Statistical Optimization of Medium Components for Milk-Clotting Enzyme Production by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D4 Using Wheat Bran-an Agro-Industry Waste

( Wei Bing Zhang ),( Xiao Ling He ),( Hong Na Liu ),( Hui Yuan Guo ),( Fa Zheng Ren ),( Wei Dong Gao ),( Peng Cheng Wen ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.8

In this paper, two statistical methods were applied to optimize medium components to improve the production of the milk-clotting enzyme by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D4. First, wheat bran juice, skim milk powder, and Na2HPO4 were shown to have significant effects on D4 enzyme production using the Plackett?Burman experimental design. Subsequently, an optimal medium was obtained using the Box?Behnken method, which consisted of 3.31 g/l of skim milk powder, 5.0 g/l of sucrose, 0.1 g/l of FeSO4?7H2O, 0.1 g/l of MgSO4?7H2O, 0.1 g/l of MnSO4?2H2O, 0.1 g/l of ZnSO4?7H2O, 1.52 g/l of Na2HPO4, and 172.45 g/l of wheat bran juice. With this optimal medium, the milk-clotting enzyme production was remarkably enhanced. The milk-clotting enzyme activity reached 3,326.7 SU/ml after incubation of 48 h, which was 1.76-fold higher than that of the basic medium, showing that the Plackett?Burman design and Box?Behnken response surface method are effective to optimize medium components, and B. amyloliquefaciens D4 possessed a high rennet-producing capacity in the optimal medium.

Radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy could improve the immune infiltration of melanoma in mice and enhance the abscopal effect

Yufeng Zheng(Yufeng Zheng),Xue Liu(Xue Liu),Na Li(Na Li),Aimei Zhao(Aimei Zhao),Zhiqiang Sun(Zhiqiang Sun),Meihua Wang(Meihua Wang),Judong Luo(Judong Luo) 대한방사선종양학회 2023 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.41 No.2

Purpose: To analyze the gene mutation, immune infiltration and tumor growth of primary tumor and distant tumor under different treatment modes. Materials and Methods: Twenty B16 murine melanoma cells were injected subcutaneously into the of both sides of the thigh, simulating a primary tumor and a secondary tumor impacted by the abscopal effect, respectively. They were divided into blank control group, immunotherapy group, radiotherapy group, and radiotherapy combined immunotherapy group. During this period, tumor volume was measured, and RNA sequencing was performed on tumor samples after the test. R software was used to analyze differentially expressed genes, functional enrichment, and immune infiltration. Results: We found that any treatment mode could cause changes in differentially expressed genes, especially the combination treatment. The different therapeutic effects might be caused by gene expression. In addition, the proportions of infiltrating immune cells in the irradiated and abscopal tumors were different. In the combination treatment group, T-cell infiltration in the irradiated site was the most obvious. In the immunotherapy group, CD8+ T-cell infiltration in the abscopal tumor site was obvious, but immunotherapy alone might have a poor prognosis. Whether the irradiated or abscopal tumor was evaluated, radiotherapy combined with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy produced the most obvious tumor control and might have a positive impact on prognosis. Conclusion: Combination therapy not only improves the immune microenvironment but may also have a positive impact on prognosis.

Evolution of 49 Phenolic Compounds in Shortly-aged Red Wines Made from Cabernet Gernischt (Vitis vinifera L. cv.)

Zheng Li,Qiu-Hong Pan,Zan-Min Jin,Jian-Jun He,Na-Na Liang,Chang-Qing Duan 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.4

A total of 49 phenolic compounds were identified from the aged red wines made from Cabernet Gernischt (Vitis vinifera L. cv.) grapes, a Chinese characteristic variety, including 13 anthocyanins, 4 pryanocyanins, 4 flavan-3-ol monomers, 6 flavan-3-ol polymers, 7 flavonols, 6 hydroxybenzoic acids, 5 hydroxycinnamic acids, 3 stilbenes, and 1 polymeric pigment. Evolution of these compounds was investigated in wines aged 1 to 13 months. Variance analysis showed that the levels of most phenolics existed significant difference in between wines aged 3 and 9 months. Cluster analysis indicated that 2 groups could be distinguished, one corresponding to wines aged 1 to 3 months and the other to wines aged 4 to 13 months. It was thus suggested that there were 2 key-stages for the development of fine wine quality, at the aged 3 and 9 months, respectively. This work would provide some helpful information for quality control in wine production.

5-Fluorouracil delivery from a novel three-dimensional micro-device: in vitro and in vivo evaluation

Na Zheng,Mingyao Zhou,Chunhui Du,Sicen Wang,Wen Lu 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.12

A novel three-dimensional biodegradablemicro-device using microelectromechanical systems technologywas developed for implantable controlled drugdelivery. In order to evaluate the effect of monomercomposition and molecular weight of poly(lactic-coglycolicacid) (PLGA) on the drug release, three 5-Fluorouracilloaded micro-devices, made of 50/50, 27 kDa;50/50, 40 kDa and 75/25 27 kDa PLGA, were preparedand characterized by in vitro and in vivo methods. Thein vitro drug release from three micro-devices followedzero-order kinetics, and PLGA micro-device with thehigher molecular weight and lactide/glycolide ratio tendedto a longer sustained release period. The in vivo releaseresults agreed with the in vitro results and drug releasein vivo was faster than that in vitro for each of microdevices. And three micro-devices showed different tumorinhibition effect in the tumor bearing mice. In addition, theSEM and weight loss experiments showed that PLGAmicro-devices with lower molecular weight and lactide/glycolide ratio had faster degradation. These data providedthe information for the optimization of the novel threedimensionalbiodegradable micro-device to obtain moresuitable systems for controlled release and to meet releaserequirements of different drugs.

