An Overview about Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Short Communication

Mudasir Maqbool,Mehrukh Zehravi,Rubeena Maqbool,Irfat Ara 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.3

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has become one of the major public health problems for both mothers and children globally. Internationally, the frequency of excess weight and obesity has risen dramatically in women of childbearing age. There seems to be a greater risk of having GDM in overweight or obese women, resulting in problems during pregnancy, birth and neonatal development. Hospital management is a problem for obese pregnant females with GDM and places extra burdens on the healthcare sector. GDM can result in possible risks to the wellbeing of the mother, fetus, and infant, as well as clinically significant negative effects on the mental health of the mother. For females and their developing babies, diabetes may cause problems during pregnancy. Unsatisfactory diabetes control enhances the risk of complications and other birth related issues during pregnancy. It may also cause a woman to suffer severe complications. Numerous maternal and fetal effects are associated with GDM and multiple detection and management methods are also pursued globally in order to reduce the burden of health. An overview of gestational diabetes treatment is given in this review.

Islamic political parties and the nature of politics in Pakistan

Mudasir Nazar 서울대학교행정대학원 2016 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.24 No.2

The ‘war on terror’ has not only increased the operation and significance of Islamic parties but also intensified suspicion against them. The lack of comprehensive theoretical research about Islamic parties has further contributed to misunderstanding of their nature and politics. This article theorizes and classifies Islamic parties, especially of Pakistan, and explores their origin, development and nature. The conventional theories of party origin and traditional classifications of political parties are shown to have limited validity in the case of Islamic parties. Rather, the origin and development of Islamic parties is explored through the theoretical construct of historical crisis situation theory, consisting of four crisis situations. Moreover, a new typology of Islamic parties is developed and the Islamic parties are classified on the basis of six variables into three parties: clerical, conservative and Islamist. The exploration of the role of Islamic parties in Pakistan shows that party variables are not only essential to understand their proper nature but also critical to comprehend their politics. Though unanimously categorized as ‘Islamic’, their politics significantly differ and Pakistan provides a typical case to show the heterogeneous Islamic politics of Islamic parties.

Study of adverse drug reactions in pulmonary medicine department of a Tertiary care hospital, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India

Maqbool, Mudasir,Zehravi, Mehrukh,Maqbool, Rubeena,Ara, Irfat Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.2

Background: ADRs (adverse drug reactions) are becoming a vital aspect of patient care and assessment. ADRs account for about 2% of all hospitalizations, according to the incidence rate. Medications with a narrow therapeutic index need ADR control rather than others. ADR research is required to determine the prevalence of ADRs in medical inpatients, estimate the impact of ADRs to hospital admissions, classify the types of ADRs found, identify possibly contributing risk factors, as well as estimate the costs of ADRs in terms of ADR-related excess stay in the hospital. For several years, theophylline has been used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Theophylline-related adverse events (ADRs) were found to be 4.71 percent of the time, with nausea, anorexia (loss of appetite), and palpitation being the most common. Objective: The main objective of the study was to study adverse drug reactions in pulmonary medicine department of a Tertiary care hospital, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. Methodology: For an eight-month period, a prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the pulmonary medicine department of a Tertiary care hospital in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. ADRs that occurred in the ward were closely tracked, and the collected reports were analyzed for demographic profile, type of ADRs, ADR occurrence and drug causing ADR, severity assessment, and ADR management. Results: During the study period, 420 patients' records were obtained from the pulmonary medicine department of a Tertiary care hospital. ADRs were registered in 60 of the patients. The demographics of ADR patients were analyzed, and it was discovered that the prevalence of ADR was highest in the age group of 50-59 years (21 out of 60) and lowest in the age group of <=19 years. The therapeutic drug groups most often involved in ADRs were investigated. The most common culprits among the medications are first-line TB drugs, which account for 21(35%) ADRs, corticosteroids, which account for 9 (15%) ADRs and other drugs used for different indications, such as ipratropium, furosemide, tramadol, and so on, which account for 30 (50%) ADRs. Hepatitis, loss of appetite, nausea, and vertigo were the most widely recorded ADRs in this study. Conclusion: ADRs are more prevalent in the elderly, and first-line TB drugs are more often implicated. The majority of the reactions were moderate. As a result, early identification, assessment, and control of ADRs are critical for reducing patient harm and improving public health.

ON APPLICATIONS OF GENERALIZED F-CONTRACTION TO DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Younis Mudasir,Singh Deepak,Gopal Dhananjay,Goyal Anil,Rathore Mahendra Singh 경남대학교 수학교육과 2019 Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications Vol.24 No.1

In the present work, we introduce the new concept of a generalization of Ger- aghty type F-Berinde contraction mappings and establish certain existence results for such mappings. Some examples will embellish the results, for the same computer simulation is done. Our examples involve a series of complicated structured functions which cannot be treated by classical fixed point methods. Our findings extend, unify and enrich a multitude results in the existing literature. As an application, we apply our abstract results to establish the existence of solution of differential equations of first and second order to exhibit the po- tency and viability of our results. At the end, as an open problem, we suggest storekeeper’s control problem in terms of Volterra integral equation whose solution may be procured from the established results.

