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Experimental Analysis of the Aluminium Melting Process in Industrial Cold Crucible Furnaces
Michal Palacz,Bartlomiej Melka,Bartosz Wecki,Grzegorz Siwiec,Roman Przylucki,Piotr Bulinski,Slawomir Golak,Leszek Blacha,Jacek Smolka 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.5
One of the promising technology that guarantee the high-purity of the processed metal is induction skull melting. Thequality of the melting process within such a system strongly depends on the cold crucible design. Hence, the experimentalinvestigation of the cold crucible melting was performed. The experimental investigation was performed for various initialmass of the load. The results of that analysis were used for the assessment of the alloy temperature during the process, freesurface shape and the area as well as the liquid metal emissivity. The collected results of the thermal analysis showed thatthe temperature of molten metal increased within the power input increase. Moreover, results of that analysis showed that thecharacteristic tooth-shaped jags were created mostly at the centre of the cold crucible segments. In addition, experimentalresults are suitable for the numerical models validation and further investigation of the cold crucible design.
Direct Observation and Analysis of Spin Dependent Transport of Single Atoms in a 1D Optical Lattice
Michal Karski,Leonid Forster,Andrea Alberti,Wolfgang Alt,Artur Widera,Dieter Meschede,최재민 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.41
We have directly observed spin-dependent transport of single cesium atoms in a 1D optical lattice. A superposition of two circularly polarized standing waves is generated from two counter propagating, linearly polarized laser beams. Rotation of one of the polarizations by π causes displacement of the σ^+- and σ^--lattices by one lattice site. Unidirectional transport over several lattice sites is achieved by rotating the polarization back and forth and flipping the spin after each transport step. We have analyzed the transport efficiency over 10 and more lattice sites, and discussed and quantified relevant error sources.
The Use of Preferences under the EU - Korea FTA
Michał Gulczyń,ski,Lars Nilsson 한국무역학회 2019 Journal of Korea trade Vol.23 No.5
Purpose - This paper describes the use of trade preferences under the EU-Korea free trade agreement (FTA) and empirically examines potential reasons for the less than full use, using data on daily EU imports from Korea at the product level. Design/methodology - We employ a probit model to analyse the relationship between the use of trade preferences on the one hand and variables such as potential duty savings, rules of origin and the characteristics of the good traded (intermediate input or final product) on the other. Findings - The paper finds that EU imports from Korea make good use of trade preferences with an overall preference utilisation rate of close to 90% in 2016, which is up from about 80% in 2012. It further shows that potential duty savings influence preference utilisation positively and that more than one quarter of the observations in our sample made use of preferences under EU-Korea FTA in 2012, despite duty savings standing at ??10 or less. Originality/value - The finding that a non-negligible share of observations use preferences even when the duty savings are low has not yet figured in the literature. We further show how preference utilisation rates differ by importing EU Member State and by section of the Harmonised System and estimate the marginal impact of an increase in potential duty savings on the preference utilisation rate by broad product group, which is novel.
China’s Africa Policy: Business Now, Politics Later
Michal Meidan 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2006 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.30 No.4
For the last decade, and increasingly in the last three years, Chinese politicians and businessmen have been taking the African continent by storm. China’s growing demand for raw materials has led it to closer involvement in the continent, balancing its growing trade deficit with exports of commodities and labor. But China has not neglected the ideological component of its African policy and is stressing South-South cooperation and promotion of a new world order; it is turning much of its investment aid to Africa, and unlike the West, investment aid from China comes with no political strings attached. The question that this article addresses is China’s interest in and goals for its ties with Africa. Is China trying to consolidate a new world order, based on different moral values, conflicting with the current world order; or is China still a pragmatic actor, exploiting African resources in order to satisfy its growing demand for raw materials?
Michal SCHWARZ 한국알타이학회 2022 알타이학보 Vol.- No.32
This paper offers selected remarks regarding the implications for the spread of the title khan, khagan and khatun in the languages of Inner Asia.1) After the introduction in the first part of the article, the questions of the typology of the syllable and ethnolinguistic ambiguity are mentioned in the second part. The third part follows with a brief chronology of the spread and basic forms of the title in Inner Asian languages (Old Turkic and Indo-European, Mongolic and Tungusic; Chinese transcriptions are planned for a separate paper). The next fourth part discusses examples of semantical changes appearing in the process of borrowing to differing cultural contexts. The fifth part focuses on possible sources of the word and its early use in Koguryo and Sino-Korean. It is followed by an interpretation based on past climate change and extensive migration patterns in the final sixth section. A preliminary conclusion points out that the relocation of Koguryo and other people contributed to the spread of possible source-words in north Inner Asia and created conditions for the use of this title by a different (in fact multiethnic) nobility. The second part of the disyllabic title might be partly related to a diminutive marker or marker of deification.