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Marcel Schütt,The Duy Nguyen,Martha Kalff-Suske,Uwe Wagner,Georg Macharey,Volker Ziller 대한생식의학회 2021 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.48 No.3
Objective: Progesterone application for luteal phase support is a well-established concept in in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. Water-soluble subcutaneous progesterone injections have shown pregnancy rates equivalent to those observed in patients receiving vaginal administration in randomized controlled trials. Our study aimed to investigate whether the results from those pivotal trials could be reproduced in daily clinical practice in an unselected patient population.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study in non-standardized daily clinical practice, we compared 273 IVF cycles from 195 women undergoing IVF at our center for luteal phase support with vaginal administration of 200 mg of micronized progesterone three times daily or subcutaneous injection of 25 mg of progesterone per day.Results: Various patient characteristics including age, weight, height, number of oocytes, and body mass index were similar between both groups. We observed no significant differences in the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) per treatment cycle between the subcutaneous (39.9%) and vaginal group (36.5%) (p=0.630). Covariate analysis showed significant correlations of the number of transferred embryos and the total dosage of stimulation medication with the CPR. However, after adjustment of the CPR for these covariates using a regression model, no significant difference was observed between the two groups (odds ratio, 0.956; 95% confidence interval, 0.152–1.786; p=0.888).Conclusion: In agreement with randomized controlled trials in study populations with strict selection criteria, our study determined that subcutaneous progesterone was equally effective as vaginally applied progesterone in daily clinical practice in an unselected patient population.
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Navindra P. Seeram,Yanjun Zhang,Rodney McKeever,Susanne M. Henning,Ru-po Lee,Marc A. Suchard,Zhaoping Li,Steve Chen,Gail Thames,Alona Zerlin,Martha Nguyen,David Wang,Mark Dreher,David Heber 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.2
Pomegranate juice (PJ), a rich source of polyphenols including ellagitannins, has attracted much attention dueto its reported health benefits. This has resulted in the consumption of liquid and powder pomegranate extracts as alternativesto PJ. Therefore establishing the bioavailability of polyphenols from these extract preparations is necessary. Sixteen healthyvolunteers sequentially consumed, with a 1-week washout period between treatments, PJ (8 ounces, Wonderful fruit variety),a pomegranate polyphenol liquid extract (POMxl, 8 ounces), and a pomegranate polyphenol powder extract (POMxp, 1,000mg). The three interventions provided 857, 776, and 755 mg of polyphenols as gallic acid equivalents, respectively. Plasmabioavailability, judged based on ellagic acid levels over a 6-hour period, did not show statistical differences in area under thecurve for the three interventions: 0.14. 0.05, 0.11. 0.03, and 0.11. 0.04 .mol.hour/L for PJ, POMxl, and POMxp, re-spectively. The time of maximum concentration was delayed for POMxp (2.58. 0.42 hours) compared to PJ (0.65. 0.23hours) and POMxl (0.94. 0.06 hours). Urolithin-A glucuronide, a urinary metabolite of ellagic acid, was not significantlydifferent with the three interventions, reaching levels of approximately 1,000 ng/mL. This study demonstrates that ellagitan-nin metabolites, delivered from pomegranate fruits, as PJ, POMxl, and POMxp, reach equivalent levels with a delay in timeof maximum concentration of POMxp compared to PJ and POMxl.
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