Influence of ion implantation on depth dependent phase transition in TiO2 films, anatase nanostructures and photo-absorption behavior

Manna Ashis K.,Joshi Shalik R.,Satpati B.,Dash P.,Chattaraj Ananya,Srivastava S.K.,Kanjilal A.,Kanjilal D.,Varma Shikha 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.43 No.-

The present study explores the role of Ti ion implantation in structural phase transition in TiO2 thin films. Raman and TEM results reveal that after implantation Rutile phase in films increases at the expense of Anatase nanostructures. Though the as-deposited films display the presence of bigger anatase nanoparticles, after implantation, predominantly phonon confined smaller (~ 8 nm in size) anatase nanostructures are observed. GIXRD and Raman results further reflect presence of a critical fluence, 1 × 1013 ions/cm2, where the initial transformation from anatase to Rutile phase is observed. The role of Oxygen vacancies, in this transformation, has been explored here by XPS. Modifications in UV–Vis and Bandgap results show rich behavior which also reflects phase transformation at the critical fluence. Results further indicate that the phase transition gets first initiated deeper in the film and later on the surface. Interestingly, aggregation of larger Anatase nano-particles appears to be responsible for the structural transformation as observed here.

Surface wave propagation in an initially stressed heterogeneous medium having a sandy layer and a point source

Manna, Santanu,Misra, J.C.,Kundu, Santimoy,Gupta, Shishir Techno-Press 2018 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.16 No.2

An attempt has been made here to study the propagation of SH-type surface waves in an elastic medium, which is initially stressed and heterogeneous and has a point source inside the medium. The upper portion of the composite medium is a sandy layer. It is situated on an initially stressed heterogeneous half-space, whose density, rigidity and internal friction are function of depth. The analysis has been carried out by using Fourier transform and Green's function approach. The phase velocity has been investigated for several particular situations. It has been shown that the results of the study agree with those the case of Love wave propagation in a homogeneous medium in the absence of the sandy layer, when the initial stress is absent. In order to illustrate the validity of the analysis presented here, the derived analytical expression has been computed numerically, by considering an illustrative example and the variances of the concerned physical variables have been presented graphically. It is observed that the velocity of shear wave is amply influenced by the initial stress and heterogeneity parameters and the presence of the sandy layer. The study has an important bearing on investigations of different problems in the earth's interior and also in seismological studies.

Effect of Integrated Use of Organic and Fertilizer N on Soil Microbial Biomass Dynamics , Turnover and Activity of Enzymes under Legume - cereal System in a Swell - shrink(Typic Haplustert) Soil

Manna, M. C.,Swarup, A. 한국환경농학회 2000 한국환경농학회지 Vol.19 No.5

Quantifying the changes of soil microbial biomass and activity of enzymes are important to understand the dynamics of active soil C and N pools. The dynamics of soil microbial biomass C and N and the activity of enzymes over entire growth period of soybean-(Glycine max (L) Merr.)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) sequence on a Typic Haplustert as influenced by organic manure and inorganic fertilizer N were investigated in a field experiment. The application of farmyard manure at 4 to 16 Mg·ha^(-1)y^(-1)r^(-1) along with fertilizer nitrogen at 50 or 180 ㎏·ha^(-1) increased the mean soil microbial biomass from 1.12 to 2.05 fold over unmanured soils under soybean-wheat system. Irrespective of organic and chemical fertilizer N application, the soil microbial biomass was maximum during the first two months at active growing stage of the crops and subsequently declined with crop maturity. The mean annual microbial activity was significantly increased when manure and chemical fertilizer at 8 Mg·ha^(-1) and 50/180 N ㎏·ha^(-1), respectively were applied. The C turnover rate decreased by 47 to 72 % when the level of farmyard manure was increased from 4 to 8 and 16 Mg·ha^(-1). There were significant correlations between biomass C, available N, dehydrogenase, phosphatase and yield of the crops.

