미술치료 사례: 낙인

Mars 계간 미술치료 2017 계간 미술치료 Vol.- No.6

Neural Mechanisms in Eating Behaviors: A Pilot fMRI Study of Emotional Processing

Rosa M. Molina-Ruiz,T. García-Saiz,Jeffrey C.L. Looi,E. Via Virgili,M. Rincón Zamorano,Laura de Anta Tejado,Helena Trebbau López,Jose Luis Carrasco Perera,Marina Díaz-Marsá 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.3

Objective Emotional processing dysfunction evident in eating disorders (ED) such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), is considered relevant to the development and maintenance of these disorders. The purpose of the current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was to pilot a comparison of the activity of the fronto-limbic and fronto-striatal brain areas during an emotion processing task in persons with ED. Methods 24 women patients with ED were scanned, while showing emotionally stimulating (pleasant, unpleasant) and neutral images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Results During the pleasant condition, significant differences in Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) activations were found with AN participants presenting greater activation compared to BN and ED comorbid groups (EDc) and healthy controls also showing greater activation of this brain area compared to BN and EDc. Left putamen was less activated in EDc compared to both controls (C) and AN. During the unpleasant condition, AN participants showed hyperactivation of the Orbito-Frontal Cortex (OFC) when compared to EDc. Conclusion This study highlights the potential functional relevance of brain areas that have been associated with self-control. These findings should help advance understanding the neural substrate of ED, though they should be considered as preliminary and be cautiously interpreted.

Enhancing antimicrobial activity of mastoparan-B by amino acid substitutions

Mars J. Yang,Wen-Yuh Lin,Chun-Hsien Lin,Ching-Lin Shyu,Roger F. Hou,Wu-Chun Tu 한국응용곤충학회 2013 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.16 No.4

This study evaluated antimicrobial and hemolytic activities of mastoparan-B (MP-B) isolated fromthe venomof the hornet, Vespa basalis, and its analogs after substituting certain amino acid (aa) residues.MP-B exhibited significantly different antimicrobial activities against bacteria species/strains tested, especially two Escherichia coli strains, Staphylococcus xylosus and Citrobacter koseri at low dosages, and was non-specific against certain Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Our results indicated that hydrophobicitymodification by single aa substitution may enhance their antimicrobial activities. An aa substituted MP-B, viz., MP-B-1, inwhich Trp substituted for Leu3, became more effective than the original peptide at inhibiting or killing the bacterial species tested, especially Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella Cholerasuis, and even up to 8 timesmore effective in some cases. However, MP-B-2 was virtually similar to MP-B against each bacterial species assayed,while MP-B-3 reduced its effectiveness greatly compared to others. On the other hand, MP-B and its analogs were not effective against the beneficial probiotics and they were not hemolytic to erythrocytes at the dosages tested. Our results suggested that MP-B becomes more potent against specific pathogenic bacteria and safe to the probiotics after undergoing appropriate amino acid substitutions.

An extended finite element method for modeling elastoplastic FGM plate-shell type structures

Jrad, Hanen,Mars, Jamel,Wali, Mondher,Dammak, Fakhreddine Techno-Press 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.68 No.3

In this paper, an extended finite element method is proposed to analyze both geometric and material non-linear behavior of general Functionally Graded Material (FGM) plate-shell type structures. A user defined subroutine (UMAT) is developed and implemented in Abaqus/Standard to study the elastoplastic behavior of the ceramic particle-reinforced metal-matrix FGM plates-shells. The standard quadrilateral 4-nodes shell element with three rotational and three translational degrees of freedom per node, S4, is extended in the present study, to deal with elasto-plastic analysis of geometrically non-linear FGM plate-shell structures. The elastoplastic material properties are assumed to vary smoothly through the thickness of the plate-shell type structures. The nonlinear approach is based on Mori-Tanaka model to underline micromechanics and locally determine the effective FGM properties and self-consistent method of Suquet for the homogenization of the stress-field. The elasto-plastic behavior of the ceramic/metal FGM is assumed to follow Ludwik hardening law. An incremental formulation of the elasto-plastic constitutive relation is developed to predict the tangent operator. In order to to highlight the effectiveness and the accuracy of the present finite element procedure, numerical examples of geometrically non-linear elastoplastic functionally graded plates and shells are presented. The effects of the geometrical parameters and the volume fraction index on nonlinear responses are performed.

