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I-Mei Lin,Sheng-Yu Fan,Cheng-Fang Yen,Yi-Chun Yeh,Tze‐Chun Tang,Mei-Feng Huang,Tai-Ling Liu,Peng-Wei Wang,Huang-Chi Lin,Hsin-Yi Tsai,Yu-Che Tsai 대한정신약물학회 2019 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.17 No.2
Objective: Autonomic imbalance is considered a psychopathological mechanism underlying major depressive disorder (MDD). Heart rate variability (HRV) is an index for autonomic activation. Poor sleep quality is common among patients with MDD. HRV biofeedback (BF) has been used for regulating autonomic balance among patients with physical illness and mental disorders. The purpose of present study was to examine the effects of HRV-BF on depressive symptoms, sleep quality, pre-sleep arousal, and HRV indices, in patients with MDD and insomnia. Methods: In this case-controlled study, patients with MDD and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score higher than 6 were recruited. The HRV-BF group received weekly 60-minute protocol for 6 weeks, and the control group who have matched the age and sex received medical care only. All participants were assessed on Beck Depression Inventory-II, Back Anxiety Inventory, PSQI, and Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale. Breathing rates and electrocardiography were also performed under resting state at pre-testing, and post-testing conditions and for the HRV-BF group, also at 1-month follow-up. Results: In the HRV-BF group, symptoms of depression and anxiety, sleep quality, and pre-sleep arousal were significantly improved, and increased HRV indices, compared with the control group. Moreover, in the HRV-BF group, significantly improved symptoms of depression and anxiety, decreased breathing rates, and increased HRV indices were detected at post-testing and at 1-month follow-up, compared with pre-testing values. Conclusion: This study confirmed that HRV-BF is a useful psychosocial intervention for improving autonomic balance, baroreflex, and symptoms of depression and insomnia in MDD patients.
The number of cecidomyiid insect galls affects the photosynthesis of Machilus thunbergii host leaves
Meng-Yuan Huang,Hsueh-Mei Chou,Yung-Ta Chang,Chi-Ming Yang 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.2
Previous studies of the impacts of galls on host leaf photosynthesis do not suggest any general trends, with a reportedrange of effects from negative to positive. In this study, photosynthetic characteristics such as chlorophyllfluorescence (Fv/Fm), photosynthetic capacity, and stomata conductancewere determined in two types of fruitlikegalls (red ovoid and green obovate galls) induced by Daphnephila taiwanensis and Daphnephila sueyenae, respectively,in order to investigate whether the number of galls affects the photosynthesis of galled leaves ofMachilus thunbergii. In 2008, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic capacity were negatively correlatedwith gall numbers, non-significantly and significantly, respectively,whereas stomata conductancewas positivelybut non-significantly correlated with gall numbers. In 2009, photosynthesis capacity and stomata conductancewere negatively, but non-significantly, correlated with gall numbers. Results imply that photosynthesis in M. thunbergii leaves is slightly affected by the number of cecidomyiid insect galls, and that the higher the gall number,the greater the negative effect that galls have on host leaf photosynthesis and subsequent infection.
Herbivorous insects alter the chlorophyll metabolism of galls on host plants
Meng-Yuan Huang,Wen-Dar Huang,Hsueh-Mei Chouc,Chang-Chang Chen,Yung-Ta Chang,Chi-Ming Yang 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.3
Five types of insect-induced galls derived from three host plant leaveswere analyzed for their carotenoid (Car), chlorophyll(Chl), and Chl biosynthesis porphyrins such as protoporphyrinogen IX (PPIX), magnesium protoporphyrin(MGPP) and protochlorophyllide (Pchlide), and Chl degradation intermediates including chlorophyllide (Chlide),pheophytin (Phe), pheophorbide (Pho), and phytylated and dephytylated pigments, and compared to ungalledportions of the same leaf. Galls contain significantly lower levels of Chl-related compounds (CRCs) than ungalledportions of host leaves. The mole percent of porphyrin and the ratios of Chlide/Phe and phytylated/dephytylatedpigments are both very different between galls and host leaves.We, therefore, conclude that leaf-derived gall is akind of non-leaf green tissue, that herbivorous insects alter gall Chl biosynthesis and degradation pathways, thatMg-chelatase, Mg-dechelatase, and chlorophyllase may be the major non-lethal enzymes in galls, and thatwhile ungalled host leaves take Chl → Phe → Pho and Chl → Chlide → Pho as the major and minor degradationroutes, respectively, all galls are in contrast with the host leaves.
