Investigation of the April 2000 forest fire damage in Kang-won Province, Korea, using RADARSAT data

Kang, Sung Chul,Seo, Jin Won,Lee, Tae Hee,Park, Sang Eun,Hong, Suk Young,Moon, Wooil M. 대한원격탐사학회 2000 International Symposium on Remote Sensing Vol.16 No.1

The series of forest Fires in Kangwon Province in April, 2000, were one of the mast serious ones in the Kang-won Province in recent years. The fire damaged areas are extensive and this paper investigates the utility of the satellite image data, particularly the RADARSAT SAR data. One of the main objectives of this study included evaluation of potential usefulness of the C-band RADARSAT data in the detection of forest fires in mountainous areas. Among several fire damaged sites, the area near Samchuk (city) was selected as the main study area and mufti-temporal RADARSAT(raw) data were acquired and the processed results were comparatively investigated with the IRS-1c data acquired shortly after the fire. To identify the burnt area from the undamaged background in the optical imagery, supervised classification and NDVI processing were carried out and tested with the IRS-1C data. For this experiment, several sets of raw RADARSAT standard and Fine mode (S4, F3, ascending orbit) data were processed and the final image was formed. In addition to the final image, sigma nought (σ°) was catnputed and compared for the burnt area against the undamaged areas. Because of the steep slopes in the study area and subsequent deviation from the flat surface scattering models, the fire scars in the sigma nought (σ°) image were not apparent. However, fire scars are slightly detected in the difference and ratio images obtained from the signal intensity data acquired at different dates (bath before and after fire). Texture analysis of the image data including the burnt areas were carried out using the Multiplicative Markov Random-Field (MMRF) algorithm. The detection of the fire damaged area from both standard mode and fine mode RADARSAT was not as straightforward as in optical data. However, Previous studies with ERS-1 S_AR and RADARSAT data in Indonesia and in the North American Plains indicate that C-band SAR data provide us with an effective tool for studying the forest fire damages. However, the application of C-band SAR data to the analysis of the forest fire areas requires careful processing of the data with realistic scattering models.

위암에서 p53 유전자의 변이에 대한 연구

강현욱,김창진,정문석 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.2

The pathogenic mechanisms of gastric carcinoma, which is the most common malignant tumor in Korea, have not been completely elucidated. Recently the carcinogenic mechanisms have been explored in depth of genetic mutations. Several lines of evidence showed that oncogenes and anti-oncogenes played some roles in the pathogenesis of human malignant tumors. Among several anti-oncogenes, p53 is the most commonly mutated in varoius human malignat tumors. This study is conducted to see the rate of p53 gene nutation in gastric carcinoma by the loss of heterozygosity(LOH). The DNA is extracted from the cells harvested from paraffin block sections. The exon 4 of p53 is amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and the product is digested with Tha I endonuclease. Among 20 informative cases, 7 (35%) revealed loss of heterozygosity. Among 14 cases of well differentiated carcinoma and 6 cases of poorly differentiated carcinoma, LOH was observed in 5 cases (36%)and 2 cases (33%) respectively. The above results revealed that p53 mutation plays some roles in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma. But to elucidate the roles genetic mutaton in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma, more numbers of different exons should be searched.

Aedes 모기의 단백질 분해효소 활성에 미치는 Brain Factor의 영향

강석희,김민선,문정희 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2

본 연구에서는 Aedes aegypti(L.)와 Aedes atropalpus 모기의 난성숙과 중장내 단백질 분해효소 활성에 대한 Brain factor의 영향을 조사하였다. A. aegypti 암모기를 흡혈후 즉시 Decapitation 수술했을 때, midgut trypsin activity는 정상모기의 30%이하 수준으로 절감되었다. 피먹은 암모기를 decapitation 한후 Head extract를 주사하여주면, 난자성숙이 56∼100%의 모기에서 회복되었으며, 중장내 trypsin activity도 60%까지 회복되었다. A. atropalpus 암모기를 성체우화후 즉시 decapitation 하고, 그후 시간에 따라 A. aegypti 혹은 A. atropalpus로부터 추출한 Head extract를 주사한 결과 21시간 내지 24시간에 주사하였을 때 난성숙 및 midgut trypsin activity가 가장 크게 회복되었다. 이러한 결과는 난성숙과정에 있어서 midgut trypsin의 합성 혹은 활성이 Brain factor에 의해 지배, 조절됨을 암시해 준다. Effect of brain factor(s) on the midgut trypsin like enzyme activity in the mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti and Aedes atropalpus, has been examined. In both species of mosquitoes, decapitation, or ligation, between thorax and abdomen, within one hour after a blood feeding in Aedes aegypti, or after adult eclosion in Aedes atropalpus, inhibited the midgut trypsin activity by 70%. The enzyme activity level was not affected by decapitation or ligation when the surgeries were delayed more than 15 hours. Injection of head extracts into decapitated female mosquitoes simulated the midgut trypsin activity by more than 60%. The level of midgut proteolytic activity stimulated by the injection of head extracts gradually increased with the time of injection after the decapitation, showing the maximum response when injected at 24 hours post eclosion. The result seemed to suggest that brain factor may directly stimulate the midgut proteolytic enzyme synthesis.

