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Muhammad Yasir,Haji Khan,Syed Sikander Azam,Amar Telke,Seon Won Kim,Young Ryun Chung 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.3
In the vermicomposting of paper mill sludge, the activity of earthworms is very dependent on dietetic polysaccharides including cellulose as energy sources. Most of these polymers are degraded by the host microbiota and considered potentially important source for cellulolytic enzymes. In the present study, a metagenomic library was constructed from vermicompost (VC) prepared with paper mill sludge and dairy sludge (fresh sludge, FS) and functionally screened for cellulolytic activities. Eighteen cellulase expressing clones were isolated from about 89,000 fosmid clones libraries. A short fragment library was constructed from the most active positive clone (cMGL504) and one open reading frame (ORF) of 1,092 bp encoding an endo-β-1,4-glucanase was indentified which showed 88% similarity with Cellvibrio mixtus cellulase A gene. The endo-β-1,4-glucanase cmgl504 gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant cmgl504 cellulase displayed activities at a broad range of temperature (25–55°C) and pH (5.5–8.5). The enzyme degraded carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with 15.4 U, while having low activity against avicel. No detectable activity was found for xylan and laminarin. The enzyme activity was stimulated by potassium chloride. The deduced protein and three-dimensional structure of metagenomederived cellulase cmgl504 possessed all features, including general architecture, signature motifs, and N-terminal signal peptide, followed by the catalytic domain of cellulase belonging to glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (GHF5). The cellulases cloned in this work may play important roles in the degradation of celluloses in vermicomposting process and could be exploited for industrial application in future.
Muhammad Yasir Khalid,Ans Al Rashid,Zulkarnain Abbas,Naveed Akram,Zia Ullah Arif,Fausto Pedro Garcia Marquez 한국고분자학회 2021 폴리머 Vol.45 No.3
The improvement in mechanical properties of biodegradable and sustainable materials like natural fibers turns out to be exceptionally appealing from the financial and biological perspectives. This is achieved by hybridization technique in which different fiber orientations can be adjusted in various arrangements providing variety in its properties. In this study, the authors used different natural fibers in hybridization with glass fibers. The tensile strength of varying glass/sisal and glass/jute contents within the composites were compared. Besides, the effect of hybridization was analyzed. Results revealed that all hybrid composites show low tensile strength as compared to the non-hybrid composites. However, in hybrid composites, the laminate containing a single layer of sisal fiber has shown almost the same tensile strength as non-hybrid composites. Based on results, it is suggested that flax is an appropriate natural fiber to replace E-glass for applications requiring similar strength.
Dengue Virus Serotypes Circulating in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan, 2013-2015
Muhammad Suleman,Rani Faryal,Muhammad Masroor Alam,Salmaan Sharif,Shahzad Shaukat,Uzma Bashir Aamir,Adnan Khurshid,Mehar Angez,Massab Umair,Mian Muhammad Sufian,Yasir Arshad,Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi 대한진단검사의학회 2017 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.37 No.2
From 2013 to 2015, the National Institute of Health, Pakistan, received 1,270 blood samples of suspected dengue cases reported from inpatient and outpatient departments of various hospitals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province. In this study, we determined the circulating dengue virus (DENV) serotypes using real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR to understand the serotype-based epidemiology of DENV. All four serotypes (DENV-1 [6%], DENV-2 [33%], DENV-3 [47%], and DENV-4 [0.1%]) were found circulating during the study period. Our findings suggest the need for an active surveillance system coupled with the laboratory diagnosis, especially in the chronic endemic areas of the country. Public awareness programs are needed for effective control and prevention of outbreaks in the future.
Muhammad Yasir Mehboob,Riaz Hussain,Zobia Irshad,Muhammad Adnan 대한화학회 2021 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.42 No.4
Efficient hole transport materials for solar cell applications are gained huge intension of every scientist. Hole transport materials play a dominant role in solar cells as they provide high power conversion efficiency along with low cost, less toxic, and easy synthesis routs. Motivates from valuable literature, here efforts are being made to designed new novel hole transport materials for solar cell applications. Five new and highly efficient hole transport molecules (BT1–BT5) are designed after end-capped donor modifications of recently synthesized B3 (R) molecule. The photovoltaic, optoelectronic, and structural-property relationship of all designed molecules are extensively studied while using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory at MPW1PW91/6-31G(d,p) basis set. Low reorganizational energy of hole is observed in all designed molecules as compared to reference molecule which suggested that designed molecules have high hole mobility as compared to R molecule. Red-shifting in absorption spectrum of designed molecules (as compared to reference molecule) is also seen which offer high power conversion efficiency and high excited highest occupied molecular orbital to lowest unoccupied molecular orbital charge shifting. Low binding and excitation energies are observed in designed molecules. Molecular electrostatic potential, transition density matrix, hole–electron overlap as heat map, open circuit voltage, density of states, and complex study of BT5:PC61BM is also performed for all studied molecule. After all analysis, we believed that our theoretical designed molecules are superior to R molecule, thus we recommend these molecules to experimentalist for future development of highly-efficient solar cells.
