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Navindra P. Seeram,Yanjun Zhang,Rodney McKeever,Susanne M. Henning,Ru-po Lee,Marc A. Suchard,Zhaoping Li,Steve Chen,Gail Thames,Alona Zerlin,Martha Nguyen,David Wang,Mark Dreher,David Heber 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.2
Pomegranate juice (PJ), a rich source of polyphenols including ellagitannins, has attracted much attention dueto its reported health benefits. This has resulted in the consumption of liquid and powder pomegranate extracts as alternativesto PJ. Therefore establishing the bioavailability of polyphenols from these extract preparations is necessary. Sixteen healthyvolunteers sequentially consumed, with a 1-week washout period between treatments, PJ (8 ounces, Wonderful fruit variety),a pomegranate polyphenol liquid extract (POMxl, 8 ounces), and a pomegranate polyphenol powder extract (POMxp, 1,000mg). The three interventions provided 857, 776, and 755 mg of polyphenols as gallic acid equivalents, respectively. Plasmabioavailability, judged based on ellagic acid levels over a 6-hour period, did not show statistical differences in area under thecurve for the three interventions: 0.14. 0.05, 0.11. 0.03, and 0.11. 0.04 .mol.hour/L for PJ, POMxl, and POMxp, re-spectively. The time of maximum concentration was delayed for POMxp (2.58. 0.42 hours) compared to PJ (0.65. 0.23hours) and POMxl (0.94. 0.06 hours). Urolithin-A glucuronide, a urinary metabolite of ellagic acid, was not significantlydifferent with the three interventions, reaching levels of approximately 1,000 ng/mL. This study demonstrates that ellagitan-nin metabolites, delivered from pomegranate fruits, as PJ, POMxl, and POMxp, reach equivalent levels with a delay in timeof maximum concentration of POMxp compared to PJ and POMxl.
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