Culex pipiens pallens의 난황단백질 합성에 관한 연구

강석희,박영민,조정래,문정희 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2

Anautogenous한 모기인 한국산 집모기 Culex pipiens pallens의 난황단백질 합성에 대한 hormone 들의 효과를 조사하였다. 피를 먹지않는 c. pipines 암모기의 head extract를 decapitation한 Aedes atropalpus에게 주사하였을 때 난성숙이 재유발되었으며, 난성숙의 재유발 정도는 우화 후 주사시기가 지연될수록 증가하여 우화 후 24시간에 주사하였을 때 최고에 도달하였다. 피먹은 C. pipiens를 흡혈 즉시 decapitation 또는 abdominal ligation하여도 난성숙이 저지되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 C. pipiens의 brain hormone은 헙혈 즉시 방축되기 시작하여 난성숙의 시작을 자극하는 것으로 여겨진다. 피를 먹지않은 C. pipiens 암모기에게 β-ecdysone을 주사하거나 또는 head extract 주사 후 JHI을 처리하였을 때 fat body가 합성하는 vitellogenin의 양이 증가하였다. The effect of brain hormone, Juvenile hormone and β-ecdysone on the synthesis of vitellogenin in the anautogenous mosquito, Culex pipiens pallens, has been examined. Head extract from non-blood fed C. pipiens females, when injected into the decapitated Aedes atropalpus females, stimulated egg maturation. The ovarian development in C. pipiens was not completely blocked by decapitation or abdominal ligation performed immediately following a blood feeding. These results suggested that the release of brain hormone in this mosquito may be triggered by a feeding activity. Injection of β-ecdysone or head extract followed by topical application of JH into non-blood fed C. pipiens females stimulated vitellogenin synthesis. These results supported the previous work in Aedes aegypti that brain hormone, JH and ecdysone, in that sequence, are required for the egg maturation.

Aedes aegypti 뇌추출물이 A. atropalpus의 난황단백질 합성에 미치는 효과

강석희,문정희,박영민 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1989 論文集 Vol.40 No.1

Aedes aegypti의 뇌추출물은 Aedes atroplpus의 지방체에 있어서의 단백질합성을 자극하였다. 자극에 의하여 증가된 단백질 합성율은 control의 130∼260%에 이르렀다. 뇌추출물의 dosage를 한 개의 지방체당 1∼4개의 머리의 상당량까지 증가하였더니 단백질 합성율은 control에 비해 130∼160%까지 증가하였다. In vitro에서의 뇌추출물의 활성은 3시간까지는 증가하였다가 점점 감소하였다. 본 연구에서 얻은 실험결과는 모기의 머리 속에는 지방체를 직접 자극하여 난황단백질 합성을 촉진시키거나, 지방체 세포에서 이미 합성, 저장되어 있는 난황단백질의 분비를 촉진시키는 요인이 존재하는 가능성을 지지한다고 사료된다. The effect of head extract on the synthesis of proteins in vitro by the fat body from Aedes atropalpus females has been examined. The head extract when added into the fat body incubation medium stimulated protein synthesis by 30∼160%. The protein synthesis stimulated by the head extract increased with time for up to 3 hours. The net increase in the total protein synthesis was equal to the net increase in the vitellogenin synthesis. The results indicated that the head extract may contain the brain factors that stimulated the yolk protein synthesis by the fat body of mosquitoes.

Flowable 및 microfill 복합레진으로 충전된 제 5급와동에서 load cycling 전,후의 미세변연누출 비교

강석호,김오영,오명환,조병훈,엄정문,권혁춘,손호현 大韓齒科保存學會 2002 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.27 No.2

Low-viscosity composite resins may produce better sealed margins than stiffer compositions (KempScholte and Davidson, 1988; Crim, 1989). Flowable composites have been recommended for use in Class V cavities but it is also controversial because of its high rates of shrinkage. On the other hand, in the study comparing elastic moduli and leakage, the microfil had the least leakage (Rundle et al. 1997). Furthermore, in the 1996 survey of the Reality Editorial Team, microfills were the clear choice for abfraction lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of 6 composite resins (2 hybrids, 2 microfills, and 2 flowable composites) with and without load cycling. Notch-shaped Class V cavities were prepared on buccal surface of 180 extracted human upper premolars on cementum margin. The teeth were randomly divided into non-load cycling group (group 1) and load cycling group(group 2) of 90 teeth each. The experimental teeth of each group were randomly divided into 6 subgroups of 15 samples. All preparations were etched, and Single bond was applied. Preparations were restored with the following materials (n=15) : hybrid composite resin [Z250(3M Dental Products Inc. St.Paul, USA), Denfil(Vericom, Ahnyang, Korea)], microfil [Heliomolar RO(Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), Micronew(Bisco Inc. Schaumburg, IL, USA)], and flowable composite[AeliteFlo(Bisco Inc. Schaumburg, IL, USA), Revolution(Kerr Corp. Orange, CA, USA)]. Teeth of group 2 were subjected to occlusal load (100N for 50,000 cycles) using chewing simulator(MTS 858 Mini Bionix Ⅱ system, MTS Systems Corp., Minn, USA). All samples were coated with nail polish 1mm short of the restoration, placed in 2% methylene blue for 24 hours, and sectioned with a diamond wheel. Enamel and dentin/cementum margins were analyzed for microleakage on a sclale of 0 (no leakage) to 3 (3/3 of wall). Results were statistically analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis One way analysis, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Student-Newmann-Keuls method. (p=0.05) Results: 1. There was significantly less microleage in enamel margins than dentinal margins of all groups. (p<0.05) 2. There was no significant difference between six composite resin in enamel margin of group 1. 3. In dentin margin of group 1, flowable composite had more microleakage than others but not of significant differences. 4. There was no significant difference between six composite resin in enamel margin of group 2. 5. In dentin margin of group 2, the microleakage were R>A=H=M>D>Z. But there was no significant differences. 6. In enamel margins, load cycling did not affect the marginal microleakage in significant degree. 7. In dentin margins, load cycling did affect the marginal microleakage only in Revolution. (p<0.05)