Effect of Pile Height on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Woven Spacer Composites
Muhammad Umair,Syed Talha Ali Hamdani,Yasir Nawab,Muhammad Ayub Asghar,Tanveer Hussain,Abdelghani Saouab 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.6
Three-dimensional (3D) woven spacer fabric is produced by connecting two woven fabric layers with the verticalpile yarns in the center part. Their composites have great potential for use in construction, automotive, marine, and aerospaceapplications due to outstanding mechanical properties. In this paper, 3D woven spacer fabrics with three thickness levels(4 mm, 10 mm and 20 mm) made of E-glass fibre, were used. Then 3D woven spacer fabrics were fabricated into theircorresponding composites by hand lay-up technique using green epoxy resin. Characterization was done at both stages i.e. fabric and composite. Bending length and modulus of 3D woven spacer fabrics were decreased while the stiffness of thefabric was increased with increase in sample thickness. While in 3D woven spacer composites, 20 mm thick composite wasmore needle penetration resistant as compared to the 10 mm and 4 mm thick composites. Flexural and slow velocity impactperformance of the 3D woven spacer composites was reduced with the increase of sample thickness. Flexural behaviour wasbetter in weft direction as compared to the warp direction in all samples. Furthermore, 4 mm thick composite showed thehighest value of energy absorbed and least deformation during the drop weight impact test.
Muhammad Yasir Khalid,Zia Ullah Arif,Ans Al Rashid 한국정밀공학회 2022 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.9 No.5
Green composites can reduce the use of synthetic fibers in many applications. The motivation behind the fabrication of green composites is their excellent biodegradability and recyclability. However, fundamental issues related to green composites are their inferior mechanical properties and the reinforcement’s hydrophilic nature. This paper presents the hand layup technique to produce green composites containing different ratios of synthetic fiber (E-glass) and natural fiber (Jute). The mechanical properties were characterized as per ASTM standards. The impact strength was also investigated for different impact energies. In addition to this, the numerical simulations using ABAQUS were performed. The experimental results for tensile and flexural results were compared and validated with finite element analysis (FEA) results. An error of nearly 4% was observed between the numerical and experimental results. The microscopic analysis of fractured tensile specimens indicated that more pull out of jute fabric in high jute weight percentage composites was the leading cause of its lower tensile strength.
Chitinophaga eiseniae sp. nov., isolated from vermicompost.
Yasir, Muhammad,Chung, Eu Jin,Song, Geun Cheol,Bibi, Fehmida,Jeon, Che Ok,Chung, Young Ryun Society for General Microbiology 2011 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.61 No.10
<P>A Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strain, YC6729(T), was isolated from vermicompost collected at Masan, Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Strain YC6729(T) grew optimally at 30 °C and at pH 6.5-8.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YC6729(T) belongs to the genus Chitinophaga in the family Chitinophagaceae. It was related most closely to Chitinophaga terrae KP01(T) (96.4???% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Chitinophaga ginsengisegetis Gsoil 040(T) (96.1???%), Chitinophaga arvensicola IAM 12650(T) (96.1???%) and Chitinophaga pinensis DSM 2588(T) (93.3???%). Strain YC6729(T) contained MK-7 as the major menaquinone and homospermidine as the major polyamine. The fatty acids of strain YC6729(T) were iso-C(15???:???0), C(16???:???1)??5c, iso-C(17???:???0) 3-OH, C(16???:???0), anteiso-C(18???:???0) and/or C(18???:???2)??6,9c, iso-C(15???:???0) 2-OH and/or C(16???:???1)??7c, C(14???:???0), iso-C(15???:???0) 3-OH, iso-C(15???:???1) G, C(18???:???1)??5c, iso-C(15???:???1) I and/or C(13???:???0) 3-OH, C(13???:???0) 2-OH, C(16???:???0) 3-OH and unknown fatty acid ECL 13.565. The polar lipid profile contained phosphatidylethanolamine, unknown aminolipids and unknown lipids. The total DNA G+C content of strain YC6729(T) was 48.9 mol%. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data showed that strain YC6729(T) represents a novel species of the genus Chitinophaga, for which the name Chitinophaga eiseniae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC6729(T) (???=???KACC 13774(T) ???=???DSM 22224(T)).</P>