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Eun‑Joon Chun,Sung‑Sang Lim,Young‑Tae Kim,Ki‑Sung Nam,김영민,Young‑Whan Park,Siva Prasad Murugan,Yeong‑Do Park 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.1
Resistance nut projection weldability of Al–Si coated hot stamped steel (HSS) was investigated under the viewpoint of weldablecurrent range and joint strength (pull-out load). The microstructural inhomogeneities in the welds were also studied inorder to elucidate the factors affecting the joint strength of the welds. The weldability of the given Al–Si coated HSS wascompared with the weldability of an identical HSS without the Al–Si coating (Al–Si coating was polished out) and Zn coateddual phase steel. The weldable current range of Al–Si coated HSS was found to be narrower than that of the other materials. Furthermore, the average pull-out load within the weldable current range of the Al–Si coated HSS was the lowest among thethree materials. The reason for poor weld mechanical property of the Al–Si coated hot-stamped steel was attributed to themicrostructural inhomogeneities such as unmixed Al–Si coating layer at the edge of the nugget and the second phase Fe3(Al,Si) intermetallic compound. The formation of Fe3(Al, Si) phase was attributed to the solidification segregation of Al and Siduring the weld solidification and was confirmed with the numerical analysis of solidification segregation.
황은범 ( Eun Bum Hwang ),남상요 ( Sang Yo Nam ),하호욱 ( Ho Uk Ha ),이창은 ( Chang Eun Lee ) 한국병원경영학회 2001 병원경영학회지 Vol.6 No.3
This study is focused that the electronic commerce(EC) on the purchasing section may improve the efficiency and transparency of the hospitals management. After reviewing the purchasing activity of hospitals, I study the introduction, expected effects, and problems of EC. So, I am going to provide basic information for activating EC. The samples are managers of 170 hospitals, which are located on Seoul. As a result of collection this survey, I analyze 79 hospitals. For data analysis, I use X^2-test and ANOVA for purchasing management and the relevance of EC according to the level of care. The results of this study are 1. the problems on the management of purchasing section are : firstly, they don't have sufficient time to study market. Secondly, it is difficult to find competitive suppliers. And, lastly, they cannot gather a lot of information about the price of products. 2. There are many answers of the needs on the introduction of B2B. However, some hospitals think they don't need it. But, the most answers are that the EC will be settled within 4 years. So, we can realize that these hospitals are getting interested on the EC. On the other hand, I find that they prefer outside EC companies for the introduction of EC. 3. On the expected effects on EC, first is the effectiveness of the market survey. The next is to collect information of adequate price of products owing to clear transaction, find easier new suppliers and gather useful data. 4. On the external problems of the introduction of EC, there is low credibility related to the security and the weakness of suppliers' information system. Especially, on the Real Transaction Price Payment system, the bigger bed size, the higher understanding on these problems. On the internal problems of the introduction of EC, first is the burden of the introduction of EC and operating cost. Especially, on the burden of the disclosure of revenue source, the smaller bed size, the higher understanding on this problem. So, this is a point which deserves my attention statistically. However, this shows relatively little understanding about incomplete the standard of product category and the weak information system of hospital. Through this study, I am going to suggest 3 points for the activation of the introduction of EC on hospitals. 1. The reform of the Real Transaction Price Payment System on medical supplies and materials for medical treatment. 2. The establishment of the standard of product category. 3. The promotion of information system based on network.
( Sung Ha Lim ),( Eun Jung Kim ),( Chung Hyuk Lee ),( Gi Hyun Park ),( Kang Min Yoo ),( Sung Ju Nam ),( Kyong-oh Shin ),( Kyungho Park ),( Eung Ho Choi ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1
Background: The stratum corneum (SC) consists of corneocytes, intercellular lipids, and corneodesmosomes. Most of the previous studies have focused on a ceramide with a single chain fatty acid, not with diverse chain lengths. Objective: We evaluated whether a lipid mixture enriched by ceramide NP with fatty acids of diverse chain lengths can restore the skin barrier impaired by topical corticosteroid. Methods: 27 healthy adult males were recruited. Topical corticosteroid was applied on both the forearms and, either the test cream that contains a lipid mixture or a vehicle cream was applied on the left or right forearm, respectively. The functional parameters of the skin barrier, epidermal differentiation markers, hyaluronic acid synthase 3 (HAS3), cytokines, and the lipid profiles in the SC were analyzed. Results: The barrier recovery rate, SC integrity, and SC hydration were significantly improved in the test cream-applied site. Filaggrin and HAS3 levels were significantly higher, Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) levels were increased, and IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13 levels decreased in the test cream-applied site. Lipid analysis showed that C18, C20, and total ceramide NP levels increased in the test cream-applied site. C16, C18, C20, C24, and total ceramide NP levels were elevated in the test cream-applied site after acute barrier disruption. Conclusion: A lipid mixture enriched by ceramide NP with fatty acids of diverse chain lengths could recover the barrier impaired by topical corticosteroid.
