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Utilizing OpenFlow and sFlow to Detect and Mitigate SYN Flooding Attack
Nugraha, Muhammad,Paramita, Isyana,Musa, Ardiansyah,Choi, Deokjai,Cho, Buseung Korea Multimedia Society 2014 멀티미디어학회논문지 Vol.17 No.8
Software Defined Network (SDN) is a new technology in computer network area which enables user to centralize control plane. The security issue is important in computer network to protect system from attackers. SYN flooding attack is one of Distributed Denial of Service attack methods which are popular to degrade availability of targeted service on Internet. There are many methods to protect system from attackers, i.e. firewall and IDS. Even though firewall is designed to protect network system, but it cannot mitigate DDoS attack well because it is not designed to do so. To improve performance of DDOS mitigation we utilize another mechanism by using SDN technology such as OpenFlow and sFlow. The methodology of sFlow to detect attacker is by capturing and sum cumulative traffic from each agent to send to sFlow collector to analyze. When sFlow collector detect some traffics as attacker, OpenFlow controller will modify the rule in OpenFlow table to mitigate attacks by blocking attack traffic. Hence, by combining sum cumulative traffic use sFlow and blocking traffic use OpenFlow we can detect and mitigate SYN flooding attack quickly and cheaply.
Significant Motion-Based Adaptive Sampling Module for Mobile Sensing Framework
( Muhammad Fiqri Muthohar ),( I Gde Dharma Nugraha ),( Deokjai Choi ) 한국정보처리학회 2018 Journal of information processing systems Vol.14 No.4
Many mobile sensing frameworks have been developed to help researcher doing their mobile sensing research. However, energy consumption is still an issue in the mobile sensing research, and the existing frameworks do not provide enough solution for solving the issue. We have surveyed several mobile sensing frameworks and carefully chose one framework to improve. We have designed an adaptive sampling module for a mobile sensing framework to help solve the energy consumption issue. However, in this study, we limit our design to an adaptive sampling module for the location and motion sensors. In our adaptive sampling module, we utilize the significant motion sensor to help the adaptive sampling. We experimented with two sampling strategies that utilized the significant motion sensor to achieve low-power consumption during the continuous sampling. The first strategy is to utilize the sensor naively only while the second one is to add the duty cycle to the naive approach. We show that both strategies achieve low energy consumption, but the one that is combined with the duty cycle achieves better result.
Multi-node Wireless Sensor Networking System on LED Lamp Fitting Application
Muhammad Wicaksono,Ramdhan Nugraha,Daniar Estu Widiyanti,Soo Young Shin 한국통신학회 2021 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.6
In this paper, simple moving average (SMA) algorithm is applied on smart light emitting diode (LED) for power lighting consumption monitoring of a building. Simple moving average algorithm is used for smoothing current sensor data fluctuations. Combine with fuzzy logic controller (FLC) method with smart LED to reduce the power consumption, FLC is used to assist controlling the intensity of light inside the building. Input for FLC are light intensity and human movement inside the building. In this condition the power consumption is controlled and monitored. Real experiment has been performed under proposed algorithm. The experimental result shows that the power consumption of smart LED can be saved up to 55.95% with the error rate 5%.
Smart Lighting based Fuzzy Logic Controller to Reduce Energy Consumption
Ramdhan Nugraha,Daniar Estu Widiyanti,Muhammad Wicaksono,Soo Young Shin 한국통신학회 2021 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.6
The use of electrical energy for offices is quite burdening the company's cash flow. In addition, inadequate lighting levels will reduce the quality of our eye vision. In this work, the fuzzy logic controller is used to reduce energy consumption. The work system is used to detect human movement and light intensity. If movement is detected in a location, the surrounding lights will light up according to the desired light intensity. In the same room, not all lights are on, only in areas that detect human movement. This system is integrated with the Internet of Things so that electric power can be monitored and predicted in the future. The tests that have been carried out resulted in savings in electrical energy of 50.7 % from the previous month.
Multi-node Wireless Sensor Networking System on LED Lamp Fitting Application
Daniar Estu Widiyanti,Ramdhan Nugraha,Muhammad Wicaksono,Soo Young Shin 한국통신학회 2021 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.6
Electricity is the most essential energy in the world. In general, all devices and tools that are used for productive purposes require electricity as a power source. Lighting is one of the factors contributing to the increased demand for electricity; thus, this research proposed a technology that can save electricity while remaining efficient and can be monitored from anywhere. Using Internet of Things (IoT) concept, monitoring can be done easily from an application. Latency, jitter and throughput are used for testing each node as testing parameters. Result shown that the smallest latency value is 28,2312ms, smallest jitter testing is 4,7952ms and the smallest throughput is 9,781ms.
