Inexpensive and highly controlled growth of zinc oxide nanowire: Impacts of substrate temperature and growth time on synthesis and physical properties

Rahman Md. Mijanur,Reshmi Tabassum Hasnat 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.41 No.-

Zinc oxide nanowires (ZnO NWs) were synthesized using a simple reactive-evaporation method without the use of catalysts. The NWs growth was precisely controlled by adjusting the experimental conditions mainly growth times and substrate temperatures. These experimental parameters are crucial for the growth of NWs. The typical diameter and length of the highly crystalline NWs obtained are several tens and several hundred nanometers, respectively. The nature of early-stages growth, morphology, structure and photoluminescent properties of the NWs grown at low temperatures have been explained and give the basic reasons behind these growth mechanisms. Self-organized ZnO nuclei are primarily formed on FTO pits due to high density of Zn atoms. It can be ascribed to vapour-solid with an area selected growth of NWs which provide a continuous pathway for carrier transport due to direct contact with the substrate. These features are crucial for the application of electronic devices, solar cells, etc.

Minimize Web Applications Vulnerabilities through the Early Detection of CRLF Injection

Md. Mijanur Rahman,Md. Asibul Hasan International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.2

Carriage return (CR) and line feed (LF), also known as CRLF injection is a type of vulnerability that allows a hacker to enter special characters into a web application, altering its operation or confusing the administrator. Log poisoning and HTTP response splitting are two prominent harmful uses of this technique. Additionally, CRLF injection can be used by an attacker to exploit other vulnerabilities, such as cross-site scripting (XSS). Email injection, also known as email header injection, is another way that can be used to modify the behavior of emails. The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) is an organization that studies vulnerabilities and ranks them based on their level of risk. According to OWASP, CRLF vulnerabilities are among the top 10 vulnerabilities and are a type of injection attack. Automated testing can help to quickly identify CRLF vulnerabilities, and is particularly useful for companies to test their applications before releasing them. However, CRLF vulnerabilities can also lead to the discovery of other high-risk vulnerabilities, and it fosters a better approach to mitigate CRLF vulnerabilities in the early stage and help secure applications against known vulnerabilities. Although there has been a significant amount of research on other types of injection attacks, such as Structure Query Language Injection (SQL Injection). There has been less research on CRLF vulnerabilities and how to detect them with automated testing. There is room for further research to be done on this subject matter in order to develop creative solutions to problems. It will also help to reduce false positive alerts by checking the header response of each request. Security automation is an important issue for companies trying to protect themselves against security threats. Automated alerts from security systems can provide a quicker and more accurate understanding of potential vulnerabilities and can help to reduce false positive alerts. Despite the extensive research on various types of vulnerabilities in web applications, CRLF vulnerabilities have only recently been included in the research. Utilizing automated testing as a recurring task can assist companies in receiving consistent updates about their systems and enhance their security.

Investigation of the Temperature Dependence of Encapsulated Microbial Cells Based TTI by Applying a Variety of Color Parameters

A.T.M. Mijanur Rahman,정승원,최동열,고상훈,이승주 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.5

In the present study, a new microbial TTI system was developed based on encapsulation techniques. TTI response (color change) was evaluated by using primarily the CIELab coordinates which were further used for the conversion into the secondary and tertiary variables and finally compared all the variables to choose the best ones for calculation of activation energy (Ea) quickly and accurately. In order to select the best variables for calculating the Ea, 95% confidence interval was also used. Primary variable a* exhibited the best linearity, narrowest 95% confidence interval and simplicity in interpretation of the color-developing reaction. Ea of the developed microbial TTIs ranged from 57.28 to 110.23 kJ/mol and maintains a consistent performance similar to that of other microbial and nonmicrobial TTIs which are commercially available. Therefore, it can be concluded that this new microbial TTI system can be used effectively in the food industry for monitoring food quality.

