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Machida, Yuichiro,Sagawa, Motoyasu,Tanaka, Makoto,Motono, Nozomu,Matsui, Takuma,Usuda, Katsuo,Uramoto, Hidetaka Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.10
Background: The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) is calculated from measured CRP and albumin levels. We here evaluated the significance of the GPS in patients with resected pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: The present study included 156 patients with lung adenocarcinoma who underwent lobectomy at Kanazawa Medical University between 2002 and 2012. Classification was into three groups: those with normal albumin (>=3.5 g/dl) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (<=1.0 mg/dl) levels were classified as GPS 0 (n =136), those with low albumin (<3.5 g/dl) or elevated CRP (>1.0 mg/dl) levels as GPS 1 (n = 16), and those with low albumin (<3.5 g/dl) and elevated CRP (>1.0 mg/dl) levels as GPS 2 (n = 4). We retrospectively investigated relationships between the patient characteristics including the GPS, and disease-free survival and cancer-specific survival. Results: The pathological stages of the patients were as follows: IA (n=78, 50%), IB (n=31, 19.9%), IIA (n=20.0, 12.8%), IIB (n=9.0, 5.7%), and IIIA (n=18.0, 11.5%). Lobectomy was performed in all cases. The average GPS was 0.15 (0-2) and showed significant relationships with stage and tumor size. The 2-year survival rates in patients with GPS0, 1 and 2 were 81.4%, 38.4%, and 25.0%, respectively. Clear correlations were noted with both cancer-specific survival and disease-free survival. Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that GPS was a significant prognostic factor. Conclusions: The GPS could be a prognostic factor for patients with resected pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
Hiroko Machida,Koji Matsuo,Yoichi Kobayashi,Mai Momomura,Fumiaki Takahashi,Tsutomu Tabata,Eiji Kondo,Wataru Yamagami,Yasuhiko Ebina,Masanori Kaneuchi,Satoru Nagase,Mikio Mikami 대한부인종양학회 2022 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.33 No.3
Objective: To assess the efficacy of the FIGO 2018 classification system for nodal-specific classifications for early-stage cervical cancer; specifically, to examine the impact of nodal metastasis on survival and the effect of postoperative treatments, according to histological subtypes. Methods: This society-based retrospective observational study in Japan examined 16,539 women with the 2009 FIGO stage IB1 cervical cancer who underwent primary surgical treatment from 2004 to 2015. Associations of cause-specific survival (CSS) with nodal metastasis and postoperative adjuvant therapy were examined according to histology type (squamous cell carcinoma [SCC], n=10,315; and non-SCC, n=6,224). Results: The nodal metastasis rate for SCC was higher than that for non-SCC (10.7% vs. 8.3%, p<0.001). In multivariable analysis, the impact of nodal metastasis on CSS was greater for non-SCC tumors (adjusted-hazard ratio [HR], 3.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.40– 4.02) than for SCC tumors (adjusted-HR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.70–2.84; p<0.001). Propensity score matching analysis showed significantly lower CSS rates for women with pelvic nodal metastasis from non-SCC tumors than from SCC tumors (5-year CSS rate, 75.4% vs. 90.3%, p<0.001).The CSS rates for women with nodal metastasis in SCC histology were similar between the postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy/radiotherapy and chemotherapy groups (89.2% vs. 86.1%, p=0.42), whereas those in non-SCC histology who received postoperative chemotherapy improved the CSS (74.1% vs. 67.7%, p=0.043). Conclusion: The node-specific staging system in the 2018 FIGO cervical cancer classification is applicable to both non-SCC tumors and SCC tumors; however, the prognostic significance of nodal metastases and efficacy of postoperative therapies vary according to histology.