Chiu Pai-En,Lin Shu-Chuan A.,Li Ya-Ping,Huang Chiao-Hsin,Shu Ying-Mei,Chen Chi-Wen 한국간호과학회 2024 Asian Nursing Research Vol.18 No.1
Purpose During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses have faced many professional and ethical dilemmas and challenges along with bearing physical, mental, and emotional stress resulting from worrying about themselves or their family being infected and stigmatized. This stress can potentially lead to burnout and resignation. Professional resilience is crucial for nurses to cope with these adverse situations. This study aimed to investigate the process by which nurses adapt, change, and overcome challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic and ultimately demonstrate professional resilience. Methods Descriptive phenomenology was applied. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 nurses working in COVID-19 wards and intensive care units to collect data. Giorgi's phenomenological analysis method was employed. Results Based on the interview responses, four major themes were identified: 1) balancing patient care, self-protection, and passing on experience; 2) providing timely pandemic team resources and social support; 3) nurses' perseverance amid social discourse and constrained lives; and 4) selfless dedication shaping nursing's pinnacle experiences. Conclusions In the face of a sudden pandemic, frontline nurses play a critical role in maintaining medical capacity. Consequently, they must balance their families, lives, and work while adapting to the impact of the pandemic and changing practices and procedures based on the development of the pandemic and policy demands. The study findings provide insights into the challenges and emotional experiences encountered by nurses during a sudden pandemic outbreak and can serve as a reference for developing strategies to help nurses overcome these challenges and enhance their professional resilience.
Chia-Eng Wu,Chen-Wei Yu,Kai-Wei Chang,Wen-Hsi Chou,Chen-Yu Lu,Elisa Ghelfi,Fang-Chun Wu,Pey-Shynan Jan,Mei-Chi Huang,Patrick Allard,Shau-Ping Lin,Hong-Nerng Ho,Hsin-Fu Chen 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced PSCs (iPSCs), represent potentially unlimited cell sources for clinical applications. Previous studies have suggested that hPSCs may benefit from immune privilege and limited immunogenicity, as reflected by the reduced expression of major histocompatibility complex class-related molecules. Here we investigated the global immune-related gene expression profiles of human ESCs, hiPSCs and somatic cells and identified candidate immune-related genes that may alter their immunogenicity. The expression levels of global immune-related genes were determined by comparing undifferentiated and differentiated stem cells and three types of human somatic cells: dermal papilla cells, ovarian granulosa cells and foreskin fibroblast cells. We identified the differentially expressed genes CD24, GATA3, PROM1, THBS2, LY96, IFIT3, CXCR4, IL1R1, FGFR3, IDO1 and KDR, which overlapped with selected immune-related gene lists. In further analyses, mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTOR) signaling was investigated in the differentiated stem cells following treatment with rapamycin and lentiviral transduction with specific short-hairpin RNAs. We found that the inhibition of mTOR signal pathways significantly downregulated the immunogenicity of differentiated stem cells. We also tested the immune responses induced in differentiated stem cells by mixed lymphocyte reactions. We found that CD24- and GATA3-deficient differentiated stem cells including neural lineage cells had limited abilities to activate human lymphocytes. By analyzing the transcriptome signature of immune-related genes, we observed a tendency of the hPSCs to differentiate toward an immune cell phenotype. Taken together, these data identify candidate immune-related genes that might constitute valuable targets for clinical applications.