Evaluation of Time-Temperature Integrators (TTIs) with Microorganism-Entrapped Microbeads Produced Using Homogenization and SPG Membrane Emulsification Techniques

( A. T. M. Mijanur Rahman ),( Seung Ju Lee ),( Seung Won Jung ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.12

A comparative study was conducted to evaluate precision and accuracy in controlling the temperature dependence of encapsulated microbial time-temperature integrators (TTIs) developed using two different emulsification techniques. Weissela cibaria CIFP 009 cells, immobilized within 2% Na-alginate gel microbeads using homogenization (5,000, 7,000, and 10,000 rpm) and Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane technologies (10 μm), were applied to microbial TTIs. The prepared micobeads were characterized with respect to their size, size distribution, shape and morphology, entrapment efficiency, and bead production yield. Additionally, fermentation process parameters including growth rate were investigated. The TTI responses (changes in pH and titratable acidity (TA)) were evaluated as a function of temperature (20℃, 25℃, and 30℃). In comparison with conventional methods, SPG membrane technology was able not only to produce highly uniform, small-sized beads with the narrowest size distribution, but also the bead production yield was found to be nearly 3.0 to 4.5 times higher. However, among the TTIs produced using the homogenization technique, poor linearity (R(2)) in terms of TA was observed for the 5,000 and 7,000 rpm treatments. Consequently, microbeads produced by the SPG membrane and by homogenization at 10,000 rpm were selected for adjusting the temperature dependence. The Ea values of TTIs containing 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g microbeads, prepared by SPG membrane and conventional methods, were estimated to be 86.0, 83.5, and 76.6 kJ/mol, and 85.5, 73.5, and 62.2 kJ/mol, respectively. Therefore, microbial TTIs developed using SPG membrane technology are much more efficient in controlling temperature dependence.

Impact of average photon-energy coefficient of solar spectrum on the short circuit current of photovoltaic modules

Yuhei Horio,Mijanur Rahman,Yurei Imai,Yoshihiro Hishikawa,Takashi Minemoto 한국물리학회 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.10

The output energy of photovoltaic (PV) modules is influenced by the spectral irradiance distribution of the solar spectrum under outdoor conditions. To rate the precise output energy of PV modules, the correction of short circuit current (ISC) based on actual environmental conditions is needed, because ISC significantly depends on the shape of the spectral irradiance distribution. The average photon energy (APE) is a zero-dimensional index for spectral irradiance distribution, and APE value uniquely describes the shape of a solar spectrum. Thus, APE has an impact on ISC of PV modules. In this contribution, the relationship between APE coefficient and ISC of the multi-crystalline silicon, single-crystalline silicon, heterojunction intrinsic thin-layer, back contact, copper indium selenide and cadmium telluride PV modules has explored. It is revealed that APE value changes the ISC of PV modules which appeared to have immense possibilities of ISC correction using APE coefficient. This new approach can be very effective for precise rating the output energy of PV modules under actual outdoor conditions.

Identification and Evaluation of Psychrotrophic Lactic Acid Bacteria from Imitation Crab Sticks to Develop a Microbial Time Temperature Integrator

정승원,A.T.M. Mijanur Rahman,이승주 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.1

Ten strains of psychrotrophic Weissella species from imitation crab sticks (ICSs) were isolated and characterized to develop a microbial-based time temperature integrator (TTI). The strains were selected according to their hemolytic activity, gram staining, and catalase reaction. All the strains grew well in modified imitation crab (MIC) broth at 5 and 15oC. Significant acid production, an associated drop in pH values, and a color change were observed in most of the strains after 7-days of incubation at both temperatures. Furthermore, the strains produced a time-temperature dependent color change due to the production of lactic acid. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the ten strains belonged to the genus Weissella.

A Feasibility Study of Application of Laccase-based Time-Temperature Indicator to Kimchi Quality Control on Fermentation Process

강윤진,강진원,최정화,박수연,A.T.M. Mijanur Rahman,정성원,이성주 한국응용생명화학회 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.6

Kimchi, in factories or during transportation, is usuallystacked on shelves at different heights, which affects temperatureand thus kimchi quality. In this study, a time-temperature indicator(TTI) was used to control such quality variations. A case studywas conducted to evaluate the validity of using the TTI; one groupof small packages of young kimchi had the TTI attached whereasthe other group did not. They were stored on shelves of differentheights (i.e., top, middle, and bottom) in a laboratory fermentor. The samples with TTIs were individually fermented until thecolor of the TTIs reached a threshold level, whereas the sampleswithout TTIs were collectively fermented for a predeterminedtime at a given temperature. The qualities of fermented samplesincluding pH, acidity, microbial counts, and reducing sugars wereanalyzed. The samples with TTIs had more uniform qualities thatwere closer to the targets than those without TTIs. These resultssuggest that TTIs are practical tools to control kimchi quality interms of temperature variation.