A PWM Motor Speed Control System based on the Dual-Loop PLL
Hidekazu Machida,Michinobu Kambara,Kohta Tanaka,Taisuke Yamochi,Fuminori Kobayashi 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
PLL motor speed control systems can completely reject speed error and steady-state phase error for constantspeed input signals. However, it is not usually applied to systems with inputs including acceleration, because they have poor tracking speed and strange pull-in behavior. In the field of radio communication, “dual-loop PLL” is very effective for such signals. It can not only enable high-speed tracking, but also cancel phase error. This article shows that the principle can be applied, with some devices, to motor speed control, and a prototype implementation using PWM is described. Two supplemental techniques, called “active feedforward” and “active limiter”, are also incorporated, to achieve faster tracking and speed limitation. The scheme was implemented by programming an FPGA, and satisfiable results were obtained.
町田守弘 ( Machida Morihiro ) 고려대학교 한국어문교육연구소 2011 국제학술제 Vol.1 No.-
A teacher make her students read aloud a portion of a text allocated to them. Then, the teacher also read aloud the rest of the text for herself. While reading the text aloud, the teacher explains the meaning by sentence. The teacher writes important points related to the text on the blackboard as she explains the text. The students take notes of them carefully. The classroom is silent and every student seems to be actively engaged in their learning. However, the students listen to their teacher`s explanation, take notes, and memorize what they jot down since it is going to be on their exam. They learn what they take notes by rote not because they are interested in the lesson, but because they have a practical purpose to go to prestigious schools. These four steps - reading aloud, explanation, understanding, and memorization - seem to take strong root in Japanese literacy class. Can the students perform authentic and meaningful learning in the class? Does the teacher realize the potential results of their instructional method? I suggest that we Japanese educators stop stuffing their students` heads with traditional culture and knowledge based on a fixed standard. Instead, we should make our students realize the pleasure of reading and writing based on their personalities and interests. It is our task to move from teacher-centered literacy instruction to student-centered literacy instruction based on authentic texts and meaningful activities. Sato Manabu described the current situation of Japanese literacy education by using metaphoric expression that Japanese students are escaping from reading and writing. Classroom should be a place where students transact their different reading styles and processes together and share different meanings they constructed. If there are 40 students in a classroom, it means that there are 40 different reading practices. If the students are empowered and motivated to learn, they negotiate the different reading styles and processes together to create a classroom culture where all of them can participate actively. Media literacy based on technology can foster these shift from the cramming instruction to meaningful and authentic instruction. It connects our students "sub-cultures" from out-of-school literacy with a "main culture" of school literacy in productive ways. Educators might create digital reading materials based on students` sub-cultures to motive their reading and writing.
Who Supports Nuclear Armament in Japan? Threat Perceptions and Japan's Nuclear Armament
Satoshi Machida 서울대학교행정대학원 2014 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.22 No.2
The security environment in East Asia has been going through drastic changes. As China and North Korea pose a serious threat to Japan, the Japanese are now more concerned about the security issue in the region. Recognizing the highly volatile situation Japan is facing, the purpose of this study is to examine the issue of nuclear proliferation by focusing on people's attitudes in Japan. More specifically, it systematically analyzes the factors that can determine people's opinions of nuclear weapons by utilizing the survey data. The result of the statistical analysis suggests that threat perceptions significantly boost people's support for nuclear armament. Advancing our understanding of nuclear proliferation from a unique perspective, this study makes an important contribution to the literature, thus helping us predict Japan's security policy.
Studying Career Advancement of Women Coaches
Moe Machida,Deborah L. Feltz 한국코칭능력개발원 2013 International Journal of Coaching Science Vol.7 No.2
The representation of women coaches in athletics is still limited. Taking psychosocial perspectives, many researchers have studied “why” women are not gaining access to the higher coaching positions in athletics and have explored “how” to improve women’s status in coaching careers. Informed by social-cognitive theory, research literature, and leadership models, we present a model of women’s career advancement in coaching, which proposes leader self-efficacy as a focal career facilitating factor. We reviewed research on the effects of gender discrimination, extensive domestic responsibility, resiliency, and developmental experiences on women’s leader self-efficacy and career advancement. Methodological considerations for future research on this topic are also discussed.