Evaluation of ‘TNF-α, IL-6, and MMP-9’ Test Kit for Screening of Meibomian Dysfunction in Patients with Inflammatory Dry Eye Syndrome

Min-Hye Park,Jung-Eun Park,Jang-Won Byun,Min-Ji Choi,Il-Hoon Cho,Myeong-Jin Jeong,Yoon-Jung Choy,Koon-Ja Lee 대한시과학회 2020 대한시과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

목적 : 마이봄샘기능저하증(meibomian gland dysfunction, MGD)을 수반하는 염증성 건성안의 감별진단에 대한 ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ 검사키트의 유용성을 평가하였다. 방법 : 건성안 이외의 안질환이 없는 20~30대 중 OSDI 설문 검사에 따른 건성안 총 118안을 대상하였고, 결막낭 메니스커스로부터 소량의 눈물을 채취하여 TNF-α, IL-6 및 MMP-9 검사를 하였다. 각막염색과 결막충혈 이 모두 Grade 1 이상인 경우는 염증성 건성안으로, 마이봄샘폐쇄와 마이봄샘구멍막힘이 모두 grade 1 이상인 경우는 MGD 관련 건성안으로 평가하였다. 염증성 건성안 및 MGD와 TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9과의 상관성은 카 이제곱검정(Chi-square test)으로 분석하였고, ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ 검사키트의 염증성 건성안과 MGD를 수반하는 염증성 건성안 감별능력은 ROC 커브를 이용하여 민감도, 특이도 및 AUC(Area under the curve)를 구하고 정확도를 평가하였다. 결과 : 염증성 건성안은 TNF-α와 IL-6와 유의한 상관성을 보였고(p<.050), ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ 검사 키트는 MMP-9 검사키트와 80.20%의 높은 일치도를 나타냈으나(p<.050), 염증성 건성안 감별에 대한 민감도, 특이도, 정확도는 MMP-9 검사키트보다 낮았다. MGD는 MMP-9 검사와 상관성을 보이지 않았고, TNF-α와 IL-6 검사와는 유의한 상관성을 보였으며, MGD 감별에 대한 민감도, 특이도, 정확도는 각각 85.50%, 34.70%, 0.601, 85.50%, 32.70%, 0.591로 나타났다. MGD 수반한 염증성 건성안 감별에 대한 ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ 검사키트의 민감도, 특이도 및 정확도는 100.00%, 34.10%, 0.670로 MMP-9 검사키트보다 더 높았다. 결론 : MGD 진단에는 TNF-α, IL-6 검사가 유용하며, ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ 검사키트는 MGD를 수반한 염증성 건성안 평가에 유용할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : To evaluated the ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ test kit for screening of inflammatory dry eye and IDE (inflammatory dry eye) with MGD (meibomian gland dysfunction). Methods : A total of 118 dry eyes were selected using OSDI (ocular surface disease index) questionnaire among participated 20~30s without ophthalmologic diseases except for dry eye. Small amount of tear obtained from meniscus of the conjunctiva were tested with TNF-α, IL-6, and MMP-9 kit. IDE refers to the criteria which specifies the corneal staining and conjunctival hyperemia more than grade 1 and MGD refers to the criteria which specifies meibomian gland blockage and meibomian orifice obstruction with more than grade 1. Chi-square test was performed to analyze the correlation between the IDE, MGD and the results of ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ tests. and ROC (receiver operate characteristics) curve was used for the sensitivity, specificity and AUC (area under the curve) for the accuracy of ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ tests. Results : TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly correlated with IDE (p<.050) and ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ test kit showed a high agreement of 80.20% with MMP-9 test kit(p<.050) although the accuracy was lower than MMP-9 test kit. The MMP-9 showed no correlation with MGD, however TNF-α, IL-6 were significantly correlated with MGD (p<.050). sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of TNF-α, IL-6 tests for MGD were 85.50%, 34.70%, 0.601, 85.50%, 32.70%, and 0.591. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ test kit for IDE with MGD were 100.00%, 34.10%, and 0.670, respectively, which shows higher accuracy than MMP-9. Conclusion : TNF-α and IL-6 tests are useful for the diagnosis of MGD, and ‘TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-9’ test kit is useful for screening IDE with MGD.

