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Current Status and Prospect of Antiobesity Functional Agents
Myoung-Sool Do 한국식품영양과학회 2004 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.55 No.-
The obese population has been increasing over the world wide and obesity became a socioeconomic problems. It is become more serious by the accumulation of the knowledge that the obesity is related directly or indirectly with several diseases like, diabetes, hypertension, etc. With these reasons, many functional food or agents for the purpose of weight loss have been developed. However, most of these remedies are unproven and some have produced even dangerous side effects due to the ephedrine alkaloids contained in Ma-Hang. Because of these reasons, they banned using of these agents in US and regards the antiobesity functional agents as drugs in Europe. Several functional agents are known for weight loss activities like, HCA, L-canitine, CLA, chitosan, calcium supplements and capsaicin containing red pepper, kimchi and kochujang. We describe here about the function, efficacy and mechanism of these antiobesity functional agents. Furthermore, the trial of the mixture of weight loss related herbal ingredients for safe multifunctional antiobesity functional agents are discussed here, as well.
Myoung-Sool Do,안인숙,Bong-Hyuk Choi,하정헌,Jae-Min Byun,Hyun-Gil Shin,박건영 한국식품영양과학회 2006 Journal of medicinal food Vol.9 No.3
The purpose of this study was to examine the isomer-specific effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on in-flammatory markers associated with fat accumulation in cultures of differentiating 3T3-L1 adipocytes. trans-10,cis-12 CLA(t10c12 CLA) reduced leptin secretion and fat accumulation. Linoleic acid (LA) and cis-9,trans-11 CLA (c9t11 CLA) in-creased them, but not significantly. t10c12 CLA and LA showed similar effects on mRNA expression of inflammatory mark-ers. t10cea H-f US; -f RbS;b; Ro ,mckbd,tURb RLb qpTf tbzbtN oB gSBtUqqURoks :sRolgSbN N,:L UN gSRbktb,lgS M1-7c( MSoRNgdSgBg:USRts7i R,qok Sb:koNgN BU:Rok MDTI7c., and C-reactive protein (CRP) with no significant change in the secretion ofadiponectin, an anti-inflammatory adipokine. However, c9t11 CLA induced no significant change in the mRNA expressionof IL-6, TNF-., or CRP, but significantly increased adiponectin secretion. In conclusion, CLA exerted isomer-specific effectson fat accumulation and mRNA expression of inflammatory markers in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. t10c12 CLA up-regulated in-flammatory markers in spite of the decreased fat accumulation, and TNF-.
Myoung-Sool Do,Sung-Eui Hong,Jung-Heun Ha,Sun-Mi Choi,In-Sook Ahn,Ji-Young Yoon,Kun-Young Park 한국식품영양과학회 2004 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.9 No.1
High-pungency red pepper and capsaicin modulate circulating hormone levels and induce lipolysis in adipose tissue in vivo. This study was designed to investigate the lipolytic activity of adipocytes by highpungency red pepper extract in vitro. High-pungency red pepper (var. Chungyang) powder showed 126.1 mg% of capsaicinoid which was 3 x higher than low-pungency red pepper powder (var. Daemyung). To study the effects of high-pungency red pepper extract on lipolytic activity, preadipocytes were separated from the epidermal fat of 14 day-old rats, induced to differentiate into adipocytes and were treated with red pepper extracts. The amount of glycerol released from adipocytes into the culture medium was analysed to measure lipolytic activity. Glycerol release from adipocytes was increased in a dose-dependent manner with high-pungency red pepper extract treatment. However, there was no significant change in the glycerol release when adipocytes were treated with low-pungency red pepper extract. To investigate whether lipolysis by high-pungency red pepper extract is caused by capsaicin, glycerol release was detected after the treatment of adipocytes with capsaicin. Glycerol release was significantly increased by capsaicin. These results suggest that high-pungency red pepper extract might have a direct lipolytic activity in adipocytes that is mediated by capsaicin.
Effect of Retinoic Acid on Leptin, Glycerol, and Glucose Levels in Mature Rat Adipocytes In Vitro
Myoung-Sool Do,안인숙,정헌순,D. Vernon Rayner,홍성의 한국식품영양과학회 2004 Journal of medicinal food Vol.7 No.3
To elucidate the effects of retinoic acids (RAs) on adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity, we treated mature adipocytes with two different kinds of RA, 9-cis RA and all-trans RA. Both 9-cis and all-trans RA inhibited the secretion of leptin. However, the inhibition was significantly decreased at a higher dose of each RA. The inhibitory effect of 9-cis RA was synergistically enhanced by the addition of rosiglitazone, a synthetic ligand for PPAR. 9-cis RA also leads to adipogenesis in a dose dependent manner. On the contrary, all-trans RA does not increase adipogenesis in a dose dependent manner. To clarify the anti-diabetic effects of RA, glucose uptake was assessed by estimating glucose concentrations in the medium. 9-cis RA reduced glucose levels in the culture media but all-trans RA did not. In conclusion, all-trans RA does not alter adipogenesis and glucose uptake but does inhibit the leptin secretion. 9-cis RA, however, seems to increase both adipogenesis and glucose uptake through the activation of the RXR/PPAR heterodimer.