복숭아 유리나방의 성 페로몬의 한 성분인 (Z,Z)-3,13-옥타데카디엔-1-일 아세테이트의 합성

姜錫久,文炳昊 성균관대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 論文集 Vol.38 No.2

A synthesis of (Z, Z)-3, 13-octadecadien-1-yl acetate, one component of the sex pheromone of Synanthedon hector, Butler is described. Starting from 1,9-nonanediol, a sterocontrolled synthesis of (Z, Z)-3, 13-octadecadien-1-yl acetate with high sterochemical purity was achieved by the use of Wittig-olefination reaction and catalytic hydrogenation for the introduction of (Z)-double bond.

초등학교 과학 수업에서 개념도 활용의 효과

강석진,이유영,고한중,전경문,노태희 한국초등과학교육학회 2004 초등과학교육 Vol.23 No.1

In this study, we investigated the effects of using concept mapping as an instructional tool on 4th graders' achievement, science learning motivation, and attitude toward science classes. T재 classes (38 students) from an elementary school were respectively assigned to a control group and a treatment group. Students were taught about "expansion of matter by heat" and "heat transfer". These topics were chosen because they require students to understand more concepts as well as relationships among them. A science learning motivation test and an attitude toward science classes test were administered as pretests. A researcher-made achievement test, the science learning motivation test, and the attitude toward science classes test were administered as posttests. The results indicated that using concept mapping in 4th-grade science classes was not significantly effective in improving students' achievement though a statistically significant positive effect was found in the subcategory of knowledge. No statistically significant effect of using concept mapping was found in the scores of the science learning motivation test and the attitude toward science classes test. Educational implications are discussed.

ASME 및 CSA 코드에 의한 초음파 결함 크기 측정

박문호,강석철 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1998 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.18 No.4

국내 원자력발전소 가압경수로 및 가압중수로에 대한 가동중검사 수행 동안 초음파 검사로 검출된 결함을 ASME 코드에서 기술한 center line beam 방법과 CSA 코드에서 기술한 6 dB drop 방법을 이용한 결함의 깊이 방향 크기 및 길이를 측정 비교ㆍ분석하므로서 두 방법을 정확히 이해하고 결함 평가에 대한 신뢰성 향상 및 원전의 건전성을 확보하고자 한다. To record and evaluate the flaws which were found during pre-service/in-service inspection performance of nuclear power plants in Korea, the center line beam method described in ASME code and 6dB drop method stated in CSA code were used. The measured through wall dimensions and lengths by these methods were compared and analyzed in this report. With the measured data analysis, the exact understanding and use of these methods improves the reliability of flaw sizing and assures the integrity of nuclear power plant components.

주상병 일치도에 관한 연구 : 1개 중소병원을 중심으로

서영숙,김유미,남문희,강성홍,임지혜 한국의료QA학회 2009 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Background : The principal diagnosis has been used in many different fields such as hospital statistics, medical research, insurance claim, national health statistics and so on. Some principal diagnoses have a relatively low level of reliability in the medium-sized hospitals. The purpose of this study is to identify the reliability level of principal diagnoses and to suggest ways to improve reliability of the principal diagnosis. Method : Data were collected from a medium-sized hospital located in Pusan. The discharge summaries on 323 patients who were discharged in January, 2008 and the outpatient summaries on 251 patients who visited the hospital on March 28, 2008 were collected, and descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS version 12.0K. Result : The findings are the followings: (1) the diagnostic consistency rate between medical records and doctors’ was 92.0%; (2) the diagnostic consistency rate between medical records and insurance claims was 86.1%; (3) the diagnostic consistency rate between doctors’ diagnoses and insurance claims was 80.2%. The evidence seems to indicate that some principal diagnoses have reliability problems in the medium-sized hospitals. Conclusion : The results of this study suggest the followings: (1) employees should be trained and supervision of hospital activities are needed; (2) network systems should be constructed for each department; (3) professions need to be fostered (4) doctors’ awareness of medical records should be changed.