Comparison of immune cell populations in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and PBMC cytokine expressions in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and porcine respiratory disease complex

Yang, Myeon-Sik,Jeong, Chang-Gi,Nazki, Salik,Mattoo, Sameer ul Salam,Lee, Sang-Myeong,Kim, Won-Il,Kim, Bumseok The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2019 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.42 No.4

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is characterized by reproductive failure in sows and respiratory distress in all age pigs. Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is a disease caused by opportunistic bacterial infection secondary to a weakened immune system by a preceding respiratory infection. In this study, we tried to compare the immune responses in PRRS and PRDC groups to clearly characterize the disease severity. Eighty-five pigs were infected with various Korean field PRRS virus strains. Infected animals were classified into PRRS (n=32) and PRDC (n=53) groups based on lung lesions such as interstitial pneumonia, suppurative pneumonia, and pleuropneumonia. The immune cell population of bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BALc) was evaluated on 14 and 28 days post infection (dpi) and PMBC cytokine expression was measured on 0, 3, 7, 14 dpi to investigate early inflammatory reactions. Pulmonary lesion severity was negatively correlated with alveolar macrophage (AM) in both PRRS and PRDC groups on 14 and 28 dpi. AM in BALc was less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. AM in BALc was significantly less populated in PRDC group on 28 dpi compared to 14 dpi. In addition, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) in BALc was higher populated in PRDC group on 14 dpi and 28 dpi compared to PRRS group. In the case of PBMC cytokine TNF-α, IFN-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, FoxP3, and IL-2, the PRRS group showed higher expression than the PRDC group on 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 14 dpi, and 14 dpi, respectively. On the other hand, in the case of IFN-β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, and IL-17, the PRDC group showed higher PBMC cytokine expression at 14 dpi, 7 dpi, 14 dpi, 3 dpi, and 3 dpi, respectively, than the PRRS group. Based on these results, our study could characterize differential immune responses in pigs with PRRS or PRDC.

Adiponectin is a negative regulator of NK cell cytotoxicity.

Kim, Kun-Yong,Kim, Jae Kwang,Han, Seung Hyun,Lim, Jong-Seok,Kim, Keun Il,Cho, Dae Ho,Lee, Myeong-Sok,Lee, Jeong-Hyung,Yoon, Do-Young,Yoon, Suk Ran,Chung, Jin Woong,Choi, Inpyo,Kim, Eunjoon,Yang, Young American Association of Immunologists 2006 Journal of Immunology Vol.176 No.10

<P>NK cells are a key component of innate immune systems, and their activity is regulated by cytokines and hormones. Adiponectin, which is secreted from white adipose tissues, plays important roles in various diseases, including hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. In this study the effect of adiponectin on NK cell activity was investigated. Adiponectin was found to suppress the IL-2-enhanced cytotoxic activity of NK cells without affecting basal NK cell cytotoxicity and to inhibit IL-2-induced NF-kappaB activation via activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase, indicating that it suppresses IL-2-enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity through the AMP-activated protein kinase-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. IFN-gamma enhances NK cell cytotoxicity by causing an increase in the levels of expression of TRAIL and Fas ligand. The production of IFN-gamma, one of the NF-kappaB target genes in NK cells, was also found to be suppressed by adiponectin, accompanied by the subsequent down-regulation of IFN-gamma-inducible TRAIL and Fas ligand expression. These results clearly demonstrate that adiponectin is a potent negative regulator of IL-2-induced NK cell activation and thus may act as an in vivo regulator of anti-inflammatory functions.</P>

