대구지역 치과의사들의 누적외상성 장애에 대한 조사

전만중,사공준,이중정,이희경,정종학 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.1

목 적 : 치과의사를 대상으로 누적외상성 장애의 증상유병률 및 양상을 조사하고 그 관련요인을 규명하여, 다양한 직종별 데이터 베이스 구축에 기초자료 제공 및 직종별 비교를 통한 누적왁상성 장애의 예방대책수립에 도움이 되고자 시행하였다.방 법 대구광역시에서 진료행위를 하고 있는 치과의사 512명을 대상으로 인구학적 요인과, 진료관련특성, 사회심리적요인, 자각증상에 대해 설문 조Al하였다. 사회심리적 특성으로는 직무요구도(5항목), 정신신체적 긴장도(5항목), 직무불만족도를 측정하였으며(Karasek, 1994), A형 행동양상도 함께 측정 하였다.자각증상에 대한 조사는 송동빈 등(1997)에 의해 개발된 자각증상 설문지를 이용하였으며 목, 어깨, 팔 및 팔꿈치, 손목, 손가락, 등에 통증이나 쑤심, 저림등의 불편한 증상과 관련된 변수들을 조사하였다.조사된 결과는 N10SH의 근골격계장애에 대한 감시를 위 한 기준을 적용하여 분석하였다.결 과 : N10SH 감시기준에 의한 누적외상성 장애 증상호소율이 63.3 %로 높게 나타났으며, 그 증상호소부위는 어깨, 목, 허리, 손과 손목, 무릎, 발과 발목의 순이였다. 진료위치는 9시에서 10시 방향에서의 접근이 가장 많았으며 이들 중 어깨 부위의 증상호소율이 가장 높았다.근무경력은 5년에서 10년 사이가 가장 많았으며 이들도 목과 어깨부위의 증상호소율이 가장 높았다.대상자들이 주로 보는 환자에 따른 증상 호소율은 치주치료를 주로 하는 경우 증상호소율이 가장 높았으며, 연령별로는 30~◎세에서 증상호소율이 70 %로가장 높았다. 성별로는 여성에서 증상호소율이 높았으며, 미흔인 대상자에서 증상호소율이 높게 나타났다. 일일 진료환자수에 따른 증상호소율은 21명 이상을 진료하게 되는 군에서 70 %로 가장 높았다.로지스틱 회귀분석을 한 결과 정신신체적긴장도와직무요구도가 높을수록 누적외상성 장애의 증상호소가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 A형 행동양상을 보일수록증상호소가 높았으며, 쳐근 3개월 동안에 진료위치를 변경한 경우도 증상호소가 높은 것으로 조사되었다.결 론 : 조사한 일반적, 직업적 특성, 진료판련특성 및 사회심리학적 특성을 독립변수로 하여 다변량로지스틱 회귀분석 결과 여성에서 누적 외상장애증상발현위험이 남성에 비해 높은 것으로 조사되었으며,정신신체적 긴장이 높을수록, A형 행동양상 일수록누적외상성 장애증상 발현위험이 높았다. 위의 결과로 볼 때 치과의사의 경우 숙련되고 섬세한 근골격계운동을 지속적으로 반복해야 한다는 특성파 불안정한자세를 장시간 취해야 한다는 작업적 특성으로 인한근골격계 장애의 발생은 물론이고 환자 만족도에도신경을 써야하는 등의 정신적 스트레스도 누적외상성장애를 일으킬 수 있는 위험요인이라 할 수 있겠다. Objective : To investigate the symptom prevalence and aspects of symptoms for cumulative trauma disorders in dentists and elucidate their associated factors. Methods : A questionnaire-based investigation on demographic factors, work-related characteristics, psychosocial factors and symptoms of 512 dentists practicing in Daegu metropolitan city was conducted. Subsets of psychosocial characteristics, including job demand(5 items), psychosomatic strain(5 items), job insecurity, and type A behavior were also assessed. For the evaluation of symptoms early developed questionnaire by Song (1997) was used to investigate the parameters related to pains in the neck, shoulder, arm and elbow, wrist, finger, back or discomforts, such as pricking and numbing. Results : The symptom prevalence of cumulative trauma disorders, calculated based on NIOSH criteria, was high at 63.3%; the most frequent site of complaint was the shoulder, followed by neck, back, hand and wrist, knee, foot and ankle. The most common approach position was direction of 9 to 10 o'clock. Most subjects had 5-10 years of work experience and those with such years of experience also complained most frequently of symptoms in the neck and shoulder areas. As to rate of symptom complaint according to the type of dental procedure, the highest rate was associated to periodontic treatment. According to age, those between the age of 30-40 had the highest symptom prevalence rate at 70 %. According to sex, women had the higher symptom prevalence rate. Unmarried subjects also had higher symptom prevalence rate. The results of logistic analysis showed that the higher the psychosomatic strain and job demand, the higher the symptom prevalence rate of cumulative trauma disorders. Moreover, the higher the score of type A behavior, the higher the symptom prevalence rate, and even those who changed the location of their practice for the last three months also showed high symptom prevalence rate. Conclusions : The results of multiple logistic regression analysis, which incorporated demographic, work-related and psychosocial characteristics as independent variables, showed that women were at a higher risk than men in developing cumulative trauma disorders; and that the higher the psychosomatic strain and more frequent type A behavior, the higher the risk of developing cumulative trauma disorders. The above results seem to suggest that not only continual, repeated fine and skillful musculoskeletal movements and lengthy hours in an uncomfortable position but also the psychological stress related to patient satisfaction, can lead to cumulative trauma disorders.

