Nanostructured carbon-based cathode catalysts for nonaqueous lithium–oxygen batteries

Li, Qing,Cao, Ruiguo,Cho, Jaephil,Wu, Gang The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.16 No.27

<P>Although lithium-ion batteries are traditionally considered to be the most promising candidate for electrochemical energy storage owing to their relatively long cycle life and high energy efficiency, their limited energy density as well as high cost are still causing a bottleneck for their long-term applications. Alternatively, rechargeable Li–O<SUB>2</SUB> batteries have the potential to practically provide 3–5 times the gravimetric energy density of conventional Li-ion batteries. However, the lack of advanced electrode design and efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction–evolution reactions remains as one of the grand challenges before this technology can be commercialized. Among various catalyst formulations, nanocarbon composite materials have been recognized as the most promising ones for Li–O<SUB>2</SUB> batteries because of their reasonable balance among catalytic activity, durability, and cost. In this perspective, the recent progress in the development of nanostructured carbon-based electrocatalysts for nonaqueous Li–O<SUB>2</SUB> batteries is discussed, including metal-free carbon catalysts, transition-metal–nitrogen–carbon composite catalysts, and transition-metal-compounds/nanocarbon catalysts. The morphology–performance correlations of these catalysts are highlighted, aiming to provide guidance for rationally designing advanced catalysts.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Structure–activity correlations of nanocarbon oxygen cathode catalysts for nonaqueous Li–O<SUB>2</SUB> batteries are discussed, providing guidance for rational catalyst design. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4cp00225c'> </P>

Dislocation Density-Based Constitutive Model and Processing Map for T2 Copper During Isothermal and Time-Variant Deformation

Gang Chen,Yu Jin,Jing Wang,Cheng Zhang,Qiang Chen,Hongming Zhang,Xingjian Zhao,Zhiyong Li,Changhai Xie,Zhiming Du 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.9

Isothermal compression tests were carried out to study the hot deformation behavior of T2 copper under various conditions. The deformation parameters, such as temperature and strain rate, have strong influence on flow stress and microstructureevolution of the alloy. A unified dislocation density-based model considering dynamic recovery and recrystallization wasestablished. And material parameters of the developed model were optimized by genetic algorithm. Comparisons betweenthe experimental and model data demonstrates that the developed model can precisely describe the flow behavior at quitewide range of deformation conditions. Meanwhile, the designed iterative procedure allows the model to be applied in timevariantdeformation conditions. Processing map and microstructure examination were constructed to optimize the processingwindow of the studied alloy. According to the processing maps, flow instability mainly appeared at low temperatures of500–650 °C and strain rates higher than 0.1 s−1. The optimum deformation parameters of T2 copper was concluded as thetemperature range of 700–800 °C and the strain rate of 0.1–1 s−1.

Characteristics of isolated lactic acid bacteria and their effects on the silage quality

Siran Wang,Xianjun Yuan,Zhihao Dong,Junfeng Li,Gang Guo,Yunfeng Bai,Junyu Zhang,Tao Shao 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.6

Objective: Four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from common vetch, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass on the Tibetan Plateau were characterized, and their effects on the fermentation quality of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage were studied. Methods: The four isolated strains and one commercial inoculant (G, Lactobacillus plantarum MTD-1) were evaluated using the acid production ability test, morphological observation, Gram staining, physiological, biochemical and acid tolerance tests. The five LAB strains were added to Italian ryegrass for ensiling at three different temperatures (10°C, 15°C, and 25°C). Results: All isolated strains (LCG3, LTG7, I5, and LI3) could grow at 5°C to 20°C, pH 3.0 to 8.0 and NaCl (3.0%, 6.5%). Strains LCG3, LTG7, I5, and LI3 were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus paraplantarum, and Lactobacillus casei by sequencing 16S rDNA, respectively. All LAB inoculants significantly (p<0.05) increased lactic acid (LA) contents and ratios of lactic acid to acetic acid, and reduced pH and ammonia nitrogen/ total nitrogen (AN/TN) compared with uninoculated silages at various temperatures (10°C, 15°C, and 25°C). Compared to the commercial inoculant G, I5, and LI3 showed similar effects on improving the silage quality of Italian ryegrass at 10°C and 15°C, indicated by similar pH, LA content and AN/TN. Conclusion: All inoculants could improve the silage fermentation quality at various temperatures (10°C, 15°C, and 25°C). At the temperature of 10°C and 15°C, strain I5 and LI3 had similar effects with the commercial inoculant G on improving the silage quality of Italian ryegrass.

