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Suh, Koung Jin,Kim, Se Hyun,Lee, Kyung-Hun,Kim, Tae-Yong,Kim, Yu Jung,Han, Sae-Won,Kang, Eunyoung,Kim, Eun-Kyu,Kim, Kidong,No, Jae Hong,Han, Wonshik,Noh, Dong-Young,Lee, Maria,Kim, Hee Seung,Im, Seock Korean Cancer Association 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.4
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P> Although combining aromatase inhibitors (AI) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) is becoming more common, it is still not clear if GnRHa is as effective as bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO).</P><P><B>Materials and Methods</B></P><P> We retrospectively analyzed data of 66 premenopausal patients with hormone receptor– positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative recurrent and metastatic breast cancer who had been treated with AIs in combination with GnRHa or BSO between 2002 and 2015.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P> The median patient age was 44 years. Overall, 24 (36%) received BSO and 42 (64%) received GnRHa. The clinical benefit rate was higher in the BSO group than in the GnRHa group (88% vs. 69%, p=0.092). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was longer in the BSO group, although statistical significance was not reached (17.2 months vs. 13.3 months, p=0.245). When propensity score matching was performed, the median PFS was 17.2 months for the BSO group and 8.2 months for the GnRHa group (p=0.137). Multivariate analyses revealed that the luminal B subtype (hazard ratio, 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08 to 2.60; p=0.022) and later-line treatment (≥ third line vs. first line; hazard ratio, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.59 to 6.59; p=0.001) were independent predictive factors for a shorter PFS. Incomplete ovarian suppression was observed in a subset of GnRHa-treated patients whose disease showed progression, with E2 levels higher than 21 pg/mL.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P> Both BSO and GnRHa were found to be effective in our AI-treated premenopausal metastatic breast cancer patient cohort. However, further studies in larger populations are needed to determine if BSO is superior to GnRHa.</P>
Ahnak deficiency attenuates high-fat diet-induced fatty liver in mice through FGF21 induction
Kim Yo Na,Shin Jae Hoon,Kyeong Dong Soo,Cho Soo Young,김미영,Lim Hee Jung,Jimenez Maria Raquel Rojas,Kim Il Yong,Lee Mi-Ock,Bae Yun Soo,Seong Je Kyung 생화학분자생물학회 2021 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.53 No.-
The AHNAK nucleoprotein has been determined to exert an anti-obesity effect in adipose tissue and further inhibit adipogenic differentiation. In this study, we examined the role of AHNAK in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism to prevent diet-induced fatty liver. Ahnak KO mice have reportedly exhibited reduced fat accumulation in the liver and decreased serum triglyceride (TG) levels when provided with either a normal chow diet or a high-fat diet (HFD). Gene expression profiling was used to identify novel factors that could be modulated by genetic manipulation of the Ahnak gene. The results revealed that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was markedly increased in the livers of Ahnak KO mice compared with WT mice fed a HFD. Ahnak knockdown in hepatocytes reportedly prevented excessive lipid accumulation induced by palmitate treatment and was associated with increased secretion of FGF21 and the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation, which are primarily downstream of PPARα. These results indicate that pronounced obesity and hepatic steatosis are attenuated in HFD-fed Ahnak KO mice. This may be attributed, in part, to the induction of FGF21 and regulation of lipid metabolism, which are considered to be involved in increased fatty acid oxidation and reduced lipogenesis in the liver. These findings suggest that targeting AHNAK may have beneficial implications in preventing or treating hepatic steatosis.
Prognostic factors for tumor recurrence in endometrioid endometrial cancer stages IA and IB
Han, Kyung Hee,Kim, Hee Seung,Lee, Maria,Chung, Hyun Hoon,Song, Yong Sang,Chatzistamatiou., Kimon Williams & Wilkins Co 2017 Medicine Vol.96 No.21
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Risk grouping for treatment and follow-up strategy of early stage endometrial cancer is confusing to apply in clinical conditions. We investigated the stage-based prognostic factors for tumor recurrence in stage I endometrial cancer with endometrioid histology (EEC).</P><P>The medical records of women diagnosed with endometrial adenocarcinoma between 1993 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. In 521 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I EEC were included. The baseline patient characteristics were analyzed with the chi-square test and Fisher's exact tests. A multivariate analysis with a Cox proportional hazard model and logistic regression were performed to identify the prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS) in FIGO stage I EEC.</P><P>The median follow-up period for the included patients was 74.6 months (3.1–264.9 months). Tumor recurrence occurred in 30 patients (5.8%) with a median time span of 22.85 months (2.2–124.7 months). Only 2 factors among the conventional adverse risk factors, including myometrial invasion and histologic grade, affected tumor recurrence in stage I EEC (<I>P</I> = .003 and <I>P</I> = .003, respectively). Myometrial invasion was an independent prognostic factor for RFS in stage IA EEC via multivariate analysis (<I>P</I> = .005). In stage IB EEC, the histologic grade was an independent prognostic factor for RFS. The median RFS of stage IB EEC was 156.0 months in grade 1, 120.0 months in grade 2, and 105.9 months in grade 3 (<I>P</I> = .006).</P><P>Within stage I EEC, the prognostic factors for tumor recurrence were different between stages IA and IB. Myometrial invasion comprised the prognostic factor in stage IA, whereas the histologic grade comprised the prognostic factor in stage IB.</P>
윤여범(Yoon Yeo Bom),임희정(Ihm Hee-Jeong),김혜리(Kim Hae-Ri),민덕기(Min Deok-Gi),홍경선(Hong Kyung-Sun),오마리아(Oh Maria),박미애(Pakr Miae) 한국초등영어교육학회 2007 초등영어교육 Vol.13 No.1
The main goal of the present paper is to propose a standard curriculum for primary English education. In order to achieve this, we first investigated the current state of primary English education as a second major at the 11 national universities of education and then held a forum to listen to experts" opinions. Finally, a large-scale questionnaire was administered, to which 48 professors and 363 students of the 11 national universities of education, and 382 elementary school teachers responded. Based on the results of the above investigation, the following standard curriculum for primary English education is proposed. First, a total of 24 credits should be given to primary English education as a second major, half for required courses and the other half for elective courses. Second, required courses should include Teaching Methodology in Primary English Education, Classroom English, Teaching Listening and Speaking in Primary English Education, and Teaching Reading and Writing in Primary English Education, each of which would be worth three credits. Finally, 14 elective courses are suggested to be run as two-credit courses.