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Mutsuo Kobayashi,Osamu Komagata,Naoko Nihei 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10
Vector-borne diseases are transmitted to humans by blood-feeding arthropods such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. These cold-blooded animals are influenced by environmental change. A recent report by IPCC showed that the emission of greenhouse gases has already changed world climates. Heat waves in Europe, rises in global mean sea level, summer droughts and wild fires, more intense precipitation, and increasing numbers of large cyclones, hurricanes and typhoon may be typical example of extreme climate phenomena related to global warming. High temperatures during winter season may increase survival rate among arthropod vectors in Temperate Zone. Warming may accelerate the spread of mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus in the northern parts of Japan and European countries. The spread of the mosquito vector through global used-tire trading in recent decades to Africa, the Mideast, Europe, and North and South America caused an outbreak of Chikungunya fever in north Italy in 2007.
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Capsaicin 유사물질인 Resiniferatoxin의 열생산 작용기전에 관한 연구
이태희,김명수,이재우,(NaokoOkane),(AkikoKobayashi),(ToshimasaOsaka),(ShujiInoue) 대한비만학회 2000 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.9 No.2
The effects of adrenodemedullation and propranolol, ruthenium red on thermoregulation by capsaicin analogue resiniferatoxin were studied in male Wistar rats. Thermoregulation was observed by the measurements of oxygen consumption and temperature of colon and skin, simultaneously every 5 minutes for 300 minutes after subcutaneous injection of resiniferatoxin (50 ㎍/kg). The rats were studied at one to four weeks after adrenodemodullation. Propranolol treatments were 2 times of intraperitoneal injections (5 mg/kg) before 30 minutes and at the same time of resiniferatoxin injection. Ruthenium red (10 ㎍/kg) was injected subcutaneously before 15 minutes and after 45 minutes of resiniferatoxin injection. The results were as follows. 1. After resiniferatoxin (50 ㎍/kg s.c.) administration, oxygen consumption showed double-peak response. It reached to the peak level (12.8±0.5 mL/min/kg 0.75) at 50 minutes, then began to decrease. At 100 minutes, it began to increase and maintained elevated level till 300 minutes. After resiniferatoxin injection, colon temperature showed biphasic pattern; it decreased by 0.2 ℃ at 30 minutes, ant then increased. Skin temperature began to increase immediately after resiniferatoxin injection, reached to 30.38±0.45℃ at 50 minutes. Then it decreased slowly, but maintained elevated level till 300 minutes. 2. After resiniferatoxin (50 ㎍/kg) administration in adrenodemedullated rats, oxygen consumption was reduced in early-increasing response of double-peak response but was not changed in late-increasing response. The temperature of colon and skin was not changed after adrenodemedullation, too. 3. Increments of oxygen consumption by resiniferatoxin administration was abolished by the treatment of propranolol till 300 minutes. Changes of skin temperature by resiniferatoxin administration were not affected by propranolol (The peak level of skin temperature was 30.4±0.8℃ at 40 minutes. The temperature of colon was slightly decreased to 36.0±0.2℃ at 50 minutes). 4. Ruthenium red enhanced the increments of oxygen consumption to 14.7±0.8 and 14.9±0.5 mL/min/kg 0.75 at 50 and 100 minutes after resiniferatoxin administration respectively while the decrement of oxygen consumption after the first peak was attenuated by ruthenium red treatment to 14.3±0.6 mL/min /kg 0.75 at 70 minutes. There were no significant changes of skin temperature and colon temperature. Elevation of colon temperature was enhanced to the peak of 37.5±0.2℃ from 140 to 160 minutes. These results suggest that thermogeneses of resiniferatoxin may be caused by catecholamine secreted from the adrenal medulla and β adrenergic receptor binding in peripheral region, and inhibition system of thermogenesis such as VN2 receptor system also may be involved by resiniferatoxin.
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