은희경의 「내가 살았던 집」에 나타나는 영화적 기법

김예니(Kim Ye-Nie) 돈암어문학회 2005 돈암어문학 Vol.- No.18

The strategy of the narrative in the novel of Eun Hi-Kyoung is verified. First, in her text whose character has “the cynical smile” and “the feigned wickedness”, which has the peculiarity that a “focalizer” and “voice” in the text is divided and overlaped. When a focalizer and voice is certainly divided, a focalizer secures the distance with the objectivity and just get a view of the world and the object as well as a character in the text with a view of “the cynical smile” and “the feigned wickedness”. But in the story about the past which is located in the interval of the present time, a focalizer and voice is unjustly divided, or overlaped almost. And throughout this story about the past, A event of the precent which looks meaningless acquires the meaning. At this time, we can realize that the writer is hiding away a restrained desire and thought behind the “the cynical smile”.<br/> Second, the Hard-cut of Montage which appears in the 「The House that I had been」 shows the transformed space made in the memory which looks the object. The arrangement that the past and the present, or difficult stories, or the object and the space stand in a line gives a reader the construable space. At the same time, the meaningless event that happens now has the meaning throughout the memory about the past and a reader can see and feel the space closer than others. Those peculiarities are the modern novel's and film-art's. Eun Hi-Kyoung makes the effect throughout the strategy of the narrative which evokes “the cynical smile” and "the feigned wickedness" that it is made in that a focalizer and voice is divided and overlaped, or situations and shots stand in a line.

A Damage Constitutive Model of Q345B Steel in Circular Tubes Based on Cyclic Experiments and Its Application on Structure

Gui-bo Nie,Chenxiao Zhang,Xudong Zhi,Kun Liu,Huihuan Ma 한국강구조학회 2019 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.19 No.2

Q235B and Q345B are two structural steel grades widely used in China. In previous studies, more precisely in 2012, Nie defi ned a normalized constitutive model using material damage accumulation to describe damage behavior of Q235B steel in circular tubes. This paper focuses on the hysteretic damage behavior of Q345B steel in a circular steel tube under cyclic loads and describes the damage mechanism through a damage constitutive model based on experimental results. Three equations are implemented in the constitutive model, which includes a damage index to accurately describe the plastic and damage behavior of the material. Experiments were conducted in which a cyclic loading is applied in three directions on a circular steel tube. The constitutive model was implemented in the ABAQUS FEA software through a user-defi ned subroutine. Some parameters in the constitutive model were calibrated based on the experimental and numerical results. The performance behavior of a single-layer reticulated dome under seismic motion record was investigated through the increment dynamic analysis method. The results indicate that the constitutive model is suitable for analyses and quantifying seismic damage accumulation and progressive failure and it is also benefi cial for investigating the nonlinear dynamic behavior of structures under seismic loads. The eff ect of accumulated material damage can describe large-scale structural deformation and obvious reduction in the failure limit load.

Norm Noncompliance and Norm Diffusion: Free Trade Norms among the United States, European Union, and China

Nie Wenjuan 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2021 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.45 No.4

Would existing norms be vulnerable to degeneration due to the noncompliance behavior of some members, especially that of norm entrepreneurs? Standard accounts of norm studies focus on the negative influences of norm noncompliance on norm diffusion. This article starts with a critical thinking about norm noncompliance and argues that norm noncompliance, as well as norm compliance, constitutes a normal and necessary part of our social system. It develops hypotheses on why and how norm noncompliance leads to norm diffusion. To illustrate this argument, it takes free trade norms as a case to explore the different attitudes held by the United States, European Union (EU), and China. China has been motivated by US noncompliance behaviors to take the lead in diffusing free trade norms, while the EU tries to prevent China from taking the championship, which combined have promoted the diffusion of free trade norms.

STATUS QUO AND PROBLEM ON LEACHATE MANAGEMENT OF MSW LANDFILL IN CHINA

( Nie Yongfeng ),( Liu Jianguo ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.1

Impact of sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar on heavy metal availability and microbial activity: A field study

Nie, Chengrong,Yang, Xing,Niazi, Nabeel Khan,Xu, Xiaoya,Wen, Yuhui,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Ok, Yong Sik,Xu, Song,Wang, Hailong Elsevier 2018 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.200 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the current study, we conducted a field experiment using the test plant, <I>Brassica chinesis</I> L. (pak choi), to investigate the effect of sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar on the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb), and the health of soil microbiota in a contaminated soil. Biochar application significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) increased pak choi yield. Bioavailability of heavy metals to plant shoots and roots decreased with increasing biochar application rates (at 0, 1.5, 2.25 and 3.0 t ha<SUP>−1</SUP>). Sequential extraction of the biochar-treated and -untreated soil revealed that exchangeable Cd reduced whereas organically-bound fraction increased with increasing biochar rate. The labile fractions of Cu and Pb decreased, but the residual fraction increased in biochar-treated soils compared to the control. Urease, catalase and invertase activities, and the populations of bacteria and actinomycetes were significantly enhanced, whereas fungi population declined in biochar-treated soils. This study highlights that sugarcane bagasse biochar has the potential to support the remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals, and as such can improve the yield and quality of agricultural crops.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sugarcane bagasse biochar amendment reduced availability of Cd, Cu and Pb in soils. </LI> <LI> Heavy metals were less labile in the biochar-treated soils. </LI> <LI> Biochar amendment induced an increase in soil enzyme and microbial activity. </LI> <LI> Edible part of pak choi was safer for human consumption after biochar amendment. </LI> </UL> </P>