팜유와 대두유가 유과 바탕의 품질과 저장성에 미치는 영향

전예정,김중만,황호선,송영애,박효숙 한국식생활문화학회 2004 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.19 No.1

The shelf0life of Yugwa(Busuge)is very short because of the low oxidative stability of soybean oil which is conventionally used as the frying oil of Yugwa base with porous structures. To identify the possibility of replacing soybean oil with palm oil whose oxidative stability is high. POV(peroxide value). AV(acid value), colorness(L, a and b), hardness and sensory characteristics during storage of the Yugwa base fried with the soybean oil and palm oil stored in the anaerobic packaging or the aerobic packaging at 10 and 30℃ for 75 days were measured. POV and AV of the Yugwa base fried with palm oil were significantly lower than those of Yugwa fried with the soybean oil. Hardness and colorness were not different each other and, sensory evaluation was slightly higher than that fried with soybean oil. Lipid absorption amount was not significantly different between the Yugwa base fried with palm oil and the one fried with soybean oil.

부산지역 일부 종합병원의 컴퓨터 단말기 작업을 하는 여성 원무업무종사자들에 있어서 누적외상성장애에 대한 조사

전만중,유병철,고광욱,이용환 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

registration system were organized, computerized, and simplified. Especially the workers for the hospital registration desk were almost used computer all the working time. Therefore we assessed cumulative trauma disorder of registration desk workers related to computer use of general hospital. Methods: 62 women computer users who worked for registration desk of general hospitals in Busan were assessed from March to August, 2007. The workers were checked general characteristics(age, educational level, and marital status), work related characteristics, and symptoms by self-administered questionnaires. Results: Significantly decreased prevalences for cumulative trauma disorder were observed for subjects who had more educational level, the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorder was 69.2% among high school graduates, 38.2% among junior college graduates, and 20.0% among college graduates. Significantly increased prevalences for cumulative trauma disorder were observed for subjects who had more duration of computer use, the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorder was 56.5% for those who had used computer for more than 8 hours, 32.1% for those who had used computer for 4-7 hours, and 27.3% for those who had used computer for less than 3 hours. And Significantly increased prevalences for cumulative trauma disorder were observed for subjects who had more maximun daily computer use time without break, the prevalence of cumulative trauma disorder was 66.7% for those who had used computer for more than 7 hours, 38.1% for those who had used computer for 3-6 hours, and 21.7% for those who had used computer for less than 2 hours. Multiple logistic regression showed that subjects who had more maximum daily computer use time without break was more likely to report patient. Conclusion: Therefore these findings suggest that preventive interventions on hospital registration desk worker related to computer use were needed