Comparison of different classes of drugs for Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS): A brief communication

Malik, Jonaid Ahmad,Maqbool, Mudasir,Hajam, Tawseef Ahmad,Khan, Muhammad Abrar,Zehravi, Mehrukh Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.2

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a class of conditions consisting of NSTEMI (non-ST-elevated myocardial infarction), STEMI (ST-elevated myocardial infarction), unstable angina, ranging from myocardial ischaemic states, as well as there is usually a mismatch with respect to both blood supply and blood demand marked by chest pain. Indian patients with ACS have a higher STEMI score than patients of established countries'. Since most of these patients were poor, they were less likely to receive adequate therapy and had a higher death rate of 30 days. In India, ACS patients appear to be young from low socioeconomic backgrounds and have higher ST-elevated MI ratesthan do patients of established countries'. In India, patients get late medical treatment and inadequate access to proven therapies. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, cigarette use and a family history of atherosclerotic disease are important risk factors attributed to ACS. Most of the general therapy for ACS focuses on reducing myocardial ischemia and pain suppression. Because of the time dependence of the condition, the onset of signs and arrival at the hospital for the treatment of ACS is very important. This time gap between the onset of symptoms and hospital appearance is larger in India relative to western countries. This paper will concentrate on ACS management and a brief on comparative study of various groups of drugs available with regard to clinical trials and guidelines, respectively.

Pharmacokinetics of amikacin in plasma of healthy goats after intravenous injection once daily for three days

Naseem, Sania,Sultana, Mudasir,Raina, Rajinder,Pankaj, Nrip Kishore,Verma, Pawan Kumar,Nasir, Nasir Ahmad,Ahanger, Azad Ahmad,Rahman, Shafiqur,Prawez, Shahid The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2011 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.51 No.4

Amikacin is a semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin and primarily active against aerobic Gram-negative-pathogens with limited activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Meager study was reported on pharmacokinetic data on multi-days administration of amikacin. Hence, pharmacokinetics study was done in five clinically healthy goats (n = 5), after intravenous bolus injection of amikacin sulfate at the dose rate of 10 mg/kg body weight daily for three consecutive days. The amikacin concentrations in plasma and pharmacokinetics-parameters were analyzed by using microbiological assay technique and noncompartmental open-model, respectively. The mean peak plasma concentrations (Mean ${\pm}$ SD) of amikacin at time zero ($Cp^{0}$) was $114.19{\pm}20.78$ and $128.67{\pm}14.37{\mu}g/mL$, on day 1st and 3rd, respectively. The mean elimination half-life ($t_{1/2}ke$) was $1.00{\pm}0.28h$ on day 1st and $1.22{\pm}0.29h$ on day 3rd. Mean of area under concentration-time curve ($AUC_{0{\rightarrow}{\infty}}$) was $158.26{\pm}60.10$ and $159.70{\pm}22.74{\mu}g.h/mL$, on day 1st and 3rd respectively. The total body clearance ($Cl_{B}$) and volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) on day 1st and 3rd were $Cl_{B}=0.07{\pm}0.02$ and $0.06{\pm}0.01L/h.kg$ and $Vdss=0.10{\pm}0.03$ and $0.11{\pm}0.05L/kg$, respectively. No-significant difference was noted in both drug-plasma concentration and pharmacokinetics-parameters, respectively. Amikacin concentration in plasma was found higher up-to 4 h and 6 h onward on down-ward trends favour to reduce toxicity. Which also support the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic way of dosing of aminoglycosides and hence, amikacin may be administered 10 mg/kg intravenously daily to treat principally Gram-negative pathogens and limitedly Gram-positive-pathogens.

An In sight into Novel Drug Delivery System: In Situ Gels

Bashir, Rabiah,Maqbool, Mudasir,Ara, Irfat,Zehravi, Mehrukh Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.1

In situ gelling devices, as they enter the body, are dosage forms in the shape of the sol but turn into gel types under physiological circumstances. Transition from sol to gel is contingent on one or a mixture of diverse stimuli, such as transition of pH control of temperature, irradiation by UV, by the occurrence of certain ions or molecules. Such characteristic features may be commonly employed in drug delivery systems for the production of bioactive molecules for continuous delivery vehicles. The technique of in situ gelling has been shown to be impactful in enhancing the potency of local or systemic drugs supplied by non-parenteral pathways, increasing their period of residence at the absorption site. Formulation efficacy is further improved with the use of mucoadhesive agents or the use of polymers with both in situ gelling properties and the ability to bind with the mucosa/mucus. The most popular and common approach in recent years has provided by the use of polymers with different in situ gelation mechanisms for synergistic action between polymers in the same formulation. In situ gelling medicine systems in recent decades have received considerable interest. Until administration, it is in a sol-zone and is able to form gels in response to various endogenous factors, for e.g elevated temperature, pH changes and ions. Such systems can be used in various ways for local or systemic supply of drugs and successfully also as vehicles for drug-induced nano- and micro-particles. In this review we will discuss about various aspects about use of these in situ gels as novel drug delivery systems.