Static analysis of rubber components with piezoelectric patches using nonlinear finite element

Manna, M.C.,Sheikh, A.H.,Bhattacharyya, R. Techno-Press 2009 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.5 No.1

In order to reduce vibration or to control shape of structures made of metal or composites, piezoelectric materials have been extensively used since their discovery in 1880's. A recent trend is also seen to apply piezoelectric materials to flexible structures made of rubber-like materials. In this paper a non-linear finite element model using updated Lagrangian (UL) approach has been developed for static analysis of rubber-elastic material with surface-bonded piezoelectric patches. A compressible stain energy function has been used for modeling the rubber as hyperelastic material. For formulation of the nonlinear finite element model a twenty-node brick element is used. Four degrees of freedom u, v and w and electrical potential ${\varphi}$ per node are considered as the field variables. PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) patches are applied as sensors/actuators or sensors and actuators. The present model has been applied to bimorph PVDF cantilever beam to validate the formulation. It is then applied to study the smart rubber components under different boundary and loading conditions. The results predicted by the present formulation are compared with the analytical solutions as well as the available published results. Some results are given as new ones as no published solutions available in the literatures to the best of the authors' knowledge.

Bioindicator potential of Spathosternum prasiniferum prasiniferum (Orthoptera; Acridoidea) in pesticide (azadirachtin)-induced radical toxicity in gonadal/nymphal tissues; correlation with eco-sustainability

Manna Balaram,Maiti Smarajit,Das Amlan 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.2

Acridids are highly abundant living-organism/major-component in agricultural field, globally. It may act as a dependable bio-indicator species in response to environmental-stress. Antioxidants protect insects by scavenging free radicals. Here, we investigated the dose dependant azadirachtin (C 35 H 44 O 16 AZT) toxicity on oxidativebiomarker; Alkaline-phosphatase (ALP), malondialdehyde (MDA), non-protein-soluble-thiol (NPSH) and antioxidants like superoxide-dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) and amylase of gonads from both sexes and juvenile tissues of common grasshopper, Spathosternum prasiniferum prasiniferum (Walker, 1871). The newly hatched adults (female: male = 1:1) are exposed to 1 to 20 ppm AZT for 48 h and have compared to control and 6 h incubation with same concentration of azadirachtin for in vitro experiments. Both in vivo and in vitro experiment demonstrated significant influences on oxidative biomarkers with increasing antioxidant enzymatic activities in either sex. The male gonads represents decreasing antioxidant enzyme activities compared to female gonads. Lesser protection by CAT and SOD are noticed in male than female in response to AZT exposure. This experiment suggests that azadirachtin increased the major biomarkers with decreasing antioxidant enzyme activities resulting in more free-radicals related threat in adult male gonads. Variable dose responses were noticed on ALP, AchE and MDA in either gender suggesting multiphasic action of the pesticides. Higher mortality rate is noticed in male with lower nymphal life span. Moreover, nymph II nd is more susceptible than nymph IV th in vitro intoxication of azadirachtin. Possible life threat of vast representatives of agricultural ecosystem by pesticide should be avoided to maintain different bio-geo cycle and eco-sustainability.

A 43 kD Protein Isolated from the Herb Cajanus indicus L Attenuates Sodium Fluoride-induced Hepatic and Renal Disorders in Vivo

Manna, Prasenjit,Sinha, Mahua,Sil, Parames C. Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.3

The herb, Cajanus indicus L, is well known for its hepatoprotective action. A 43 kD protein has been isolated, purified and partially sequenced from the leaves of this herb. A number of in vivo and in vitro studies carried out in our laboratory suggest that this protein might be a major component responsible for the hepatoprotective action of the herb. Our successive studies have been designed to evaluate the potential efficacy of this protein in protecting the hepatic as well as renal tissues from the sodium fluoride (NaF) induced oxidative stress. The experimental groups of mice were exposed to NaF at a dose of 600 ppm through drinking water for one week. This exposure significantly altered the activities of the antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and the cellular metabolites such as reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), total thiols, lipid peroxidation end products in liver and kidney compared to the normal mice. Intraperitoneal administration of the protein at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight for seven days followed by NaF treatment (600 ppm for next seven days) normalized the activities of the hepato-renal antioxidant enzymes, the level of cellular metabolites and lipid peroxidation end products. Post treatment with the protein for four days showed that it could help recovering the damages after NaF administration. Time-course study suggests that the protein could stimulate the recovery of both the organs faster than natural process. Effects of a known antioxidant, vitamin E, and a non-relevant protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) have been included in the study to validate the experimental data. Combining all, result suggests that NaF could induce severe oxidative stress both in the liver and kidney tissues in mice and the protein possessed the ability to attenuate that hepato-renal toxic effect of NaF probably via its antioxidant activity.

