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M. Srinivasa Rao,O. Shaila,P. Sreelakshmi,S. Vennila,M. Vanaja,A.V.M. Subba Rao,M. Maheswari,K. Sammi Reddy 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.2
Experiments were conducted to understand the direct and indirect effects of temperature and elevated CO2 (eCO2), on tritrophic interactions of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata L.), legume aphid Aphis craccivora Koch and coccinellid predator Menochilus sexmaculatus Fab. Reduction of the leaf nitrogen (6%), amino acid (6%) and protein (7%) of cowpea foliage with increased carbon (13%) and C:N ratio (21%) at eCO2 over aCO2 indicated the dilution of biochemical constituents at first trophic level. Shortened development time, DT and increment of reproductive rate, RR at eCO2 over ambient CO2(aCO2)was significant with increase in temperature from 20 to 35 °C. Reduction of the mean degree day, DD requirement of both nymphal (75.79 ± 15.163) and adult stages (157.15 ± 67.04) at eCO2 over aCO2 and same was reflected in the summation DD for both the stages at eCO2 (232.96 ± 80.32)and aCO2 (247.07 ± 64.77) across six temperatures. The ‘rm’ and ‘Ro’ increased gradually with increase in temperature followed the non-linear trend and reached maximum values at 27 °C with shortened ‘T’ across 20 to 35 °C temperatures at eCO2 indicating the significant variation of growth and development at the second trophic level. Decreased grub duration (23%) with increased predation capacity (19%) of M. sexmaculatus on A. craccivora at eCO2 over ambient was noted, indicating the incidence of A. craccivora is likely to be higher with increased predation in the future climate change scenario.
Siva Subba Rao Patange,S. Raja,Vijayakumar M. P.,V. R. Ranganath 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.5
Piezoelectric material based energy harvesting system (EHS) has been designed and developed to study the influence of delamination on EHS in low frequency vibrating beam structures. The stiffness reduction due to the presence of delamination of specified size and its location is evaluated using the harvested energy in different vibrating elastic modes. Four aluminium beam specimens were fabricated, each having two layers of 1 mm thickness and a specified dimension of delamination was introduced by using a thin Teflon film. The beam without delamination is considered to be healthy and served as the reference structure. The PZT-5H patches were surface bonded on the beams to work as energy harvesting transducers. A suitable electronic circuit is developed to receive the energy from the vibrating beam. The experimental results in terms of energy generated by the four laminated beams have been compared with analytical results at resonant conditions and correlated to assess the effect of delamination on energy produced by low frequency vibration modes. The location of delamination has made a significant change in the harvested energy of second and third bendings; in particular, the delaminations at edge and root have displayed a clear trend. Resonant and off-resonant excitations have revealed that the edge delaminated beam produces lower energy output. The current work has demonstrated that energy harvesting from different elastic modes and with a variable frequency at constant force excitation can be a useful health monitoring technique, employing low frequency vibration, besides utilising the harvested energy itself.
Spore Shedding in Catenella impudica from the Godavari Estuary at Bhiravapalem, India [Note]
G. M. Narasimha Rao,S.V.V.S.N. Dora,G. Subba Rangaiah 한국조류학회I 2008 ALGAE Vol.23 No.1
Catenella impudica (Mont.) J.Ag is an important species for human consumption from estuarine regions of Asia. Seasonal shedding of carpospores and tetraspores was quantified between January and December 2004 for natural populations of C. impudica. Vegetative and tetrasporophytic plants were available throughout the year but gametophytic plants were observed only from September to May. Tetraspore shedding was observed throughout the year and carpospores shedding was noticed only during the months when material was available. Hydrographical conditions of the estuary such as low water temperature and low salinity are correlated to the formation and release of carpospores and tetraspores in C.impudica
Hussain, Sk.K.,Rao, G.M.,Raju, G.S.R.,Krishna Bharat, L.,Subba Rao, P.S.V.,Yu, J.S. Elsevier [etc.] 2016 Journal of luminescence Vol.178 No.-
