Toothpaste microstructure and rheological behaviors including aging and partial rejuvenation

Zhiwei Liu,Lei Liu,Huan Zhou,Jiali Wang,Linhong Deng 한국유변학회 2015 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.27 No.3

Toothpastes are mainly composed of a dense suspension of abrasive substances, flavors, and therapeutic ingredients in a background liquid of humectants and water, and usually exhibit complex rheological behaviors. However, the relationship between the rheology and microstructure of toothpaste remains to be studied. In this paper, three commonly used toothpastes, namely Colgate, Darlie and Yunnan Baiyao (Ynby), were qualitatively and quantitatively studied as soft glassy materials. We found that although the three toothpastes generally behaved in similar fashion in terms of rheology, each particular one was distinct from others in terms of the quantitative magnitude of the rheologcial properties including thixotropy, creep and relaxation, yield stress, and power-law dependence of modulus on frequency. In addition, the history-dependent effects were interpreted in terms of aging and rejuvenation phenomena, analogous to those existing in glassy systems, and Ynby seemed to result in greater extent of aging and rejuvenation as compared to the other two. All these differences in toothpaste rheology may well be attributed to the different microscopic network microstructures as observed in this study. Therefore, this study provides first evidence of microstructurebased rheological behaviors of toothpaste, which may be useful for optimizing its composition, manufacturing processing as well as end-user applications

Effect of cement as mineral filler on the performance development of emulsified asphalt concrete

Liu, Baoju,Wu, Xiang,Shi, Jinyan,Wu, Xiaolong,Jiang, Junyi,Qin, Jiali Techno-Press 2020 Advances in concrete construction Vol.10 No.6

Cold-mixed asphalt mixture is a widely recommended asphalt pavement materials with potentially economic and environmental benefits. Due to the reduction of natural non-renewable mineral resources, powder minerals with similar properties are considered as new mineral fillers in asphalt mixtures. This study explored the feasibility of using cement to replace natural limestone powder (LP) in emulsified asphalt concrete modified by styrene-butadiene styrene copolymer. The experimental tests, including compressive strength, Marshall stability as well as moisture susceptibility test, were used to investigate the mechanical properties, the Marshall stability, flow value, as well as the moisture damage. In addition, the influence of material composition on the performance of asphalt concrete is explained by the microstructure evolution of the pore structure, the interface transition zone (ITZ), and the micromorphology. Due to mineralogical reactivity of cement, its replacement part of LP improved the mechanical properties, Marshall stability, but it will reduce the moisture susceptibility and flow value. This is because with the increase of the cement substitution rate, the pore structure of the asphalt concrete is refined, the width of ITZ becomes smaller, and the microstructure is more compact. In addition, asphalt concrete with a larger nominal particle size (AC-16) has relatively better performance.

Influence of Silane-based Impregnation Agent on the Permeability of Concretes

Baoju Liu,Jiali Qin,Minghua Sun 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.8

Three types of silane-based impregnation agent (short for SIA) are used to treat the concrete surface, and the influence of water/ binder (W/B) ratio, mineral admixtures, curing methods, the type and dosage of SIA on the capillary water absorption and electric flux of concretes is examined. Results show that the penetration depth of SIA increases with the increasing of the W/B ratio and SIA dosage, and is related to the type of SIA. Surface treatment by SIA can reduce capillary water absorption and electric flux of concretes, the W/B ratio and curing methods are no longer the main factor, the increasing of the SIA dosage can further improve the surface protection effect of concrete. Mineral admixtures improve the compactness of concretes, and the combined effects of surface treatment and admixtures can evidently enhance the impermeability of concrete. Different types of SIAs have different mechanisms of action on the surface treatment of concrete, and thus have different impacts on the permeability of concrete. The concrete treated by SIA2 with the effects of the penetration and the formation of surface film layer has lower permeability.

Tea seed saponin(TSS) improve lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in high fat diet(HFD)-induced obese mice

Shuang Liu,Huishan Qin,Yanmin Su,Jiali Li,Wenjing Cao,Wen He,Zhen Zeng,Qi Qi Pang,Jia-Le Song 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

To investigate the effect of TSS on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in HFD mice. The body weight and food intake were observed. The serum SOD, MDA, GSH, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C were determined by kits. Western Blotting was used to detect the levels of PPAR-γ, AMPK, SIRT1 and PGC-1α. TSS treatment reduced the body weight, Lee"s index and fat organ indices of mice in the HFD group. Compared with the control(CON) group, the serum TC, TG and LDL-C in the HFD group were increased, Administrated with TSS can improve abnormal blood lipid levels. Compared with the CON group, the serum SOD level in HFD group was significantly reduced(P<0.05), and MDA level was increased; while the levels of serum MDA in the TSS group decreased and SOD level increased. The pathological sections showed that TSS could improve the degree of hepatic steatosis. TSS also increased the levels of PPAR-γ, AMPK, SIRT1 and PGC-1α, and the effect of the high-dose group was the most significant. TSS can reduce body weight and fat accumulation, improve lipid metabolism disorder and oxidative stress caused by HFD.

Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation for highly efficient mineralization of phenol with La-modified Ce/γ-Al₂O₃

Qijie Liu,Erhao Gao,Jing Li,Jiali Zhu,Sheng Feng,Zuliang Wu,Shuiliang Yao 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.6

Performance Assessment of Arch-shaped Primary Lining during Construction in Weak Rock Shallow-buried Tunnel

Yingqi Liu,Xiedong Zhang,Jiali Li,Zhihua Zhang,Hang Zhang 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.23 No.1

Tunnels excavated through weak rock masses using the Shallow Tunneling Method (STM) call for rigid lining support to withstand and constrain the mobility of the unstable rock where its performance needs to be assessed with field measured data in case of potential failure. For fear of any further hazards after the occurrence of a rock fall at chainage km 86,685 m in the Longsheng Tunnels, the monitoring plan was specially modified to accurately obtain the relative vertical and horizontal displacements of the steel rib component in the arch-shaped composite rigid primary lining that was simply placed on the heading. In this paper, the weak rock masses’ interaction with the rigid lining is treated as unknown distributed loads divided into radial and tangential directions, where the influence line theory is applied to better understand the response of the lining so as to facilitate a displacement-based back analysis for unknown rock mass loads and the resultant stress outcome. By comparing the back analyzed stress outcome with the measured one, the proposed performance assessing method for the unclosed arch-shaped lining was proven to be time efficient with acceptable accuracy, which is of considerable application potential and can provide a reference for similar engineering.

Nattokinase Crude Extract Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth in Mice

( Yongmin Yan ),( Yanjing Wang ),( Jiali Qian ),( Sihui Wu ),( Yi Ji ),( Yanxiao Liu ),( Jian Zeng ),( Aihua Gong ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.8

Nattokinase (NK, E.C. 3.4.21.62) is a serine protease produced by Bacillus subtilis natto that shows promise for the treatment of thrombotic disease. In this study, we assessed the effects of NK on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a principal malignancy of the liver that causes morbidity and mortality worldwide. Crude extracts of NK (NCE) were isolated from fermentation medium by centrifugation and separated into three fractions (< 10 K, 100~30 K and >30K). Orthotopic HCC mouse models were established and NCE was administered by oral gavage. H&E staining was performed to examine the pathology of HCC livers. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate FOXM1, CD31, CD44 and vimentin expression in the liver. Compared to PBS groups, NCE increased the survival rates of HCC-bearing mice to 31% and decreased ascites. Low-intensity ultrasound imaging showed that the hypoechoic mass area was lower in NCE-treated mice and that tumor growth significantly decreased. IHC staining showed that the expression of FOXM1 was inhibited by NCE treatment. Immunofluorescence results revealed lower levels of CD31, CD44 and vimentin in the NCE groups. Taken together, these data demonstrate that NCE from Bacillus subtilis natto improves survival and inhibits tumor growth in HCC mice.

Effects of Acupuncture on 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Mice

Cuicui Chen,Xiaozhu Liu,Yinfeng Li,Huankun Liang,Kangyan Li,Jiali Li,Chengwu Cheng,Xianpan Liu,Shuhai Zhong,Laiqing Li,Yan Wang 사단법인약침학회 2017 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.10 No.4

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Topical corticosteroids are the first-line therapy for ACD despite their significant adverse effects. Acupuncture has been widely used in the treatment of various skin diseases, but its underlying mechanism remains unrevealed. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of acupuncture treatment based on effectiveness and mechanism. BALB/c mice received 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) application to build AD-like model. Results showed that acupuncture was an effective treatment method in inhibiting inflammatory conditions, serum IgE levels, and expression of proinflammatory cytokine Th2 (IL-4, IL-6), and Th2 (IL-1b, TNF-a) mRNA compared with DNCB treatment. Acupuncture treatment also inhibited nuclear factor-kB p65, phosphorylation of IkBa, and phosphorylation of occludin proteins expression. Furthermore, it could improve the expression of epidermal growth factor in both mRNA and protein levels. These results suggest that acupuncture, as an alternative therapy treatment for its no significant side effects, was effective in alleviating ACD by reducing proinflammatory cytokines and changing proteins’ expression.

Sorption behavior of Eu(III) on Tamusu clay under strong ionic strength: Batch experiments and BSE/EDS analysis

Zhang, Han,He, Hanyi,Liu, Jun,Li, Honghui,Zhao, Shuaiwei,Jia, Meilan,Yang, Jijun,Liu, Ning,Yang, Yuanyou,Liao, Jiali Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.1

The europium sorption on Tamusu clay was investigated by batch sorption experiments and spectroscopic study under the condition of strong ionic strength. The results demonstrated that europium sorption on Tamusu clay increased rapidly with pH value, but decreased with the ionic strength of solution increased. The europium sorption also increased in the presence of humic acid, especially at low pH value. The sorption could be fitted by Freundlich isotherm model and the europium sorption on clay was spontaneous and endothermic reaction. Besides, the result indicates that ion exchange was the main process at low pH value, while inner-sphere surface complexation dominated the sorption process at high pH value. The Backscatter electron scanning/Energy Dispersive Spectrometer(BSE/EDS) and the effect of Na for europium sorption results further suggested that europium sorption on Tamusu clay mainly competed with Na at low pH value. Overall, the results in this research were of significance to understand the sorption behavior of europium on the geological media under high ionic strength.

Overexpression of antisense phosphatase 2C affords cold resistance in hybrid Populus davidiana ×  Populus bolleana

Ajab Zainab,Xin Wang,Jiali Liu,Majeed Zahid,Guan Qingjie 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.10

Background Overexpression of the abiotic and biotic stress-resistance genes of the plant signaling pathway is well known for its signifcant role in the regulation of plant growth and enhancement of the productivity of agricultural land under changing climatic conditions. Objectives This research aimed to clone Populus davidiana×Populus bolleana PP2C (PdPP2C) gene and analyze its structure and function, and downregulate PdPP2C by overexpression of its antisense PdPP2C (AS-PdPP2C) gene for enhancing cold resistance in transgenic lines of hybrid P. davidiana×P. bolleana. Methods PdPP2C was cloned and transformed to identify its function, and its antisense was overexpressed via downregulation to increase the cold resistance in transgenic lines of hybrid P. davidiana×P. bolleana. Results Antisense inhibition of protein phosphatase 2C accelerates the cold acclimation of Poplar (P. davidiana×P. bolleana) gene in terms of antifreeze. Conclusion PdPP2C was expressed in the roots, stems, and leaves of P. davidiana×P. bolleana, and the expression was higher in the leaves. The expression of PdPP2C was also signifcantly downregulated at low-temperature (0 °C and 4 °C) stress. The relative conductivity and malondialdehyde content of non-transgenic lines were higher than those of AS-PdPP2C lines after 2 days of cold treatment at−1 °C. The leaves of the transgenic lines were not wilted and showed no chlorosis compared with those of the non-transgenic lines. The AS-PdPP2C transgenic lines also showed higher freezing resistance than the non-transgenic lines. AS-PdPP2C participated in the regulation of freezing resistance.