Electrospun Porous Polylactic Acid Fibers Containing CdS for Degradation of Methylene Blue
Chit Seng Ho,Nur Hafizah Zainal Abidin,Muhammad Wahyu Nugraha,Nonni Soraya Sambudi,Fathilah Ali,MOHD Dzul Hakim Wirzal,Laksmi Dewi Kasmiarno,Sarah Amalina Adli 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.6
The immobilization of photocatalyst in polymer fibers has been found to improve photodegradation of dye andrecyclability of material. In this study, porous polylactic acid (PLA) fibers were utilized as photocatalyst support usingelectrospinning technique to synthesis the fibers. The cadmium sulfide (CdS) was embedded in fibers at the amount of1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt% as photocatalyst agent with absorption in visible light range. The electrospun fibers experiencedincreasing in diameter for 2.6 times (from 175 nm to 450 nm), due to incorporation of CdS. The synthesized CdS has bandgap of 2.35 eV, and its presence in composite fibers can be detected by using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-raydiffraction (XRD) analyses. The photodegradation was performed under low-powered halogen lamp, with 90 % removal ofmethylene blue (MB) after 10 hours of irradiation using CdS(3 wt%)/PLA fibers. This result shows higher performance incomparison with PLA and CdS which could only remove 57 % and 65 % of MB, respectively. The recyclability of compositewas tested with satisfying performance; with around 60 % of MB removal was maintained after five times of recycleexperiments.
A progress review on the modification of CZTS(e)-based thin-film solar cells
Harbi Setyo Nugroho,Gema Refantero,Ni Luh Wulan Septiani,Muhammad Iqbal,Septhian Marno,Huda Abdullah,Eka Cahya Prima,Nugraha,Brian Yuliarto 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.105 No.-
The increasing demand for energy in recent decades due to rapid industrial and population growth hasresulted in a heavy dependence on non-renewable energy which leads to environmental problems. Solar energy has emerged as a promising candidate for renewable energy because its sources are unlimitedand do not produce pollutants that damage the environment. Among the different kind of solar cells,CZTS(e) solar cells have the advantage of reaching the Shockley–Queisser limit (SQL) of 30.9% with lowproduction costs, non-toxicity, and abundance of constituent elements. However, the current performanceof CZTS(e) solar cells is still below the commercial performance standard of at least 20%. Thisreview comprehensively addresses the limiting factors that prevent CZTS(e) solar cells from achievingcommercial grade performance. The phenomenon behind the problem will be independently highlightedand explained how it affects performance. Then, various solving methods specific to each problem thathave been carried out during the manufacturing process will be discussed. At the end of this review article,a comprehensive summary and view of the possible future prospects for the manufacture of highefficiencyCZTS(e) solar cells are provided.
( Lita Meilina ),( Sri Budiarti ),( Apon Zaenal Mustopa ),( Huda Shalahudin Darusman ),( Lita Triratna ),( Muhammad Ajietuta Nugraha ),( Muhammad Sabiq Bilhaq ),( Ratih Asmana Ningrum ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.49 No.1
Type I Interferons (IFNα) are known for their role as biological anticancer agents owing to their cell-apoptosis inducing properties. Development of an appropriate, cost-effective host expression system is crucial for meeting the increasing demand for proteins. Therefore, this study aims to develop codon-optimized IFNα-2b in L. lactis NZ3900. These cells express extracellular protein using the NICE system and Usp<sub>45</sub> signal peptide. To validate the mature form of the expressed protein, the recombinant IFNα-2b was screened in a human colorectal cancer cell line using the cytotoxicity assay. The IFNα-2b was successfully cloned into the pNZ8148 vector, thereby generating recombinant L. lactis pNZ8148-SPU<sub>sp45</sub>-IFNα-2b. The computational analysis of codon-optimized IFNα-2b revealed no mutation and amino acid changes; additionally, the codon-optimized IFNα-2b showed 100% similarity with native human IFNα-2b, in the BLAST analysis. The partial size exclusion chromatography (SEC) of extracellular protein yielded a 19 kDa protein, which was further confirmed by its positive binding to anti-IFNα-2b in the western blot analysis. The crude protein and SEC-purified partial fraction showed IC<sub>50</sub> values of 33.22 μg/ml and 127.2 μg/ml, respectively, which indicated better activity than the metabolites of L. lactis NZ3900 (231.8 μg/ml). These values were also comparable with those of the regular anticancer drug tamoxifen (105.5 μg/ml). These results demonstrated L. lactis as a promising host system that functions by utilizing the pNZ8148 NICE system. Meanwhile, codon-optimized usage of the inserted gene increased the optimal protein expression levels, which could be beneficial for its large-scale production. Taken together, the recombinant L. lactis IFNα-2b is a potential alternative treatment for colorectal cancer. Furthermore, its activity was analyzed in the WiDr cell line, to assess its colorectal anticancer activities in vivo.