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Maqbool, Mudasir,Zehravi, Mehrukh,Maqbool, Rubeena,Ara, Irfat Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.2
Background: ADRs (adverse drug reactions) are becoming a vital aspect of patient care and assessment. ADRs account for about 2% of all hospitalizations, according to the incidence rate. Medications with a narrow therapeutic index need ADR control rather than others. ADR research is required to determine the prevalence of ADRs in medical inpatients, estimate the impact of ADRs to hospital admissions, classify the types of ADRs found, identify possibly contributing risk factors, as well as estimate the costs of ADRs in terms of ADR-related excess stay in the hospital. For several years, theophylline has been used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Theophylline-related adverse events (ADRs) were found to be 4.71 percent of the time, with nausea, anorexia (loss of appetite), and palpitation being the most common. Objective: The main objective of the study was to study adverse drug reactions in pulmonary medicine department of a Tertiary care hospital, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. Methodology: For an eight-month period, a prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the pulmonary medicine department of a Tertiary care hospital in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, India. ADRs that occurred in the ward were closely tracked, and the collected reports were analyzed for demographic profile, type of ADRs, ADR occurrence and drug causing ADR, severity assessment, and ADR management. Results: During the study period, 420 patients' records were obtained from the pulmonary medicine department of a Tertiary care hospital. ADRs were registered in 60 of the patients. The demographics of ADR patients were analyzed, and it was discovered that the prevalence of ADR was highest in the age group of 50-59 years (21 out of 60) and lowest in the age group of <=19 years. The therapeutic drug groups most often involved in ADRs were investigated. The most common culprits among the medications are first-line TB drugs, which account for 21(35%) ADRs, corticosteroids, which account for 9 (15%) ADRs and other drugs used for different indications, such as ipratropium, furosemide, tramadol, and so on, which account for 30 (50%) ADRs. Hepatitis, loss of appetite, nausea, and vertigo were the most widely recorded ADRs in this study. Conclusion: ADRs are more prevalent in the elderly, and first-line TB drugs are more often implicated. The majority of the reactions were moderate. As a result, early identification, assessment, and control of ADRs are critical for reducing patient harm and improving public health.
An Overview about Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Short Communication
Mudasir Maqbool,Mehrukh Zehravi,Rubeena Maqbool,Irfat Ara 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.3
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has become one of the major public health problems for both mothers and children globally. Internationally, the frequency of excess weight and obesity has risen dramatically in women of childbearing age. There seems to be a greater risk of having GDM in overweight or obese women, resulting in problems during pregnancy, birth and neonatal development. Hospital management is a problem for obese pregnant females with GDM and places extra burdens on the healthcare sector. GDM can result in possible risks to the wellbeing of the mother, fetus, and infant, as well as clinically significant negative effects on the mental health of the mother. For females and their developing babies, diabetes may cause problems during pregnancy. Unsatisfactory diabetes control enhances the risk of complications and other birth related issues during pregnancy. It may also cause a woman to suffer severe complications. Numerous maternal and fetal effects are associated with GDM and multiple detection and management methods are also pursued globally in order to reduce the burden of health. An overview of gestational diabetes treatment is given in this review.
Maqbool, Tahir,Cho, Jinwoo,Hur, Jin Elsevier 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.234 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Excitation emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) were utilized to explore the dynamics in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), soluble microbial products (SMP), and effluent for the membrane bioreactors at two different organic loading rates (OLRs). Combination of three different fluorescent components explained the compositional changes of dissolved organic matter. The lower OLR resulted in a higher production of tryptophan-like component (C1) in EPS, while the opposite trends were found for the other two components (humic-like C2 and tyrosine-like C3), signifying the role of C1 in the endogenous condition. Larger sized molecules were more greatly produced in EPS at the lower OLR. Meanwhile, all the size fractions of SMP were more abundant at the higher OLR particular for the early phase of the operation. Irrespective of the OLR, the higher degrees of the membrane retention were found for relatively large sized and protein-like molecules.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Dynamic changes of DOM were examined by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods. </LI> <LI> Dynamic changes were dependent on different organic loading rates. </LI> <LI> Tryptophan-like component in EPS relate to endogenous condition. </LI> <LI> Large sized EPS molecules are more produced at substrate-limiting condition. </LI> <LI> Protein-like and larger sized DOM showed a greater tendency of membrane retention. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Maqbool, Tahir,Cho, Jinwoo,Hur, Jin Elsevier 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.255 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Spectroscopic techniques were used to examine the subtle changes in soluble microbial products (SMP) of batch activated sludge bioreactors working at different salinities (i.e., 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% NaCl). The changes in different fluorescent constituent were tracked by excitation-emission matrix combined with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), and the sequential production was further identified by two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS). Greater enrichment of tryptophan-like component and large-sized biopolymer were found in SMP for higher saline bioreactors, suggesting the SMP sources from bound extracellular polymeric substances and excreted intercellular constituents. 2D-COS revealed the opposite sequences of the fluorescence changes in SMP between the low and the high saline bioreactors, following the order of “tyrosine-like > tryptophan-like > humic-like fluorescence” for the latter. This study clarified the dominant mechanisms involved in SMP formation during elevating salinity, which were well supported by the changes in SMP spectroscopic features, microbial activity, and organic degradation rates.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Dynamics of SMP composition at different salinity is well reflected in fluorescence. </LI> <LI> Tryptophan-like C1 was higher in SMP at elevated salinity and substrate depletion. </LI> <LI> C1/C2 ratio can be a good SMP signature for microbial response to salinity. </LI> <LI> 2D-COS revealed opposite sequences in fluorescence changes at different salinity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Effects of Digital Convergence on Contemporary Economies
Maqbool Ahmad,Sang Tae Kim,Dae Wan Kim,Hyun-Sook Ahn 한국디지털융합학회 2018 IJICTDC Vol.3 No.2
Digital convergence and its importance to contemporary economies is undeniable. What does it mean to be a digital economy? This question is a big challenge to answer digital convergence disseminates new business models and brings about substantial changes across industrial activities worldwide. Convergence is becoming as a hot issue within the Information Technology (IT) industries. Several benefits come from converging communication networks, like increased productivity, reduction of transaction costs and a valuable impact on economic growth. Digital convergence of various industries has created new business opportunities. The net benefit of digitalization on a global basis could surpass $100 trillion by 2030. Industrial digitalization and internet access are projected to experience exponential growth. The digital economy is expected to grow from 15.5% to 24.3% of the global GDP by 2025. Digital technologies' long-term return on investments is 6.7 times more than that of non-digital investments. This study provides a look at digital convergence and its economic implications.