철근 이음형 PC 보-기둥 내부 접합부의 구조적 거동에 관한 실험적 연구

김승훈,하상수,문정호,이리형,이강철,전병갑 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

In this study, new moment-resisting precast concrete beam-column joint is proposed for moderate seismic regions. It has the connection reinforcing bars, penetrated the joint and lap-spliced with the bottom bars of precast U-beam. An experimental study was carried out to investigate the joint behavior subjected to reverse cyclic loading and constant axial compressive load. Three precast beam-column interior were tested. The variables examined were the type of connection reinforcing bars and presence of transverse reinforcement in joint. Joint performance is evaluated on the basis of connection .strength, stiffness, energy dissipation, and drift capacity. Based on the test results, the precast connection is capable of matching or exceeding the performance of the monolithic connection and thereby provides the sufficient moment-resisting behavior to be applicable for moderate seismic regions.

Modeling urban building energy use: A review of modeling approaches and procedures

Li, Wenliang,Zhou, Yuyu,Cetin, Kristen,Eom, Jiyong,Wang, Yu,Chen, Gang,Zhang, Xuesong Elsevier 2017 ENERGY Vol.141 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>With rapid urbanization and economic development, the world has been experiencing an unprecedented increase in energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. While reducing energy consumption and GHG emissions is a common interest shared by major developed and developing countries, actions to enable these global reductions are generally implemented at the city scale. This is because baseline information from individual cities plays an important role in identifying economical options for improving building energy efficiency and reducing GHG emissions. Numerous approaches have been proposed for modeling urban building energy use in the past decades. This paper aims to provide an up-to-date review of the broad categories of energy models for urban buildings and describes the basic workflow of physics-based, bottom-up models and their applications in simulating urban-scale building energy use. Because there are significant differences across models with varied potential for application, strengths and weaknesses of the reviewed models are also presented. This is followed by a discussion of challenging issues associated with model preparation and calibration.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Advances in urban buildings energy models are reviewed. </LI> <LI> Strengths and weaknesses of urban building energy models are discussed. </LI> <LI> The workflow of physics-based bottom-up models are illuminated. </LI> <LI> Challenges and future research avenues in urban buildings energy use modeling are highlighted. </LI> </UL> </P>

Red, green, and blue fluorescent folate-receptor-targeting carbon dots for cervical cancer cellular and tissue imaging

Li, Shihao,Jiang, Jie,Yan, Yinan,Wang, Ping,Huang, Gang,Kim, Nam hoon,Lee, Joong Hee,He, Dannong Elsevier 2018 Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for Vol.93 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Folate receptor targeted photo-luminescent quantum carbon dots (Fr-CDs) were successfully prepared from folic acid and phenylenediamine isomers through hydrothermal approaches. Fr-CDs were spherical particles smaller than 10 nm, and emit stable green, blue and red luminescence under ultraviolet region excitation (λex = 365 nm) with maximum emissive lengths at 530, 429, and 612 nm. And the corresponding photoluminescence quantum yield as 15.4%, 12.6% and 16.2% respectively. Up-converted photoluminescent properties in near infrared 800 nm spectral region located in green, blue and yellow region. In-vitro studies showed Fr-CDs had almost none cytotoxicity (cell viability over 80%) and high affinitive to the Hela celline highly-expressed-folate-receptor membranes, and lighted on cytoplasm as the fluorescent marker. It displayed long luminescent-stability with PL intensity above 90% in ultraviolet illuminant exposure over 24 h. In in-vivo studies, Fr-CDs were internalized and accumulated in targeted cancer tissues of cervical carcinoma and the emitting fluorescence maintains over 30 min.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Multicolor carbon dots was prepared from folic acid and phenylenediamin isomers. </LI> <LI> These carbon dots exhibit targeting abilities with high affinity to ovarian cancer cells and tissues. </LI> <LI> Ultra-violet and near-infrared light excited photo-luminescent spectrums were investigated, and related quantum yield was calculated. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>FA-doped CDs can effectively target ovarian cancer cells and aggregate in ovarian tumor tissue in a short 15 min.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Gyral net: A new representation of cortical folding organization