<P>Trivalent terbium (Tb3+) or samarium (Sm3+) ions individually activated green and orange emitting Sr2Gd8Si6O26 (SGSO) phosphors were synthesized by a citrate sol-gel method. The X-ray diffraction patterns of SGSO:Tb3+ and SGSO:Sm3+ phosphors exhibited the characteristic diffraction peaks of oxyapatite in a hexagonal lattice structure. The photoluminescence (PL) properties at ultraviolet (UV) or near-UV excitation wavelengths were measured for Tb3+ or Sm3+ ions doped SGSO phosphors as a function of its respective concentration. The PL spectra of SGSO:Tb3+ phosphors revealed the characteristic emission peaks of both Gd3+ and Tb3+ ions which are associated with 4f-4f transitions under 274 nm of excitation wavelength. When the concentration of Tb3+ ions increased over 0.05 mol (5 mol%), the emission intensities of D-5(3) transitions decreased due to the well-known cross-relaxation process. However, based on the intensities of D-5(4) transitions, the optimum concentration of Tb3+ ions was found to be 0.05 mol. Under 404 nm of excitation wavelength, the SGSO:Sm3+ phosphors exhibited the characteristic orange emission at 600 nm due to the (4)G(5/2) -> H-6(7/2) electronic transition. The optimum concentration of SGSO:Sm3+ phosphors was found to be 0.02 mol. The decay curves of the optimized SGSO:Tb3+ and SGSO:Sm3+ phosphors were well fitted to single exponential functions and their lifetimes were calculated. Furthermore, the optimized phosphor samples showed good thermal stability. Likewise, cathodoluminescence properties were also studied for the optimized samples as a function of filament current and accelerating voltage. The Commission International de I-Eclairage chromaticity coordinates were calculated for the SGSO:Tb3+ and SGSO:Sm3+ phosphors. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Veluturla, Sravanthi,Narula, Archna,Rao, D. Subba,Indraja., S,Kulkarni, Rajeswari. M. The Korean Institute of Chemical Engineers 2018 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.56 No.4
An increase in the global production of biodiesel has resulted in the newfound significance of its byproduct, glycerol. The synthesis of acetins is an economical avenue to enhance the value of glycerol derived from biodiesel. WE developed an eco-friendly process for the synthesis of fuel additives from glycerol using a mixed oxide $SO{_4}^{2-}/CeO_2-Al_2O_3$ as catalyst. The $CeO_2-Al_2O_3$ mixed oxide was synthesized by the combustion method and then sulfated. The characterization of the catalyst was by means of XRD, BET, FTIR, and SEM. The influence of temperature, mole ratio and catalyst loading on yield and selectivity of the acetins was studied for the esterification of glycerol. The reaction rate constants ($k_1$, $k_2$ and $k_3$) were estimated using optimization method in MAT lab, and the activation energies ($E_1$, $E_2$ and $E_3$) were determined by the Arrhenius equation. Furthermore, a kinetic model was developed.
Reddy, Lakshmi C. Narayana,Reddy, Rama Subba P.,Rao, Krishna K.S.V.,Subha, M.C.S.,Rao, Chowdoji K. Korean Chemical Society 2013 대한화학회지 Vol.57 No.4
Chitosan (CS) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) blend microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil emulsion technique and were loaded with an anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). CS-HPMC microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to confirm the cross-linking reaction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also used to assess the surface morphology of particles prepared. The quantity of release of 5-FU from the microspheres have been studied in terms of blend composition and amount of cross-linking agent. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction techniques indicated a uniform distribution of 5-FU particles in microspheres, whereas SEM suggested the spherical structure of the microspheres with slight rough surface. The in vitro drug release indicated that the particle size and release kinetics depend upon blend composition, amount of cross-linking agent used and amount of 5-FU present in the microspheres.
K. Seetha Ram,K. Satish Babu,G. Tabitha,K. Rajeshwari,G. Jaya Lakshmi,B. Boje Gowd,J. B. Peravali,M. Subba Rao,P. Venugopala Rao 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Bio-Science and Bio-Techn Vol.7 No.6
Most of the bacterial and other simple non glycosylated recombinant proteins were conventionally produced from IPTG inducible Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Considering the factors like cost and toxic nature of IPTG, as an alternative, salt inducible Escherichia coli GJ1158 was used in this study for the over production of staphylokinase variant (sak – hirulog) using fed batch fermentation, cost effectively. Optimization of physico chemical factors viz., dissolved oxygen (DO), carbon, nitrogen and phosphate sources on bacterial growth for the production of recombinant sak – hirulog using batch and fed batch fermentation was studied. In batch culture, increased DO at more than 30 % did not influence the enhanced expression of sak – hirulog, but significant improvement was observed in fed batch cultivation. Supplementation of production medium with different nutrient sources like dextrose, yeast extract and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K2HPO4) enhanced the sak – hirulog expression in fed batch fermentation process even without disturbing the cell growth by providing 50 % DO. Approximately 1178 mg/L of specific protein was obtained using cost effective modified glucose yeast exgtract (GYE) media devoid of sodium chloride. This study also reports the highest concentration of recombinant protein from salt inducible expression host till to date, which manages to satisfy the production of bifunctional staphaphylokinase variant using economically feasible bacterial expression host Escherichia coli GJ1158.