Coagulation-promoting activity induced by polystyrene nanoplastics in RBCs
Eun-Hye Kim(김은혜),Han Young Chung(정한영),Sang Ho Choi(최상호),Ok-Nam Bae(배옥남) 환경독성보건학회 2021 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2021 No.5
Micro/nanoplastics in the environment can enter the body by various routes. Micro/nanoplastics entering the body translocate from the exposure site to the circulatory system. There is an urgent need to evaluate the toxicity of cardiovascular tissues such as blood cells and vessels that may be exposed to micro/nanoplastics. We investigated whether nanoplastics influence the coagulation promoting activity of red blood cells (RBCs). We have tested several types of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NP) using freshly isolated human RBCs. We measured the time course of hemolysis, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, and microvesicle (MV) to determine effect of PS-NP on human RBCs. The morphological change of RBCs by PS-NP were observed by Scanning- or Transmission-Electron Microscopy. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of procoagulation activation by PS-NP, the changes of the oxidative stress, calcium level, GSH level, ATP level, and caspase-3 activities were monitored. The enzymatic activity for PS translocation was also detected. To elucidate the functional alteration, we measured the adhesion of RBCs to endothelial cells (HUVECs) and thrombin generation. Consistent to the observations in human RBCs, exposure to PS-NP increased hemolysis, PS exposure, and thrombin generation in rat RBCs. After administrating of PS-NP by intravenous injection, we observed enhanced thrombus formation in vein using rat venous thrombosis model in vivo. Here, we suggest that PS-NP can promote prothrombotic risks on RBCs. Our study will contribute to understand the toxicity of micro/nanoplastics on RBCs and cardiovascular systems.
Eun-Se Park,Hyun-Min Lee,Min-Hee Kim,Ki-Won Nam,Jin-Sang Kim 대한물리치료학회 2006 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.18 No.2
Purpose: The purpose of this study to investigate the effect of TENS and electroacupuncture (EA) on injured muscle recovery and to compare the difference between TENS and EA. Methods: 18 S-D rats were produced surgically for crush injury on Extensor digitorum. TENS and EA stimulation were applied on acu-point that Zusanli (ST36) and Taijun (Liv3) of each hindlimb as approximitely 2㎐ for 15 minutes. The rats were sacrificed on 1, 3, 7 post operation day, and the spinal level was immunohistochmical stainied. Results: The expression of NT-3 on the spinal level related with injured muscle between Ex-1 group and Ex-2, there is no significant difference. But between Con and Ex-1/Ex-2, there was little difference. In the same indivudual, we confirmed more NT-3 expression on the same side of injured muscle than on another side of gray matter in posterior horn. Conclusion: There is no difference, which is more effective to recover of injured muscle, between EA and TENS on injured muscle. (J Kor Soc Phys Ther 2006;18(2);59-64)
Nam, Jutaek,La, Wan-Geun,Hwang, Sekyu,Ha, Yeong Su,Park, Nokyoung,Won, Nayoun,Jung, Sungwook,Bhang, Suk Ho,Ma, Yoon-Ji,Cho, Yong-Min,Jin, Min,Han, Jin,Shin, Jung-Youn,Wang, Eun Kyung,Kim, Sang Geol,Ch American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.4
<P>A challenge in using plasmonic nanostructure–drug conjugates for thermo–chemo combination cancer therapy lies in the huge size discrepancy; the size difference can critically differentiate their biodistributions and hamper the synergistic effect. Properly tuning the plasmonic wavelength for photothermal therapy typically results in the nanostructure size reaching ∼100 nm. We report a new combination cancer therapy platform that consists of relatively small 10 nm pH-responsive spherical gold nanoparticles and conjugated doxorubicins. They are designed to form aggregates in mild acidic environment such as in a tumor. The aggregates serve as a photothermal agent that can selectively exploit external light by their collective plasmon modes. Simultaneously, the conjugated doxorubicins are released. The spatiotemporal concertion is confirmed at the subcellular, cellular, and organ levels. Both agents colocalize in the cell nuclei. The conjugates accumulate in cancer cells by the rapid phagocytic actions and effective blockage of exocytosis by the increased aggregate size. They also effectively accumulate in tumors up to 17 times over the control because of the enhanced permeation and retention. The conjugates exhibit a synergistic effect enhanced by nearly an order of magnitude in cellular level. The synergistic effect is demonstrated by the remarkable reductions in both the therapeutically effective drug dosage and the photothermal laser threshold. Using an animal model, effective tumor growth suppression is demonstrated. The conjugates induce apoptosis to tumors without any noticeable damage to other organs. The synergistic effect <I>in vivo</I> is confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis over the thermal stress and drug-induced growth arrest.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-4/nn400223a/production/images/medium/nn-2013-00223a_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn400223a'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>