Endocytic Rab proteins are required for hepatitis C virus replication complex formation

Manna, D.,Aligo, J.,Xu, C.,Park, W.S.,Koc, H.,Do Heo, W.,Konan, K.V. Academic Press 2010 Virology Vol.398 No.1

During infection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS4B protein remodels host membranes to form HCV replication complexes (RC) which appear as foci under fluorescence microscopy (FM). To understand the role of Rab proteins in forming NS4B foci, cells expressing the HCV replicon were examined biochemically and via FM. First, we show that an isolated NS4B-bound subcellular fraction is competent for HCV RNA synthesis. Further, this fraction is differentially enriched in Rab1, 2, 5, 6 and 7. However, when examined via FM, NS4B foci appear to be selectively associated with Rab5 and Rab7 proteins. Additionally, dominant negative (DN) Rab6 expression impairs Rab5 recruitment into NS4B foci. Further, silencing of Rab5 or Rab7 resulted in a significant decrease in HCV genome replication. Finally, expression of DN Rab5 or Rab7 led to a reticular NS4B subcellular distribution, suggesting that endocytic proteins Rab5 and Rab7, but not Rab11, may facilitate NS4B foci formation.

Some Paranormed Difference Sequence Spaces Derived by Using Generalized Means

MANNA, ATANU,MAJI, AMIT,SRIVASTAVA, PARMESHWARY DAYAL Department of Mathematics 2015 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.55 No.4

This paper presents some new paranormed sequence spaces $X(r,s,t,p;{\Delta})$ where $X{\in}\{l_{\infty}(p),c(p),c_0(p),l(p)\}$ defined by using generalized means and difference operator. It is shown that these are complete linear metric spaces under suitable paranorms. Furthermore, the ${\alpha}$-, ${\beta}$-, ${\gamma}$-duals of these sequence spaces are computed and also obtained necessary and sufficient conditions for some matrix transformations from $X(r,s,t,p;{\Delta})$ to X. Finally, it is proved that the sequence space $l(r,s,t,p;{\Delta})$ is rotund when $p_n$ > 1 for all n and has the Kadec-Klee property.

A compressible finite element model for hyperelastic members under different modes of deformation

Manna, M.C.,Sheikh, A.H.,Bhattacharyya, R. Techno-Press 2006 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.24 No.2

The performance of a three dimensional non-linear finite element model for hyperelastic material considering the effect of compressibility is studied by analyzing rubber blocks under different modes of deformation. It includes simple tension, pure shear, simple shear, pure bending and a mixed mode combining compression, shear and bending. The compressibility of the hyperelastic material is represented in the strain energy function. The nonlinear formulation is based on updated Lagrangian (UL) technique. The displacement model is implemented with a twenty node brick element having u, ${\nu}$ and w as the degrees of freedom at each node. The results obtained by the present numerical model are compared with the analytical solutions available for the basic modes of deformation where the agreement between the results is found to be satisfactory. In this context some new results are generated for future references since the number of available results on the present problem is not sufficient enough.

WEAK AND STRONG CONVERGENCE THEOREMS FOR THREE STEP ITERATION OF ASYMPTOTICALLY FIRMLY TYPE NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS

Manna S. Ithaya Ezhil,Eldred A. Anthony 경남대학교 수학교육과 2019 Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications Vol.24 No.4

In this paper, we establish weak and strong convergence theorems using three step iteration schemes which is de ned by Xu and Noor, for an asymptotically rmly type nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces.