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Electronic and optical properties of strain-locked metallic Ti2O3 films
Lahneman D.J.,Kim H.,Jiang H.,Mathews S.A.,Lock E.,Prestigiacomo J.,Qazilbash M.M.,Rohde C.,Piqué A. 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.47 No.-
We successfully grow corundum structured Ti2O3 films on c-plane sapphire substrates using pulsed laser deposition. Temperature dependent resistivity measurements show that a metal to insulator transition (MIT) is suppressed, showing conducting behavior at all temperatures. Samples still show an increase in resistivity as temperature is decreased, a characteristic indicative of a semiconducting phase. Our films exhibit grain size on the order of 30 nm which induce a strain consistent with nanoparticle Ti2O3 showing a (c/a) ratio of 2.7. The imposed strain causes an increase in the c-axis length as the temperature is decreased, and thereby suppresses the transition to an insulating phase. Our optical data agrees with this result, showing the lack of a band gap and the electronic structure consistent with bulk high temperature metallic Ti2O3 with the a1g - eπg interband transition shifted down to 0.7 eV from its bulk insulating value of ~1 eV.
Stajkovic, A.D.,Bandura, A.,Locke, E.A.,Lee, D.,Sergent, K. Pergamon 2018 Personality and Individual Differences Vol.120 No.-
The Big Five personality traits and self-efficacy independently relate to a multitude of outcomes across domains of functioning. Yet, only a small number of studies examined these variables together as part of the same conceptual model, and findings are mixed. We revisit their joint relationships, and test three conceptual models of influence on academic performance of college students over a semester. Because of the key role college graduates will play in society, many have a stake in better understanding their performance. The trait model specifies that the Big Five traits influence performance directly and indirectly through partial mediation of self-efficacy. In the independent model, the Big Five traits influence self-efficacy and performance independently, without mediation of self-efficacy. In the intrapersonal model, the effects of the Big Five traits on performance are fully mediated by self-efficacy. We collected data in five samples, three Universities, and two countries, N=875, and conducted a meta-analytic path-analysis. Self-efficacy positively related to academic performance across the models, conscientiousness and emotional stability were predictive of self-efficacy and performance in some analyses, and the significance of the other three traits was fleeting.
Association of brain heptachlor epoxide and other organochlorine compounds with lewy pathology
Ross, G. Webster,Abbott, Robert D.,Petrovitch, Helen,Duda, John E.,Tanner, Caroline M.,Zarow, Chris,Uyehara‐,Lock, Jane H.,Masaki, Kamal H.,Launer, Lenore J.,Studabaker, William B.,White, Lon R. John Wiley Sons, Inc. 2019 Movement disorders Vol.34 No.2
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Organochlorine pesticides are associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease. A preliminary analysis from the Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study suggested that heptachlor epoxide, a metabolite from an organochlorine pesticide extensively used in Hawaii, may be especially important. This was a cross sectional analysis to evaluate the association of heptachlor epoxide and other organochlorine compounds with Lewy pathology in an expanded survey of brain organochlorine residues from the longitudinal Honolulu‐Asia Aging Study.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Organochlorines were measured in frozen occipital or temporal lobes in 705 brains using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Lewy pathology was identified using hematoxylin and eosin‐ and α‐synuclein immunochemistry‐stained sections from multiple brain regions.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The prevalence of Lewy pathology was nearly doubled in the presence versus the absence of heptachlor epoxide (30.1% versus 16.3%, <I>P</I> < 0.001). Although associations with other compounds were weaker, hexachlorobenzene (<I>P</I> = 0.003) and α‐chlordane (<I>P</I> = 0.007) were also related to Lewy pathology. Most of the latter associations, however, were a result of confounding from heptachlor epoxide. Neither compound was significantly related to Lewy pathology after adjustment for heptachlor epoxide. In contrast, the association of heptachlor epoxide with Lewy pathology remained significant after adjustments for hexachlorobenzene (<I>P</I> = 0.013) or α‐chlordane (<I>P</I> = 0.005). Findings were unchanged after removal of cases of PD and adjustment for age and other characteristics.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Organochlorine pesticides are associated with the presence of Lewy pathology in the brain, even after exclusion of PD cases. Although most of the association is through heptachlor epoxide, the role of other organochlorine compounds is in need of clarification. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society</P>
Horikoshi, Momoko,Pasquali, Lorenzo,Wiltshire, Steven,Huyghe, Jeroen R.,Mahajan, Anubha,Asimit, Jennifer L.,Ferreira, Teresa,Locke, Adam E.,Robertson, Neil R.,Wang, Xu,Sim, Xueling,Fujita, Hayato,Hara IRL Press 2016 Human molecular genetics Vol.25 No.10
<P>To gain insight into potential regulatory mechanisms through which the effects of variants at four established type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility loci (<I>CDKAL1</I>, <I>CDKN2A-B</I>, <I>IGF2BP2</I> and <I>KCNQ1</I>) are mediated, we undertook transancestral fine-mapping in 22 086 cases and 42 539 controls of East Asian, European, South Asian, African American and Mexican American descent. Through high-density imputation and conditional analyses, we identified seven distinct association signals at these four loci, each with allelic effects on T2D susceptibility that were homogenous across ancestry groups. By leveraging differences in the structure of linkage disequilibrium between diverse populations, and increased sample size, we localised the variants most likely to drive each distinct association signal. We demonstrated that integration of these genetic fine-mapping data with genomic annotation can highlight potential causal regulatory elements in T2D-relevant tissues. These analyses provide insight into the mechanisms through which T2D association signals are mediated, and suggest future routes to understanding the biology of specific disease susceptibility loci.</P>