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First upper limits on the radar cross section of cosmic-ray induced extensive air showers
Abbasi, R.U.,Abe, M.,Abou Bakr Othman, M.,Abu-Zayyad, T.,Allen, M.,Anderson, R.,Azuma, R.,Barcikowski, E.,Belz, J.W.,Bergman, D.R.,Besson, D.,Blake, S.A.,Byrne, M.,Cady, R.,Chae, M.J.,Cheon, B.G.,Chib North-Holland 2017 Astroparticle physics Vol.87 No.-
<P>TARA (Telescope Array Radar) is a cosmic ray radar detection experiment colocated with Telescope Array, the conventional surface scintillation detector (SD) and fluorescence telescope detector (FD) near Delta, Utah, U.S.A. The TARA detector combines a 40 kW, 54.1 MHz VHF transmitter and high-gain transmitting antenna which broadcasts the radar carrier over the SD array and within the FD field of view, towards a 250 MS/s DAQ receiver. TARA has been collecting data since 2013 with the primary goal of observing the radar signatures of extensive air showers (EAS). Simulations indicate that echoes are expected to be short in duration (similar to 10 mu s) and exhibit rapidly changing frequency, with rates on the order 1 MHz/mu s. The EAS radar cross-section (RCS) is currently unknown although it is the subject of over 70 years of speculation. A novel signal search technique is described in which the expected radar echo of a particular air shower is used as a matched filter template and compared to waveforms obtained by triggering the radar DAQ using the Telescope Array fluorescence detector. No evidence for the scattering of radio frequency radiation by EAS is obtained to date. We report the first quantitative RCS upper limits using EAS that triggered the Telescope Array Fluorescence Detector. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
The conversion of an organometallic compound into an intercalated thin-layer amorphous structure
Othman, M. R.,Fernando, W. J. N.,Kim, J. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2009 Applied Organometallic Chemistry Vol.23 No.10
<P>A thin alumina-hydrotalcite (Al-HT) film was fabricated from the synthesized boehmite and HT sol samples. The sols were a Newtonian fluid within 12 h of the sol synthesis and pseudo-plastic flow thereon. Co-precipitated HT demonstrated poorly crystallized periclase and spinel structures and apparent doublet peak of hydrotalcite at 2&thetas; = 39–44°, indicative of a disordered structure. The heated Al-HT sample demonstrated highly amorphous structure with single hydrotalcite peak but barely observed γ-alumina and γ-boehmite phases. The exfoliation of the spinel, gibbsite and periclase in the Al-HT was caused by the intercalation of boehmite into the HT layers that impeded the formation of the oxides phases. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>SEM images of thin (Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>0.98</SUB>[Mg<SUB>6</SUB>Al<SUB>2</SUB>(OH)<SUB>2</SUB>]<SUB>0.02</SUB> layer deposited by dip coating on a porous alumina (200 nm) that was used as a support material are shown. The Al-HT layer with thickness of 3–6 µm displays distinguishing denser, smoother surfaces and a more closely packed microstructure than its support material. <img src='wiley_img/02682605-2009-23-10-AOC1532-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/02682605-2009-23-10-AOC1532-gra001'> </P>
M. R. Othman,J. Kim 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.4
The development of CO₂ mono and multi-molecular layer adsorption was virtually impossible at relatively low △T and thin porous media, where the flow was predominantly laminar. Only sub-molecular layer coverage was achieved in this flow region. In a transient state, a multi-molecular layer of adsorption occurred at an accelerated pace even at low △T or increasing surface temperature. Ten of thousands of CO₂ molecules stacked up to form arrays of cohesive multi-molecular layers on the pore wall to completely fill up the micro and the meso-pore spaces and to partially fill up the macro-pores at △T = 5 K. The calculated adsorption of CO₂ from convective models was significantly higher in the turbulent system, in the order of 1 ×10 -7 -- 6 × 10 -6 kg/s in the region of △T = 15 -- 100 K. The adsorption rate increased with increasing △T and the adsorption film thickness increased with increasing pore length. The surface diffusivity also increased with increasing △T , regardless of the flow region. The development of CO₂ mono and multi-molecular layer adsorption was virtually impossible at relatively low △T and thin porous media, where the flow was predominantly laminar. Only sub-molecular layer coverage was achieved in this flow region. In a transient state, a multi-molecular layer of adsorption occurred at an accelerated pace even at low △T or increasing surface temperature. Ten of thousands of CO₂ molecules stacked up to form arrays of cohesive multi-molecular layers on the pore wall to completely fill up the micro and the meso-pore spaces and to partially fill up the macro-pores at △T = 5 K. The calculated adsorption of CO₂ from convective models was significantly higher in the turbulent system, in the order of 1 ×10 -7 -- 6 × 10 -6 kg/s in the region of △T = 15 -- 100 K. The adsorption rate increased with increasing △T and the adsorption film thickness increased with increasing pore length. The surface diffusivity also increased with increasing △T , regardless of the flow region.