남·북한 태권도의 비교 분석

전만중 한국체육사학회 2003 체육사학회지 Vol.12 No.-

Real conditions of divided Korean peninsular and real conditions of Taekwondo's two international groups seem to be in one coherence. However, peace has been kept in Korean peninsular, interchanges between South and North Korea have been done at the present, accordingly, South and North Korea must unify Taekwondo groups in order that Taekwondo could be continually selected as a regular sports event in the Olympics. Therefore, both the World Taekwondo Federation and the International Taekwondo Rederation must make efforts to elevate international rank of Taekwondo through more active activities, and strengthen the step to Olympic diplomacy through harmony and union of Taekwondo-related persons. For these purposes, respectable leaders need be trained, quality of judges must be enhanced, the judgment system must be rationalized, scientific Pumsae must be legislated, games must be operated rationally, overall game-levels must be elevated through developing Taekwnndo's playing techniques, conclusively, Taekwondo need become a major Olympic game. As Taekwondo was formally selected as a regular event in 2008 Olympics as well as afterward Olympics, screening standards need be understood sufficiently, all preparations must be competed to achieve an objective evaluation that Taekwondo has qualifications more perfectly than any other events. The World Championship Tournament that more than 100 nations participate in must be hold regularly, a tournament series in singles and team competition that both man players and woman players participate in must be hold by continents. Short ways for Taekwondo to be admitted as a permanent event are building the system for excellent players to participate in the Olympics, admitting Taekwondo's justifiableness, concreteness, techniques as an Olympic game, agreeing policies of the World Taekwondo Federation with purports of IOC, etc. The idea of cooperation, which is actualized by Taekwondo Federation, is directly connected with expansion of Olympism, therefore, it was important to confine that the result that Taekwondo was selected as a permanent Olympic event will greatly contribute to modern movements of Olympic games. Taekwondo not only has educational, ethical, social values of a sports game through Taekwondo education but also premises a Taekwondo educational campaign that encourages teenagers to cultivate moral disposition, do a character-building, and become an excellent democratic citizen. In addition, Taekwondo education should take charge of modem people's sound leisure-education, enhance people's physical health and mental well being, which might be helpful to elevate Taekwondo's phase. This spirit was on the same coherence with the all-round education focusing on human-centered education followed by Taekwondo as well as educational campaign for democratic citizens. Therefore, if Taekwondo implements a campaign informing that IOC conveys 「Modern Olympism」 to contribute to the world peace, it was expected that Taekwondo will be selected as a permanent and major Olympic game in 2004 and 2008.

감압병이 발생한 수산물 채취 잠수작업자의 신경행동기능

전만중 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.4

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the neurobehavioral performance of fishery divers who suffered from decompression sickness. Methods: Forty eight fishery divers were executed test of the Korean Performance Evaluation System (Symbol Digit). Each diver completed a medical and diving related exam and questionnaire. Their performance was compared with that of normal reference matched for age, sex, educational level, and local registered area. Results: The performances of Symbol Digit were found to be significantly lower than that of normal reference. Age and number of repetitive dive were correlated with neurobehavioral performance. Elder age and more frequent repetitive dive were related to poorer performance of Symbol Digit. Conclusion: According to the above results, the neurobehavioral performance of fishery divers suffered from decompression sickness decreased. These results suggest that the periodical health surveillance for divers with neurobehavioral test, and education of health related to diving are important for reducing the risk of decompression sickness.