동절기 근권부 온도가 비모란 생장 및 품질에 미치는 영향

정명일,정봉남,김재영 한국화훼연구회 2002 화훼연구 Vol.10 No.1

접목선인장의 동계재배를 위하여 근권의 온도를 15, 20, 25, 30, 35℃로 조절한 처리구와 조절하지 않은 대조구를 두어 비모란 Sun, Pink품종을 재배하였다. 처리 6개월 후 구경, 생체중, 건물중에 있어서 Sun품종은 25℃, Pink품종은 20℃에서 가장 좋았다. 특히 비모란의 구경과 구중은 15℃ 처리와 온도처리를 하지 않은 대조구에서 낮은 경향을 보여 근권부 저온이 생육에 저해요인으로 작용하는 것으로 보였다. 대목으로 이용한 삼각주의 뿌리 생육은 25℃ 처리에서 생체중과 건물중이 높았고 15℃에서는 아주 불량하였으며, 뿌리의 활력은 20℃에서 높았다. 구색에 있어서는 Sun품종은 유의성이 인정되지 않았으며 Pink품종은 온도가 높을수록 황색화 되었다. 적색의 betacyanins 색소 함량은 온도가 높아질수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 상품의 생산율은 Sun품종은 25℃, Pink 품종은 20℃에서 높았으며 그 이상과 이하에서는 낮았다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 정식초기에는 25℃로 관리하여 발근을 촉진시킨 후 출하기까지 20℃로 관리하면 생육을 촉진시킬 수 있으며 겨울철에도 정상적인 생산이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. Abstract. In order to observe the possibility of winter season production of G. mihanovichii cvs., Sun and Pink were cultivated under temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35℃, and under conventional cultivation method for comparison. Increasement of the diameter, fresh and dry weight of globes was best at 25℃ in cv. Sun, and at 20℃ in cv. Pink. Especially, globe diameter and fresh weight were bad at 15℃ and in conventional cultivation method. From the results it was determined that low temperature around root-zone greatly affect the growth of globes. Root fresh and dry weight of Heoylocereus trigonus used for stock plants showed good at 25℃ and bad at 15℃, but its activity was highest at 20℃. Color did not show any statistical significance in various temperature, but 'Pink' showed tendency of turning yellow by increasing the temperature. Quality and productivity was good at 20℃ and 25℃, and was bad at below those temperature. From the results it was concluded that if G. mihanovichii were cultivated for rooting at 25℃ in early planting period and were maintained to activating growth at 20℃ until marketing time, regular production of G. mihanovichii in winter season would be possible.

A New Pink and Black Graft Cactus (Gymnocalycium mihanovichii) Cultivar "Suyeon"

Myeong Il Jeong,Bong Nam Chung,Pil Man Park,Won Hee Kim,Eun Kyung Lee,Jae Yeong Kim 한국육종학회 2007 한국육종학회지 Vol.39 No.3

A new graft cactus (Gymnocalycium mihanovichii) cultivar ‘Suyeon’ was developed from a cross between two pink with black breeding lines ‘9603010’ and ‘9603026’, by line selection at the National Horticultural Research Institute, Rural Development Administration in 2005. It was developed with the aim of breeding a cultivar showing vigorous growth and multiple colors. A line ‘9603010’ was derived from a cross between a black line and a pink line. Investigation into characteristics was conducted three times from 2003 to 2005. The color of both body and tubercle was pink with black. The shape of the globe was round and it had 7 to 9 deep ribs. The spine was short and straight, and its color was brown. Growth was retarded compared to a comparative cultivar ‘Ojack’, on the other hand, showed good propagation capability, setting 11 tubercles per globe. Characteristics of the cultivar could be maintained by vegetative propagation. Growers should take care to protect them from strong sun light and virus infection.