Letter: Patient-Guided Improvements for Pediatric Obesity Services

Sameera Auckburally,Harriet Richardson,Mars Skae 대한비만학회 2022 Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome Vol.31 No.2

Activity Participation and wellbeing during the covid-19 lockdown in Spain

Rosa Arroyo,Lidón Mars,Tomás Ruiz 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2021 도시과학국제저널 Vol.25 No.3

On March 14, 2020, the Spanish authorities declared a lockdown to bending the Covid-19 pandemic curve. People were asked to stay at home as much as possible, students were obliged to attend classes on-line, civil servants were also required to tele-work, and any work activity that could be carried out from home was recommended to do so as well. Non-essential activities like theatres, restaurants, gyms, etc., were closed. Only work that could not be carried out at home, grocery shopping, taking care of others, walking the dog, visiting the doctor, do banking, and a few more out-of-home activities were allowed. Out-of-home leisure and social activities were not permitted at all. Such limitations of out-of-home activities could influence the wellbeing of people. The present study aims to analyse the wellbeing of people considering the limitations of out-of-home activities during the lockdown. Data collected through a web-survey from 1,653 participants is studied in this paper. The information analysed is related to the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence and relatedness) and positive and negative affect. Activity-travel data and sociodemographic characteristics are also considered. Mann–Whitney U tests, Confirmatory Factor Analyses and Structural Equation models are used to find out differences in the wellbeing of people according to their out-of-home activity characteristics, and how these activity characteristics are associated to the psychological variables studied. Findings suggest that those who mostly spent their out-of-home time working felt slightly better. However, as time working increased, more negative affect and autonomy frustration appeared. On the other hand, more time doing grocery shopping was associated with positive feelings. In general, women felt somewhat worse, and older participants felt a bit better during the lockdown. Employed respondents felt better than their unemployed counterparts. Some lessons are learned to improve urban planning during a pandemic. On March 14, 2020, the Spanish authorities declared a lockdown to bending the Covid-19 pandemic curve. People were asked to stay at home as much as possible, students were obliged to attend classes on-line, civil servants were also required to tele-work, and any work activity that could be carried out from home was recommended to do so as well. Non-essential activities like theatres, restaurants, gyms, etc., were closed. Only work that could not be carried out at home, grocery shopping, taking care of others, walking the dog, visiting the doctor, do banking, and a few more out-of-home activities were allowed. Out-of-home leisure and social activities were not permitted at all. Such limitations of out-of-home activities could influence the wellbeing of people. The present study aims to analyse the wellbeing of people considering the limitations of out-of-home activities during the lockdown. Data collected through a web-survey from 1,653 participants is studied in this paper. The information analysed is related to the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence and relatedness) and positive and negative affect. Activity-travel data and sociodemographic characteristics are also considered. Mann–Whitney U tests, Confirmatory Factor Analyses and Structural Equation models are used to find out differences in the wellbeing of people according to their out-of-home activity characteristics, and how these activity characteristics are associated to the psychological variables studied. Findings suggest that those who mostly spent their out-of-home time working felt slightly better. However, as time working increased, more negative affect and autonomy frustration appeared. On the other hand, more time doing grocery shopping was associated with positive feelings. In general, women felt somewhat worse, and older participants felt a bit better during the lockdown. Employed respondents felt better than their unemployed counterparts. Some lessons are learned to improve urban planning during a pandemic.