Advances in Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Characteristics of the Albino Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plant

Na-na Li,Jian-liang Lu,Xin-qiang Zheng,Yue-rong Liang 한국차학회 2015 한국차학회지 Vol.- No.S

Albino tea cultivars have precious white shoots or yellow shoots and are widely cultivated in China to produce high quality green tea with fresh taste and high aroma, including temperature-sensitive albino mutants and light-sensitive albino mutants. Physiological and biochemical indicators showed that the levels of pigments, total catechins and caffeine decreased, the content of total amino acids, especially theanine increased, and the chloroplast structure were abnormal in albino leaves; molecular studies displayed that expression of genes encoding chloroplast structure and chlorophyll synthesis, such as light harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein, glutamyl-tRNA reductase, Mg-chelatase H subunit, S-adenosylmethionine synthetase and glutamine synthetase, suppressed in albino period

KTX 개통에 따른 지역 간 상대적 의존성 변화에 관한 실증 연구

정미나(Zheng, Mei-Na),노정현(Rho, Jeong-Hyun) 대한국토·도시계획학회 2015 國土計劃 Vol.50 No.7

Fabrication and Characterization of Graphene Enriched Polysulfon Amide Nanocomposites by Electrospinning System

Na Meng,Yuansheng Zheng,Binjie Xin 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.2

In this paper, we report on the fabrication and characterization of poly(sulfone amide)/graphene (PSA/G) nonwoven based nanocomposite mat assembled via electrospinning technique. Different types of nanocomposite mats were electrospun by varying the weight percentage of graphene in the polymer solution. The surface morphologies, chemical structural, thermal, and electrical properties of the nanocomposites were evaluated systematically. The morphology of the PSA/G nanocomposites exhibited that mesh-like ultrafine nanofibers were densely aligned. Thermal stability and electrical properties of the PSA/G composites could be improved obviously with the addition of graphene. And the thickness uniformity of the nanocomposite mat was improved by using an electrospinning system. Our experimental results suggested that the PSA/G nanocomposites have potential to serve in many different applications, especially in the area of electronic components.

Improving Lookup Time Complexity of Compressed Suffix Arrays using Multi-ary Wavelet Tree

Zheng Wu,Joong Chae Na,Minhwan Kim,Dong Kyue Kim 한국정보과학회 2009 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.3 No.1

In a given text T of size n, we need to search for the information that we are interested. In order to support fast searching, an index must be constructed by preprocessing the text. Suffix array is a kind of index data structure. The compressed suffix array (CSA) is one of the compressed indices based on the regularity of the suffix array, and can be compressed to the k<SUP>th</SUP> order empirical entropy. In this paper we improve the lookup time complexity of the compressed suffix array by using the multi-ary wavelet tree at the cost of more space. In our implementation, the lookup time complexity of the compressed suffix array is O(log<SUP>ε/(1-ε)</SUP>σn logr σ), and the space of the compressed suffix array is ε?¹ nHk(T) + O(n log log n/log<SUP>ε</SUP>σ n) bits, where σ is the size of alphabet, Hk is the kth order empirical entropy, r is the branching factor of the multi-ary wavelet tree such that 2 ≤ r ≤ √n and r ≤ O(log<SUP>1-ε</SUP>σn), and 0 < ε < 1/2 is a constant.

The effect of SiO2 on the performance of inorganic sludge-based structural concretes

Zheng Xun Yang,Na Ra Ha,이종국,Min Sik Jang,황규홍 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2009 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.10 No.3

As a relatively new material, geopolymer concrete offers benefits as a construction material for sustainable development. It utilizes waste materials such as recycled concrete sludge, fly ash, etc. It has a very low rate of green house gas emission when compared to ordinary Portland cement. In this study, the components of geopolymer are concrete sludge, metakaolin and water glass. NaOH was used as an alkaline activator. To improve the mechanical properties, silica fume was added as a bonding matrix from 0%-10% to replace part of the concrete sludge, and the specimens were cured in air, then their mechanical properties such as compressive strength and bending strength were measured and their microstructures were investigated.

Theoretical analysis of natural evaporative cooling to enhance the efficiency of thermoelectric devices

Zheng, Liang Jun,Kang, Dong Hee,Kim, Na Kyong,Youn, Young Jik,Kang, Hyun Wook Elsevier 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER - Vol.143 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Theoretical model of thermoelectric generator (TEG) cooled by direct evaporative cooling technology is developed. In the theoretical model, thermoelectric material properties depending on temperature change and effects of heat loss by radiation, conduction, and Thomson phenomenon are considered. To investigate the effect of evaporative cooling to the efficiency of TEG, the simulation conditions are set as hot-side temperature of 40–120 °C and 1 mm thickness of thin water film covering for cold-side. The ambient temperature is 25 °C and the relative humidity of the air is set from 25% to 75%. Based on the developed theoretical model, the output power of TEG is increased as increasing hot side temperature under fixed relative humidity or as decreasing relative humidity under fixed hot-side temperature. Consequently, the maximum output power of 130.69 W m<SUP>−2</SUP> and an efficiency of 1.63% are obtained with 25% relative humidity and 120 °C for the hot-side temperature condition. The results show that the output power and efficiency are increased 100.53 and 10.53 times higher than without evaporative cooling (natural convection case, output power of 1.30 W m<SUP>−2</SUP> and efficiency of 0.1548%), respectively.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Theoretical model of TEG cooled by direct evaporative cooling technology. </LI> <LI> Thermophysical relations in TEG system and cooling process at theoretical model. </LI> <LI> Analyzing thermal resistance network for quantifying heat flow rates and heat dissipation rates. </LI> <LI> Increasing TEG performance by applying evaporative cooling technology. </LI> <LI> TEG performance evaluation based on hot-side temperature and relative humidity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>