키보드 형태가 컴퓨터 신경행동검사에 미치는 영향

전만중,김창윤,정종학,임우택,사공준 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도가 컴퓨터 신경행동검사에 미치는 영향을 평가하고, 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 수행할 때 키보드 형태의 영향을 평가하며, 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도와 신경행동검사 결과의 관련성에 키보드 형태의 영향을 평가함으로서 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도의 영향을 가장 적게 받는 신경행동검사 항목을 선택하고 향후 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 효과적으로 사용하는데 적합한 키보드의 형태를 결정하기 위하여 수행되었다. 방법 : 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도는 한글의 분당타자속도에 따라 컴퓨터를 사용한 경험이 전혀 없는 군(1군, 24명, 타자속도 0자/분), 컴퓨터를 사용하긴 하나 익숙지 않은 군(2군, 21명, 타자속도 200자/분 미만) 및 컴퓨터를 능숙하게 다루는 군(3군, 25명, 타자속도 200자/분 이상)으로 나누고 성별, 연령 및 학력을 조사하였다. 신경행동검사는 컴퓨터 신경행동검사 프로그램인 SPES-K를 이용하여 단순반응시간, 숫자더하기, 부호숫자짝짓기 및 손가락 두드리기 순으로 시행하였으며, 일반적으로 컴퓨터에 사용되는 106개의 키를 가진 키보드(1형), 일반적인 키보드를 검사에 사용되는 17개의 키(10개의 숫자키, 4개의 화살표 키, 양쪽 Ctrl키, 스페이스 바)만 두고 나머지 키는 제거한 키보드(2형) 및 11개의 키(10개의 숫자키, 스페이스 바)로 된 특별히 제작된 키보드(3형)를 이용하여 검사하였다. 결과 : 대상자들의 평균 연령은 1군이 49.9세, 2군이 33.6세 및 3군이 28.9세였으며, 각 군간의 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=58.88, p<0.001). 남녀의 구성은 1군, 2군 및 3군에서 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 교육수준은 1군이 평균 10.3년, 2군이 15.3년 및 3군이 17.1년으로 유의한 차이가 있었고(F=39.605, p<0.001), 분당 한글 타수는 1군은 0회, 2군은 평균 79.2회 및 3군은 224.2회였다(F=165.983, p<0.001). 단순반응시간, 숫자더하기, 손가락 두드리기에서 연령과 교육수준을 보정한 평균반응시간과 반응시간의 표준편차 및 오답수는 세 가지 키보드 형태 모두에서 세 군간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 부호숫자짝짓기에서는 1형 키보드 형태에서 연령과 교육수준을 보정한 후 1군은 3448msec, 2군은 2520msec 및 3군은 2753msec로 1군과 2군 사이에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=3.347, p=0.041, Bonferroni F 사후검정). 그러나 2형 키보드 형태나 3형 키보드 형태에서는 세 군간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 부호숫자짝짓기의 오답수는 연령과 교육수준을 보정한 후 세 가지 키보드 형태 모두에서 세 군간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 신경행동검사 결과를 한글 타자속도에 따른 각 군내로 한정하여 세 가지 키보드 형태간의 차이를 비교하면 단순반응시간, 숫자더하기 및 손가락 두드리기의 검사 결과는 세 가지 키보드 형태간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 부호숫자짝짓기의 경우 평균반응시간의 표준편차 및 오답수는 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 평균반응시간이 1군에서 1형 키보드로 검사를 한 경우 4630 msec, 2형 키보드로 검사한 경우 3265 msec 및 3형 키보드로 시행한 경우 3519 msec로 1형 키보드와 2형 키보드간 및 1형 키보드와 3형 키보드간에서 유의한 있었다(F=6.197, p=0.003, Bonferroni F 사후검정). 2군의 경우에는 세 가지 형태의 키보드 간에 유의한 차이가 없었고, 3군의 경우에는 1형 키보드로 검사한 경우 1915 msec, 2형 키보드로 검사한 경우 1761 msec 및 3형 키보드로 시행한 경우 1784 msec로 1형 키보드와 2형 키보드간 및 1형 키보드와 3형 키보드사이에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(F=8.950, p<0.001, Bonferroni F 사후검정). 결론 : 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도나 키보드에 의한 영향이 많다고 생각되는 근로자 집단에 대해 컴퓨터 신경행동검사를 수행하는 경우에는 단순반응시간, 숫자더하기 및 손가락 두드리기와 같은 검사항목이 다른 검사에 비해 타당성이 좋은 검사로 평가되었다. 그러나 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도나 키보드 형태에 영향을 받는 부호숫자짝짓기의 경우 대상자의 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도를 결과의 해석에 고려해야 할 것으로 생각되며, 부호숫자짝짓기의 타당성을 높이기 위해서는 적합한 키보드의 선택에 관한 고려가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 즉 부호숫자짝짓기의 경우 일반적인 1형 키보드에 비해 컴퓨터에 대한 친숙도의 영향을 감소시키는 경향을 보인 2형과 3형의 키보드 사용이 권고된다. Objectives: A stratified cross-over study was conducted to evaluate the effects of familiarity with computer on the performance of computerized neurobehavioral tests. Effects of keyboard type on the relationship between familiarity with computer and performance of computerized neurobehavioral tests were also examined. Methods: We tested 70 persons classified into three groups according to degree of familiarity with computer: Group 1 was people with no computer competency, Group 2 had slight working experience on the computer, and Group 3 were highly competent and efficient on the computer. For each group, we executed 4 tests of the Korean version of the Swedish Performance Evaluation System (Simple Reaction Time, Addition, Symbol Digit, and Finger Tapping Speed). Three types of keyboard were applied for all three groups. Type 1 keyboard was a conventional layout with 106 keys. We removed the unused keys except for the 17 which were used in the test and remodeled the normal keyboard into Type 2 keyboard with 17 keys (10 numeric keys, 4 arrow keys, space bar, and both CM keys). Type 3 keyboard with 11 keys consisted of 10 numeric keys and the space bas was newly developed for the computerized neurobehavioral performance test. Results: It was found that Simple Reaction Time, Addition, and Finger Tapping Speed were not affected by familiarity with computer and type of keyboard. The mean reaction time of Symbol Digit adjusted by age and educational level with Type 1 keyboard was found to have significant difference among the three groups (F=3.347, p=0.041). The performance of Symbol Digit in Group 1 was found to be significantly lower than that in Group 2. The performances of Symbol Digit measured with Types 2 and 3 keyboards were not found to have significant differences among the thee groups. In Groups 1 and 3, the performances of Symbol Digit measured with Type 1 keyboard were found to be significantly lower than those of other keyboards. Conclusions: According to the above results, Simple Reaction Time, Addition, and Finger Tapping Speed have high priority over other neurobehavioral tests for the workers having varying degrees of computer familiarity. It is also suggested that familiarity with computer and keyboard type needs to be considered in interpretation of the performance of Symbol Digit. We recommended executing the computerized neurobehavioral test with keyboards 2 or 3 to reduce the effect of computer familiarity.