Chen, Hanbo,Li, Yujie,Ge, Fangfei,Li, Gang,Shen, Dinggang,Liu, Tianming Elsevier 2017 Medical image analysis Vol.42 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>One distinct feature of the cerebral cortex is its convex (gyri) and concave (sulci) folding patterns. Due to the remarkable complexity and variability of gyral/sulcal shapes, it has been challenging to quantitatively model their organization patterns. Inspired by the observation that the lines of gyral crests can form a connected graph on each brain hemisphere, we propose a new representation of cortical gyri/sulci organization pattern – gyral net, which models cortical architecture from a graph perspective, starting with nodes and edges obtained from the reconstructed cortical surfaces. A novel computational framework is developed to efficiently and automatically construct gyral nets from surface meshes, and four measurements are devised to quantify the folding patterns. Using an MRI dataset for autism study as a test bed, we identified reduced local connectivity cost and increased curviness of gyral net bilaterally on the parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe in autistic patients. Additionally, we found that the cortical thickness and the gyral straightness of gyral joints are higher than the rest of gyral crest regions. The proposed representation offers a new tool for a comprehensive and reliable characterization of the cortical folding organization. This novel computational framework will enable large-scale analyses of cortical folding patterns in the future.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A new representation of cortical gyri/sulci organization pattern. </LI> <LI> A novel framework to efficiently and automatically construct gyral net from mesh surface. </LI> <LI> A new tool for a comprehensive and reliable characterization of the cortical folding organization. </LI> <LI> Enable large-scale cortical folding pattern analyses in the future. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Illustration of the concept of gyral net and gyral joint. (a) Reconstructed cortical surface color-coded by gyral altitude. (b) Extracted gyral net. (c) Zoom in view of the circled area in (b). In this paper, we propose a new representation of cortical gyri/sulci organization pattern – gyral net, which models cortical architecture from a graph perspective, starting with nodes and edges obtained from the surface reconstructions.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Long Non-Coding RNA TUG1 Promotes Proliferation and Inhibits Apoptosis of Osteosarcoma Cells by Sponging miR-132-3p and Upregulating SOX4 Expression

Gang Li,Keyu Liu,Xinhui Du 연세대학교의과대학 2018 Yonsei medical journal Vol.59 No.2

Purpose: Long non-coding RNA taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) is reported to be a vital regulator of the progression of various cancers. This study aimed to explore the exact roles and molecular mechanisms of TUG1 in osteosarcoma (OS) development. Materials and Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR was applied to detect the expressions of TUG1 and microRNA-132-3p (miR-132-3p) in OS tissues and cells. Western blot was performed to measure protein levels of sex determining region Y-box 4 (SOX4). Cell viability was assessed using XTT assay. Cell apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity detection assays. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter experiments were employed to confirm relationships among TUG1, miR-132-3p, and SOX4. Results: TUG1 was highly expressed in human OS tissues, OS cell lines, and primary OS cells. TUG1 knockdown hindered proliferationand induced apoptosis in human OS cell lines and primary OS cells. Moreover, TUG1 inhibited miR-132-3p expression by direct interaction, and introduction of miR-132-3p inhibitor partly abrogated the effect of TUG1 knockdown on the proliferation and apoptosis of OS cells. Furthermore, SOX4 was validated as a target of miR-132-3p. Further functional analyses revealed that miR-132-3p inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of OS cells, while this effect was greatly abated following SOX4 overexpression. Moreover, TUG1 knockdown suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis by upregulating miR-132-3p and downregulatingSOX4 in primary OS cells. Conclusion: TUG1 facilitated proliferation and suppressed apoptosis by regulating the miR-132-3p/SOX4 axis in human OS cell lines and primary OS cells. This finding provides a potential target for OS therapy.

열간등압소결 공정변수에 따른 분말 고속도공구강의 기계적 성질

Gang Li,Woo Jin Park,Eon Sik Lee,S . Ahn 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 1997 대한금속재료학회 학술대회 개요집 Vol.1997 No.1

Protective effect of acacetin on sepsis-induced acute lung injury via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity

Li-chao Sun,Hong-bo Zhang,Cheng-Dong Gu,Shi-Dong Guo,Gang Li,Rui Lian,Yao Yao,Guo-qiang Zhang 대한약학회 2018 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.41 No.12

Sepsis is a clinical syndrome with no effective protective or therapeutic treatments. Acacetin, a natural flavonoid compound, has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects which can potentially work to reduce sepsis. We investigated the potential protective effect of acacetin on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) ALI and dissect out the underlying mechanisms. Mice were divided into five groups: a sham group, a sepsis-induced ALI group, and three sepsis groups pre-treated with 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg body weight of acacetin. We found that acacetin significantly attenuated sepsis-induced ALI, in histological examinations and lung edema. Additionally, acacetin treatment decreased protein and inflammatory cytokine concentration and the number of infiltrated inflammatory cells in BALF compared with that in the non-treated sepsis mice. Pulmonary myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was lower in the acacetin-pre-treated sepsis groups than in the sepsis group. The mechanism underlying the protective effect of acacetin on sepsis is related to the regulation of certain antioxidation genes, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), superoxide dismutases (SODs), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1).Taken together, our results indicate that acacetin pre-treatment inhibits sepsis-induced ALI through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity, suggesting that acacetin may be a potential protective agent for sepsis-induced ALI.