Growth Characteristics of Landscaping Trees by Container Size in Production of Standard Size

Myeong Il Jeong,Na Ra Jeong,Seung Won Han,Jae Soon Kim 한국인간·식물·환경학회 2017 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.5

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of container size on growth of Zelkova serrata, Acer palmatum, Crataegus pinnatifida, Pinus densiflora, Chionanthus retusus, Ilex serrata, Viburnum erosum, and Hibiscus syriacus in container. This study used 22 L, 38 L, and 52 L container and measured seedling height, root collar diameter, seeding quality index (SQI), biomass. Acer palmatum, Pinus densiflora and Ilex serrata were high in 22, Crataegus pinnatifida in 38 L, and Zelkova serrata, Chionanthus retusus, Viburnum erosum, and Hibiscus syriacus in 52 L regarding the relative growth of height and root diameter in statistical significance. The H/D ratio was fine for Zelkova serrata, Pinus densiflora, Chionanthus retusus, Ilex serrata at 22 L, Acer palmatum and Crataegus pinnatifida for 38 L, and Viburnum erosum and Hibiscus syriacus for 52 L. Seeding Weight of Acer palmatum, Pinus densiflora was heavy at 22 L. Chionanthus retusus, Ilex serrata, Viburnum erosum, Hibiscus syriacus were heavy at 38 L, Zelkova serrata, and Crataegus pinnatifida were heavy at 52 L. Zelkova serrata, Crataegus pinnatifida, Pinus densiflora, and Ilex serrata were fine at 22 L, Acer palmatum, Chionanthus retusus, Viburnum erosum at 38 L, Hibiscus syriacus at 52 L about T/R ratio. For SQI, Acer palmatum, and Pinus densiflora were high in 22 L, Chionanthus retusus, Ilex serrata, and Viburnum erosum in 38 L, Zelkova serrata, Crataegus pinnatifida, and Hibiscus syriacus in 52 L. Seedling quality was considered to be appropriate when the growth was balanced between the above and below ground. As a result, it is effective to cultivate Acer palmatum and Pinus densiflora at 22 L, Chionanthus retusus, Ilex serrata, and Viburnum erosum at 38 L, and Zelkova serrata, Crataegus pinnatifida, and Hibiscus syriacus at 52 L.

A New Pink Graft Cactus (Gymnocalycium mihanovichii × G. marsoneri × mihanovichii) Cultivar “Yeonsim”

Myeong Il Jeong(정명일),Pil Man Park(박필만),Bong Nam Chung(정봉남),Won Hee Kim(김원희),Eun Kyung Lee(이은경),Jae Yeong Kim(김재영) 한국원예학회 2007 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2007 No.6

A New Yellow Graft Cactus (Gymnocalycium marsoneri × mihanovichii × G. mihanovichii) Cultivar “Hwangjo”

Myeong Il Jeong(정명일),Pil Man Park(박필만),Bong Nam Chung(정봉남),Eun Kyung Lee(이은경),Won Hee Kim(김원희),Jae Yeong Kim(김재영) 한국원예학회 2007 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2007 No.6

A New Yellow Graft Cactus (Chamaecereus silvestrii) Cultivar, "Doldol" with Cristate Shape

Myeong Il Jeong,Bong Nam Chung,Young Ran Lee,Chang Seok Bang,Jae Yeong Kim,Jong Hyang Bae 한국육종학회 2006 한국육종학회지 Vol.38 No.2

A new graft cactus Chamaecereus silvestrii cultivar “Doldol” was developed from a cross between C. silvestrii cv. “Bosong” and C. silvestrii breeding line “ICS07” by in vitro grafting and line selection at National Horticultural Research Institute, Rural

A New Black and Pink Color Grafting Cactus (Gymnocalycium mihanovichii) Cultivar, "Ojak"

Myeong Il Jeong,Bong Nam Chung,Jae Yeong Kim 한국육종학회 2004 한국육종학회지 Vol.36 No.2

A new grafting cactus (Gymnocalycium mihanovichii) cultivar ‘Ojak’ was developed by the National Horticultural Research Institute, Rural Development Administration in 1999. Total of 500 seeds produced from crossing between ‘IG9319’ and ‘IG93102’ were sown