and to separate platinum by solvent extraction are reported together with the mass balance of the constituents of the spent catalysts in each step.

진한 염산용액에서 구리(2)와 알루미늄(3)이 Alamine336에 의한 백금(4)과 팔라듐(2)의 추출 및 분리에 미치는 영향

이만승 ( Man Seung Lee ),안종관 ( Jong Gwan Ahn ),손반반 ( Pan Pan Sun ) 대한금속·재료학회 2010 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.48 No.2

The effects of Cu(II) and Al(III) on the extraction and separation of Pt(IV) and Pd(II) have been investigated in a mixed chloride solution using Alamine336 as the extractant. In the HCl concentration range of 1 to 5 M, more than 99% of Pt and Pd could be extracted by Alamine336 from all of the mixed chloride solutions investigated in this study. Lower HCl concentration led to a higher separation factor between Pd and Pt when Alamine336 concentration was constant. Extraction percentage of Cu increased with the increase of HCl concentration, while that of Al was nearly constant at 33% in our experimental range. The optimum conditions to extract Pt and Pd from Cu or Al and the separation factor under these conditions were obtained.

논문 : 염산용액에서 로듐(3)과 이리듐(4)의 용매추출

이만승 ( Man Seung Lee ),이진영 ( Jin Young Lee ),손반반 ( Pan Pan Sun ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2010 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.48 No.5

Solvent extraction experiments of Rh(III) and Ir(IV) were performed on the HCl solution by using Alamine336 and TBP. The extraction percentage of Rh and Ir by Alamine336 was much higher than that by TBP. For the solvent extraction with Alamine336, the extraction percentage of Rh and Ir decreased with a HCl concentration. However, the extraction percentage of both metals by TBP was below 12% in our experimental range and increased with an increasing HCl concentration of up to 8 M. From the mixed solution of Ir with an excess SnCl2, most of the tin was extracted by Alamine336 and TBP. However, the extraction percentage of Ir by Alamine336 was reduced and no iridium was extracted by TBP. The extraction behavior of Ir and Sn was investigated by scrubbing experiments on the loaded Ir with a SnCl2 solution.

Outsiders in the Family: Abuse of Migrant Domestic Workers in Taiwan

Shu-Man PAN,Jung-Tsung YANG 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2012 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.11 No.3

This study examines violence against female migrant workers employed in Taiwanese households by using the feminist perspective of gender politics. Data from in-depth interviews with twelve live- in domestic workers and ten staff members from government and non-government organizations (NGOs) were examined to identify the dynamic of abuse faced by live-in domestic workers. The study results have shown that female migrant workers endure various forms of violence perpetrated by employers and their families. There is a lack of access to services for victims of domestic violence, therefore, migrant domestic workers are abused. The feminist perspective on gender politics in relation to domestic violence has to be re-evaluated in order to clarify how patriarchal power influences daily family relations through direct and indirect strategies.

Nursing Student’s Learning Styles and Problem Solving Abilities in Taiwan

I-Ju Pan,Chia-Chien Hung,Nai-Tzu Kuo,Tzu-Chen Pan,Hung-Men Chen 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10

Immune Responses of BALB/c Mice Administrated via Oral Route to a Combined Salmonella Typhimurium Ghost Vaccine

Pan Gil Kim(김판길),Yeon Jo Ha(하연조),Su Man Lee(이수만),Sam Woong Kim(김삼웅),Sang Wan Gal(갈상완) 한국생명과학회 2015 생명과학회지 Vol.25 No.11

살모넬라 타이피무리움 JOL389와 χ3339는 마우스에 강한 독력을 가진 균주들이며, χ8554는 χ3339로부터 유도 되었다. 고스트 카세트를 운반하는 플라스미드 pMMP184가 제조된 후에, BALB/c 마우스의 구강 경로를 경유하여 투여되었다. 총 IgG의 함량 변화는 χ8554 고스트 세포의 부스팅으로 발현 함량이 낮게 나타났지만, 3차 접종의 2주 경과 후, 6주차에서 증가되는 양상을 보였다. 그러나, 혼합 백신 그룹인 JOL389/χ8554 그룹에서는 총 IgG의 함량이 일차 접종 후 2주차부터 상승되는 경향을 보였고, 추가접종이 진행되므로써 많은 상승 폭을 나타내었다. 총 IgG의 함량은 백신 접종 후 10주차에서 χ8554그룹에 비교하여 JOL389/χ8554은 8배 이상 높은 것으로 관찰되었다. IgG1, IgG2a, 분비IgA의 함량은 백신화 후 4주차에서 상승되었다. 독력 살모넬라 타이피무리움 χ3339로 도전실험결과, χ8554 [pMMP184]과 χ8554 [pMMP184]/JOL389은 대조구에 비교하여 50% 이상의 보호효과가 관찰되었다. 이들 결과는 χ8554 [pMMP184]/JOL389은 χ8554 [pMMP184]보다 더 높은 면역 응답을 유도하는 것이 가능한 것으로 추정된다. Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) JOL389 and χ3339 are strong virulent strains against mouse. ST χ8554 is derived by deletion of the asd gene from ST χ3339. Plasmid pMMP184 carrying a ghost cassette was transformed into ST χ8554, and ST χ8554 ghost cells were prepared and administrated via the oral route to BALB/c mice. Change in the amount of total IgG was not elicited to boosting of single ST χ8554 ghost cells, but the content was increased from 6 weeks after the 3<SUP>rd</SUP> administration. However, when the ST JOL389 ghost cells is administered together with ST χ8554 ghost cells, the content of total IgG was increased in 2 weeks post primary administration. It was found that the content of total IgG of the group mixed with ST JOL389 ghost cells showed an increased value of 8 times or more at 10 weeks when compared with the group of ST χ8554 ghost cells. The content of IgG1, IgG2a, and sIgA in both groups increased from 4 weeks postprimary administration. As a challenge test of virulent ST χ3339, χ8554 (pMMP184) and χ8554 (pMMP184)/JOL389 ghost cell groups showed protection of 50% or more when compared to the control group. These results suggest that the preparation of combined ghost cells from a strong virulent ST increases immunity more than a single strain.

A New Scheme for Compensation of Unwanted Components of Instantaneous Load Power

Man-Chung WONG,Ying-Duo HAN,Heng-San LEONG,Hon-Pan SIO 전력전자학회 1998 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

In practice, not only the load current but also the load voltage may contain asymmetric and harmonic components. Instantaneous power using p-q theory is analyzed to have compensation of reactive power, harmonics and asymmetry at the same time. In this paper, the limitation of p-q theory by using only shunt or series active filter is analyzed. A new scheme is proposed to solve the above issues.