Shabanah, Othman A AL,Alotaibi, Moureq R,Rejaie, Salim S Al,Alhoshani, Ali R,Almutairi, Mashal M,Alshammari, Musaad A,Hafez, Mohamed M Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.11
Objective: Breast cancer is global female health problem worldwide. Most of the currently used agents for breast cancer treatment have toxic side-effects. Ginseng root, an oriental medicine, has many health benefits and may exhibit direct anti-cancer properties. This study was performed to assess the effects of ginseng on breast cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: Cytotoxicity of ginseng extract was measured by MTT assay after exposure of MDA-MB-231, MCF-10A and MCF-7 breast cancer cells to concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mg/well. Expression levels of p21WAF, p16INK4A, Bcl-2, Bax and P53 genes were analyzed by quantitative real time PCR. Results: The treatment resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation in a dose-and time-dependent manner. p53, p21WAF1and p16INK4A expression levels were up-regulated in ginseng treated MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cancer cells compared to untreated controls and in MCF-10A cells. The expression levels of Bcl2 in the MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were down-regulated. In contrast, that of Bax was significantly up-regulated. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that ginseng may inhibit breast cancer cell growth by activation of the apoptotic pathway.
Othman, A. E.,Brockmann, C.,Yang, Z.,Kim, C.,Afat, S.,Pjontek, R.,Nikoubashman, O.,Brockmann, M. A.,Nikolaou, K.,Wiesmann, M. SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL 2016 EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY Vol.26 No.1
<P>To examine the impact of denoising on ultra-low-dose volume perfusion CT (ULD-VPCT) imaging in acute stroke. Simulated ULD-VPCT data sets at 20 % dose rate were generated from perfusion data sets of 20 patients with suspected ischemic stroke acquired at 80 kVp/180 mAs. Four data sets were generated from each ULD-VPCT data set: not-denoised (ND); denoised using spatiotemporal filter (D1); denoised using quanta-stream diffusion technique (D2); combination of both methods (D1 + D2). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was measured in the resulting 100 data sets. Image quality, presence/absence of ischemic lesions, CBV and CBF scores according to a modified ASPECTS score were assessed by two blinded readers. SNR and qualitative scores were highest for D1 + D2 and lowest for ND (all p a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 0.001). In 25 % of the patients, ND maps were not assessable and therefore excluded from further analyses. Compared to original data sets, in D2 and D1 + D2, readers correctly identified all patients with ischemic lesions (sensitivity 1.0, kappa 1.0). Lesion size was most accurately estimated for D1 + D2 with a sensitivity of 1.0 (CBV) and 0.94 (CBF) and an inter-rater agreement of 1.0 and 0.92, respectively. An appropriate combination of denoising techniques applied in ULD-VPCT produces diagnostically sufficient perfusion maps at substantially reduced dose rates as low as 20 % of the normal scan. aEuro cent Perfusion-CT is an accurate tool for the detection of brain ischemias. aEuro cent The high associated radiation doses are a major drawback of brain perfusion CT. aEuro cent Decreasing tube current in perfusion CT increases image noise and deteriorates image quality. aEuro cent Combination of different image-denoising techniques produces sufficient image quality from ultra-low-dose perfusion CT.</P>
SKP2/P27<sup>Kip1</sup> pathway is associated with Advanced Ovarian Cancer in Saudi Patients
Hafez, Mohamed M,Alhoshani, Ali R,Al-Hosaini, Khaled A,Alsharari, Shakir D,Al Rejaie, Salim S,Sayed-Ahmed, Mohamed M,Al-Shabanah, Othman A Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14
Background: Ovarian cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy and constitutes the fifth leading cause of female cancer death. Some biological parameters have prognostic roles in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and their expression may contribute to tumor progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential prognostic value of SKP2, genes P27Kip1, K-ras, c-Myc, COX2 and HER2 genes expression in ovarian cancer. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on two hundred formalin fixed paraffin embedded ovarian cancer and normal adjacent tissues (NAT). Gene expression levels were assessed using real time PCR and Western blotting. Results: Elevated expression levels of SKP2, K-ras, c-Myc, HER2 and COX2 genes were observed in 61.5% (123/200), 92.5% (185/200), 74% (148/200), 96 % (192/200), 90% (180/200) and 78.5% (157/200) of cancer tissues, respectively. High expression of SKP2 and down-regulation of P27 was associated with advanced stages of cancer. Conclusions: The association between high expression of c-Myc and SKP2 with low expression of P27 suggested that the Skp2-P27 pathway may play an important role in ovarian carcinogenesis. Reduced expression of P27 is associated with advanced stage of cancer and can be used as a biological marker in clinical routine assessment and management of women with advanced ovarian cancer.
J. JEEVAN,M.R. OTHMAN,A.H. SAHARUDDIN,G.K. PARK,T. M. H. DO 국제이네비해양경제학회 2018 International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Vol.10 No.1
In late 1950’s, the beginning of container revolution has started a new paradigm shift in maritime industry worldwide. This new paradigm has become a major reason for seaport systems to prepare their physical capacity, space availability, multi-modalism, transport connectivity via regionalisation. However, in early 2010’s the introduction of industrial revolution 4.0 (IR4.0) which starts the era of immersive digitalization proved that seaport systems need to be prepared to face pattern of unstable magnitudes in dynamic maritime trade. Therefore, this paper analyses key components required for Malaysian seaport system to be aligned with the key requirements in IR4.0. By employing document analysis, this research analyses the challenges faced by Malaysian seaport system as well as suggests strategies to muddle through the key requirements of IR4.0. The findings from this research indicate that Malaysian seaport system need to be improved by enforcing skill-based education system, flexibility in labour structure, development in skill and competence level as well as improvement in infrastructure suitability. The findings from this research also reflect significant strategies to improve seaport system in the era of IR4.0 including enhancing requirements for intermodal terminals, improving preparation for seaport alliances, developing mechanism for interoperability, improving utilisation of intra and interregional economic development as well as scrutinising safety and security.