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      • Structural Evolutions of Vertically Aligned Two-Dimensional MoS<sub>2</sub> Layers Revealed by in Situ Heating Transmission Electron Microscopy

        Wang, Mengjing,Kim, Jung Han,Han, Sang Sub,Je, Minyeong,Gil, Jaeyoung,Noh, Chanwoo,Ko, Tae-Jun,Lee, Kyu Seung,Son, Dong Ick,Bae, Tae-Sung,Ryu, Hyeon Ih,Oh, Kyu Hwan,Jung, YounJoon,Choi, Heechae,Chung, American Chemical Society 2019 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.123 No.45

        <P>Benefiting from a large density of layer edges exposed on the surface, vertically aligned two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS<SUB>2</SUB>) layers have recently harvested excellent performances in the field of electrochemical catalysis and chemical sensing. With their increasing versatility for high-temperature, demanding applications, it is vital to identify their thermally driven structural and chemical stability, as well as to clarify its underlying principle. Despite various ex situ and in situ characterizations on horizontally aligned 2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layers, the direct in situ heating of vertically aligned 2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layers and the real-time observation of their near-atomic-scale dynamics have never been approached, leaving their thermal stability poorly understood. Moreover, the geometrical advantage of the surface-exposed vertically aligned 2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layers is anticipated to unveil the structural dynamics of interlayer van der Waals (vdW) gaps and its correlation with thermal energy, unattainable with 2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layers in any other geometry. Herein, we report a comprehensive in situ heating TEM study on cleanly transferred, vertically aligned 2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layers up to 1000 °C. Several striking phenomena were newly observed in the course of heating: (1) formation and propagation of voids between the domains of vertical 2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layers with distinct grain orientations starting at ∼875 °C; (2) subsequent decompositions of the 2D MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layers accompanying a formation of Mo nanoparticles at ∼950 °C, a temperature much lower than the melting temperature of their bulk counterpart; and (3) initiation of decomposition from the surface-exposed 2D layer vertical edge sites, congruently supported by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. These new findings will offer critical insights into better understanding the thermodynamic principle that governs the structural stability of general vdW 2D crystals as well as providing useful technological guidance for materials design and optimization in their potential high-temperature applications.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

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        A New Calculation Model for Calcium Requirements After Parathyroidectomy in Patients With Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

        Ming Cheng,Qian Zhang,Mengjing Wang,Bihong Huang,Ye Tao,Chunyan Fan,Hongying Wang,Minmin Zhang 대한이비인후과학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.16 No.3

        Objectives. We aimed to develop a new calculation model for calcium requirements in dialysis patients following parathy-roidectomy. Methods. A total of 98 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism receiving parathyroidectomy from January 2014 toJanuary 2022 were enrolled in this study. Among these patients, 78 were randomly selected for construction of thecalcium requirement calculation model, and the remaining 20 patients were selected for model validation. The calci-um requirement model estimated the total calcium supplementation for 1 week after surgery using variables withsignificant relationships in the derivation group by stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Bias, precision, andaccuracy were measured in the validation group to determine the performance of the model. Results. The model was as follows: calcium requirement for 1 week after surgery =33.798–8.929×immediate postoperativecalcium+0.190×C-reactive protein–0.125×age+0.002×preoperative intact parathyroid hormone+0.003×preopera-tive alkaline phosphatase (R2 =0.8). The model was successfully validated. Conclusion. We generated a novel model to guide calcium supplementation. This model can assist in stabilizing the serumcalcium levels of patients during the early postoperative period. Furthermore, it contributes to the individualized andprecise treatment of hypocalcemia in patients following parathyroidectomy.

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