A Feasibility Study of Application of Laccase-based Time-Temperature Indicator to Kimchi Quality Control on Fermentation Process

Kang, You Jin,Kang, Jin-Won,Choi, Jung-Hwa,Park, Soo Yeon,Rahman, A.T.M. Mijanur,Jung, Seung Won,Lee, Seung Ju The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.6

Kimchi, in factories or during transportation, is usually stacked on shelves at different heights, which affects temperature and thus kimchi quality. In this study, a time-temperature indicator (TTI) was used to control such quality variations. A case study was conducted to evaluate the validity of using the TTI; one group of small packages of young kimchi had the TTI attached whereas the other group did not. They were stored on shelves of different heights (i.e., top, middle, and bottom) in a laboratory fermentor. The samples with TTIs were individually fermented until the color of the TTIs reached a threshold level, whereas the samples without TTIs were collectively fermented for a predetermined time at a given temperature. The qualities of fermented samples including pH, acidity, microbial counts, and reducing sugars were analyzed. The samples with TTIs had more uniform qualities that were closer to the targets than those without TTIs. These results suggest that TTIs are practical tools to control kimchi quality in terms of temperature variation.

Comparison between different combinations of chemical treatment on parthenogenetic activation of mouse oocytes and its subsequent embryonic development

Idris Siti Khadijah,Ramli Bin Abdullah,Wan Embong Wan Khadijah,Mohammad Mijanur Rahman 한국통합생물학회 2013 Animal cells and systems Vol.17 No.3

Combination of different chemicals has been an effective method to activate oocytes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the optimal: (1) concentration (Experiment 1) and duration (Experiment 2) of strontium chloride (SrCl2) in the presence of cytochalasin B (CB), (2) secondary activation agent [6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP),cycloheximide (CHX) and CB] in combination with calcium ionophore (CaI) (Experiment 3) and (3) ethanol (EtOH)concentration in combination with 6-DMAP (Experiment 4). There were no significant (P0.05) differences in cleavage (86.8289.06%) and blastocyst (33.4246.83%) rates when oocytes were treated with various concentrations of SrCl2 (210 mM). Three-hour duration generally showed the highest cleavage (93.83%) and blastocyst rates (60.42%) compared to other durations. Comparing with various combinations, CaI6-DMAP showed the highest cleavage at all stages of development and significantly (PB0.05) higher from other combinations at 8-cell (50.58%),morula (30.29%) and blastocyst (23.28%) stages. When comparing the EtOH concentrations, 8% EtOH gave significantly (PB0.05) highest cleavage rates at 8-cell stage (39.70%), morula (21.50%) and blastocyst (13.86%) stages followed by 9% and 7% EtOH. In conclusion, 10 mM SrCl25 mg/ml CB in calcium-free Chatot Ziomek Bavister medium for 3-h incubation duration gave the highest cleavage rates of parthenotes mouse oocytes.

Short-term grazing behavior of cattle under indoor housing for a new-bred tetraploid ruzigrass (Brachiaria ruziziensis Germain et Everard)

Ishigaki, Genki,Nitthaisong, Pattama,Prasojo, Yogi Sidik,Kobayashi, Ikuo,Fukuyama, Kiichi,Rahman, Mohammad Mijanur,Akashi, Ryo Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.5

Objective: The preference evaluation of cattle is an important factor for estimation and improvement of the grazing amounts of newly introduced or bred grasses or cultivars in barn. This study was performed to assess the grazing behavior (the amount of grazing and/or the grazing speed) of cattle as indirect method using newly bred Brachiaria ruziziensis tetraploid strain 'OKI-1'(BR) hay as treatment group and Cloris gayana 'Callide' (CG) hay as control group. It also compared the feasibility of using behavioral differences between two groups as one criteria for evaluating preference by Japanese black cattle in barn. Methods: Three experiments were carried out using 12 growing Japanese Black cattle including 6 males and 6 females. In each experiment, the four Japanese Black cattle (2 males and 2 females) were placed in separated stall and allowed to graze BR and CG in manger that was separated into two portions for about 30 min. The position and behavior of the cattle were recorded, and weighed the residual of each gay at 15 and 30 minutes after experiment start. Results: The BR was superior to CG in chemical composition such as protein, fibers and non-fibrous carbohydrate. The cattle, over all, tended to prefer BR over CG in the first half 15 minutes in terms of the time spent and amount of grazing. Additionally, growing cattle exhibited neophilia for BR bred newly. Conclusion: These findings indicated the current approach could be applied for one of criteria to evaluate the preference of hay by Japanese black cattle under indoor housing environment.