Microwave Radiation-Assisted Chitin Deacetylation: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Iqmal Tahir,Karna Wijaya,Mudasir,Dita Krismayanti,Aldino Javier Saviola,Roswanira Abdul Wahab,Amalia Kurnia Amin,Wahyu Dita Saputri,Remi Ayu Pratika 한국재료학회 2024 한국재료학회지 Vol.34 No.2

The optimization of deacetylation process parameters for producing chitosan from isolated chitin shrimp shell waste was investigated using response surface methodology with central composite design (RSM-CCD). Three independent variables viz, NaOH concentration (X1), radiation power (X2), and reaction time (X3) were examined to determine their respective effects on the degree of deacetylation (DD). The DD of chitosan was also calculated using the baseline approach of the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of the yields. RSM-CCD analysis showed that the optimal chitosan DD value of 96.45 % was obtained at an optimized condition of 63.41 % (w/v) NaOH concentration, 227.28 W radiation power, and 3.34 min deacetylation reaction. The DD was strongly controlled by NaOH concentration, irradiation power, and reaction duration. The coefficients of correlation were 0.257, 0.680, and 0.390, respectively. Because the procedure used microwave radiation absorption, radiation power had a substantial correlation of 0.600~0.800 compared to the two low variables, which were 0.200~0.400. This independently predicted robust quadratic model interaction has been validated for predicting the DD of chitin.

COVID-19: An overview of current scenario

Malik, Jonaid Ahmad,Maqbool, Mudasir Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2020 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.10 No.3

Over a span of few decades, the world has seen the emergence of new viruses that have posed serious problems to global health .COVID-19 is a major pathogenic threat to the modern world that primarily shoots the respiratory system of human beings. Wuhan which is the capital city of Hubei, China was the first place in the world where first cases of COVID-19 emerged and the scores of cases significantly increased at an immense rate leading to city isolation and establishment of new specially designed hospitals. SARS-CoV had emerged from bats in china (2002) and MERS-CoV from camels transmitted via bats in Middle East (2012) where the previous versions of COVID-19 took place. Infections with SARS-CoV-2 are now widespread, like Nuclear Chain Reaction (NRC). In this review we will discuss the COVID-19 origin, transmission, incubation, diagnosis and therapies available at the present scenario.

REtrospective Multicenter INdian Study of Derivo Embolization Device (REMIND): Periprocedural Safety

Niranjan Prakash Mahajan,Mudasir Mushtaq,Amit Bhatti,Sukalyan Purkayastha,Nitin Dange,Mathew Cherian,Vipul Gupta,Vikram Huded 대한신경중재치료의학회 2021 Neurointervention Vol.16 No.3

Purpose: The treatment of aneurysms with characteristics such as complex morphology, fusiform, blister-like, wide neck, or large size has been revolutionized with the introduction of flow diverters. Though flow diverters have several advantages over coiling, they also have certain important disadvantages such as the lack of immediate protection against rupture, the risk of ischemic stroke, the need for antiplatelet therapy, and long latency for complete effect. The Derivo Embolization Device (DED) is a second-generation self-expanding device that is claimed to be less thrombogenic than conventional devices. We retrospectively evaluated the periprocedural safety and risks associated with the DED across 5 centers in India. Materials and Methods: This is a multicentric, retrospective, observational study of DED, conducted at 5 high volume endovascular therapy centers in India from May 2018 to June 2020. Periprocedural demographic, clinical, and angiographic data were collected from a retrospective review of patient charts. Results: A total of 96 patients, including 56 (58.3%) females, aged between 16–80 years (60±12.7 years) harboring 106 aneurysms were studied. Seven (7.3%) were noted to harbor multiple aneurysms: 6 had 3 aneurysms each, while 1 patient had 5 aneurysms. The following aneurysm characteristics were noted: average size, 9.8±8.2 mm; average neck size, 6.9±8.5 mm; wide-necked (>4 mm), 63 (59.4%); giant (>25 mm), 8 (7.5%); and anterior circulation location, 98 (92.5%). Eighteen (17%) of these were ruptured. Additional balloon angioplasty was performed in 5 (5.2%) patients. Intraprocedural problems were encountered in 3 (3.1%), of which only 1 had clinical implications, the device fish-mouthing with stent thrombosis resulting in a malignant middle cerebral artery territory infarction. The modified Rankin scale at 3 months was worse in 1 patient. Conclusion: DED is a newer generation flow diverter stent with a low periprocedural complication rate.