Snap-through buckling of single-layer squarely-reticulated shallow spherical shells continuously supported on springs

Nie, G.H. Techno-Press 2000 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.10 No.2

An asymptotic solution for snap-through buckling of single-layer squarely-reticulated shallow spherical shells continuously supported on springs is developed in this paper. Based on the fundamental governing equations and boundary conditions, a nondimensional analytical expression associated with the external load, stiffness of spring and central transverse displacement (deflection) is derived with the aid of asymptotic iteration method. The effects of stiffness of spring and characteristic geometrical parameter on buckling of the structures are given by the analyses of numerical examples. In a special case, for reticulated circular plates, the influence of stiffness of spring on the characteristic relation between load and deflection is also demonstrated.

Model-Based Design Methodology for Sampling Rate Converter

Nie Yang,Ge Hua,Jing Li-li 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.5

The design of high-speed sampling rate converter in multi-rate system is a very complicated problem. The traditional development flow is not simply low efficiency, and but also is difficult to implementation. This paper presents a development flow by model-based design to simplify the design process, to improve work efficiency. Sampling rate converter is designed by a hybrid scheme using polyphase filter and Farrow filter structure. Through the development flow of model-based design, circuit modeling is very easy to do, and the RTL code and test code are automatically generated. The simulation results show that this method can greatly reduce the system consumption and promote the performance of the system.

Measurement Matrix Construction Algorithm for Compressed Sensing based on QC-LDPC Matrix

NIE Yang,JING Li-li 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.2

The measurement matrix of compressed sensing has a significant impact for sampling and reconstruction algorithm of the original signal. At present, the majority of the measurement matrix is randomly constructed, and it is difficulty for hardware implementation in the practical applications. In this paper, we use the sparse characteristic of parity- check matrix of LDPC codes, construct measurement matrix based on QC-LDPC (Quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check) matrix, which is a structural and sparse deterministic measurement matrix. The simulation results show that, the measurement matrix is proposed in this paper not only can obtain a better reconstructed image quality, but also it can reduce the complexity of hardware implementation for quasi-cyclic.

훈민정음 ‘후설위주’와 ‘청탁ㆍ합벽’, 사성 의미에 관한 고찰

NIE BAOMEI 한국언어문학회 2016 한국언어문학 Vol.97 No.-

In this study, we analyze the deep meaning of ‘喉舌爲主', '淸濁' and '闔闢' term, the four tones in Hunminjeongeum Haireibon from I-Ching and phonetical view. As we all known that throat(喉) and tone(舌) are the most important articulator, not only because they are applicable to water(水) and fire(火) of the five elements, but only because they are also important than tooth and lip as phonetics articulator. In Hunminjeongeum the meaning of Chinese character '喉' includes the epiglottis(會厭) deeply. '淸濁' and '闔闢' can be used as I-Ching and phonetical term. Considering the effectiveness and briefness of depiction in Hunminjeongeum, the '闔闢' of hangeul consonants was skipped by Haireibon compiler. To the four tones of Hangeul, phonetics nature and I-Ching nature are two sides of the same coin. The four tones was assigned at the four seasons. It referred to harmony principle of spirit(氣) in Taijitushuo(太極圖說). The examples of four tones, ‘弓, 石, 刀' symbolize the military service examination,(武 科) '筆’ symbolize Civil Service Examination(文科). Hunminjeongeum was made for subjects whoever want take the state examination.

Experimental and numerical studies on the behaviour of corroded cold-formed steel columns

Nie Biao,Xu Shanhua,Zhang Haijiang,Zhang Zongxing 국제구조공학회 2020 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.35 No.5

Experimental investigation and finite element analysis of corroded cold-formed steel (CFS) columns are presented. 11 tensile coupon specimens and 6 stub columns of corroded CFS that had a channel section of C160x60x20 were subjected to monotonic tensile tests and axial compression tests, respectively. The degradation laws of the mechanical properties of the tensile coupon specimens and stub columns were analysed. An appropriate finite element model for the corroded CFS columns was proposed and the influence of local corrosion on the stability performance of the columns was studied by finite element analysis. Finally, the axial capacity of the experimental results was compared with the predictions obtained from the existing design specifications. The results indicated that with an increasing average thickness loss ratio, the ultimate strength, elastic modulus and yield strength decreased for the tensile coupon specimens. Local buckling deformation was not noticeable until the load reached about 90% of the ultimate load for the non-corroded columns, while local buckling deformation was observed when the load was only 40% of the ultimate load for the corroded columns. The maximum reduction of the ultimate load and critical buckling load was 57% and 81.7%, respectively, compared to those values for the non-corroded columns. The ultimate load of the columns with web thickness reduced by 2 mm was 53% lower than that of the non-corroded columns, which indicates that web corrosion most significantly affects the bearing capacity of the columns with localized corrosion. The results predicted using the design specifications of MOHURD were more accurate than those predicted using the design specifications of AISI.