An extended finite element method for modeling elastoplastic FGM plate-shell type structures

Hanen Jrad,Jamel Mars,Mondher Wali,Fakhreddine Dammak 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.68 No.3

In this paper, an extended finite element method is proposed to analyze both geometric and material non-linear behavior of general Functionally Graded Material (FGM) plate-shell type structures. A user defined subroutine (UMAT) is developed and implemented in Abaqus/Standard to study the elastoplastic behavior of the ceramic particle-reinforced metal-matrix FGM plates-shells. The standard quadrilateral 4-nodes shell element with three rotational and three translational degrees of freedom per node, S4, is extended in the present study, to deal with elasto-plastic analysis of geometrically non-linear FGM plate-shell structures. The elastoplastic material properties are assumed to vary smoothly through the thickness of the plate-shell type structures. The nonlinear approach is based on Mori-Tanaka model to underline micromechanics and locally determine the effective FGM properties and self-consistent method of Suquet for the homogenization of the stress-field. The elasto-plastic behavior of the ceramic/metal FGM is assumed to follow Ludwik hardening law. An incremental formulation of the elasto-plastic constitutive relation is developed to predict the tangent operator. In order to to highlight the effectiveness and the accuracy of the present finite element procedure, numerical examples of geometrically non-linear elastoplastic functionally graded plates and shells are presented. The effects of the geometrical parameters and the volume fraction index on nonlinear responses are performed.

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiproliferation Activities of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Flowers

Jalila Bekir,Mohamed Mars,Patricia Vicendo,Amira Fterrich,Jalloul Bouajila 한국식품영양과학회 2013 Journal of medicinal food Vol.16 No.6

The chemical composition, antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS assays), anti-inflammatory (5-LOX), and cytotoxic (MCF-7) activities from flowers of seven pomegranate varieties (Punica granatum) were investigated. The highest phenolics (330.9 ± 11.3 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight (dw)), flavonoids (29.5 ± 0.8 mg quercetin equivalent/g dw), tannins (30.6 ± 0.6 mg catechin equivalent/g dw), and anthocyanins (0.70 ± 0.03 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent/g dw) content were determined in the Chetoui (CH) variety. It was found that Garsi (GR) (IC50 = 4.9 ± 0.2 mg/L by ABTS assay) and Zaghwani (ZG) (IC50 = 3.9 ± 0.2 mg/L by ABTS assay) varieties exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. For the antiinflammatory activity, all varieties were active; the ZH variety was the strongest (2.5 ± 0.1 mg/L). The CH, ES, and RA pomegranate varieties were not active against human breast cancer cells MCF-7, whereas inhibition was more evident with extracts from ZH and GR varieties (IC50 = 33.00 ± 2.64 and 35.00 ± 4.58 mg/L, respectively). Statistical analysis showed that the variety factor influenced significantly (P < .01) the chemical composition and biological activities of pomegranate flowers.

Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Lipase from Ficus carica Latex of Tunisian East Coast Zidi Variety

Lazreg-Aref, Houda,Mosbah, Habib,Fekih, Abdelwaheb,Mars, Massoud,Said, Khaled Wiley (John WileySons) 2012 Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society Vol.89 No.10

Investigation of trace elements in incisor and molar teeth from two different geographical areas in Sudan using micro-particle induced x-ray emission (μ-PIXE)

M. E. M. Eisa,J. A. Mars,S. Naidoo,R. A. Shibrain,K. J. Cloete,M. Maaza 한국분석과학회 2023 분석과학 Vol.36 No.2

Trace elements (TEs) have significant effects on both dental health and human health. Toxic effects are caused by deficiency or excess of TEs. This study was performed to determine levels of toxic and trace elements in incisor and molar teeth sampled from male and female participants residing in the north and south regions of Sudan. The tooth enamel of 18 extracted human teeth was analyzed using particle-induced x-ray emission (μ-PIXE) to determine its elemental profile and distribution. GeoPIXEII software package was used for the analysis of μ-PIXE data. The main elements determined were Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Co, and Sr which were homogeneously distributed in the areas of the tooth enamel mapped with micro-PIXE.