AGV 용 서스펜션의 진동 모드에 관한연구 : 중력 가속도가 5G인 경우 A Case of Gravity Acceleration is 5G

주만식,김민주,이승수,최영철,추정근,김중완,전언찬 한국공작기계학회 2000 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

This study is to choose the most proper model for AGV throughout simulation of behavior of suspension to reduce trial and error because there is no AGV treating heavy weight at harbor loading and unloading at home. Therefore, we estimate the vibration modes of the various suspension applied to AGV, which is over 75 ton included the weight of two containers on 5G using the Matlab, one of the simulation programs

중력가속도의 변화에 따른 자동운반차량용 서스펜션의 진동모드에 관한 연구

주만식,김민주,이승수,최영철,추정근,김중완,전언찬 동아대학교 해양자원연구소 2000 硏究論文集 Vol.13 No.1

This study is to choose the most proper model for AGV Throughout simulation of behavior of suspension to reduce trial and error because there is no AGV treating heavy weight at harbor loading and unloading at home. Therefore, we estimate the vibration modes of the various suspensions applied to AGV, which is over 75 ton included the weight of two containers using the Matlab in the case of G and 5G, one of the simulation programs.

한천, Sodium Alginate 및 Carrageenan첨가가 유과(부수게)바탕의 품질에 미치는 영향

김중만,전예정,박효숙,송영애,백승화,김명곤 한국식생활문화학회 2005 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.20 No.1

This study was to evaluate effects of agar, sodium alginate and carrageenan on quality of Yugwa(Busuge) base. In the base preparation agar, sodium alginate and carrageenan were added 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 3.0%(w/w), respectively. Volume, shape, hardness. color(L, a and b value), crude lipid content and sensory evaluation(taste and crispness) of the Yugwa base was measured. Volume of the base was higher than control in case of 0.1~0.5%(w/w) agar, sodium alginate and carrageenan, of which sodium alginate was the highest. Shapes were similar to control. Hardness and crude lipid content was decreased proportional to amount of addition of the three seesweed polysaccharides. the whiteness(L-value) was increased but the yellowness(a-value) and the redness(bvalue) decreased. Taste and crispness were increased in the case of 0.1~1.0%(w/w) of sodium alginate, but agar and carrageenan decreased.

한국 복싱의 退潮에 관한 小考

김원기,전만중,박상호 한국체육사학회 2003 체육사학회지 Vol.12 No.-

This paper started from a necessity to reconsider boxing sports, the only sports game that brought about our patriotism during the time when most of us were poor, and flied away out stress and anger, also, that made us dream and have a hope. The boxing game attracted people's interest at that time, meeting the spirit of hungry. However, boxing sports became an unpopular game nobody pays attention to. The reason was that all boxing games mobilized many boxing players and enthusiastic audience in the past, but as GNP elevated greatly, there are few hungry persons, the spirit of hungry was subdued, the number of players drastically decreased, demand of audience reduced, people don't enjoy watching boxing games, there are few spectators in boxing gyms, no sponsors support relay broadcasting for boxing games. Furthermore, results have been very poor in various amateur international boxing match, all broadcasting stations became to dislike relay broadcasting of international matches. A certain broadcasting station regularly sent out pro-boxing game programs every weekend for 45 years as it took a full charge of pro-boxing game, but frequency of relay broadcasting reduced now, and the reason that the popularity rating is lower than other popular sports games made the station avoid relay broadcasting, These results mean that reducing number of TV relay broadcasting showing the highest PR effect made boxing games inactive. Summing up the study, the reasons that boxing games have declined popular sports games' appearing, high-leveled foreign players' watching TV games, the law of diminishing marginal utility, and democratized society. As a result, demand of boxing games rapidly reduced. However, boxing games in Korea must remember Kim, Ki-su's acquisition of championship on July the 25th, 1966, WBA championships obtained by 16 players including Hong, Su-wan, Yu, Myung-woo, Park, Jong-pal, Mun, Seong-kil, and 11 WBC championships acquired by Yeon, Dong-kyun, Jang, Jeong-gu. They surely won an international fame flying the taegeuk flag all over the world. Also, in spite of short history of woman pro-boxing, Lee, In-young acquired a world championship, therefore, Korea still has a hope to meet another new jumping moment.