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Processing parallel-disk viscometry data in the presence of wall slip
Leong, Yee-Kwong,Campbell, Graeme R.,Yeow, Y. Leong,Withers, John W. The Korean Society of Rheology 2008 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.20 No.2
This paper describes a two-step Tikhonov regularization procedure for converting the steady shear data generated by parallel-disk viscometers, in the presence of wall slip, into a shear stress-shear rate function and a wall shear stress-slip velocity functions. If the material under test has a yield stress or a critical wall shear stress below which no slip is observed the method will also provide an estimate of these stresses. Amplification of measurement noise is kept under control by the introduction of two separate regularization parameters and Generalized Cross Validation is used to guide the selection of these parameters. The performance of this procedure is demonstrated by applying it to the parallel disk data of an oil-in-water emulsion, of a foam and of a mayonnaise.
Jia Ern Leong,Wai Leong Kok,Yee Ling Tan,Balwinder Singh Mann,Sadhana Mahamad 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2021 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.21 No.1
Delayed manifestation of surgical emphysema as cervical pneumatocele post thyroid surgery is rare and unexpected that which needs to be managed appropriately. Herein we report three cases of delayed tracheal injury presenting with persistent subcutaneous emphysema, without acute respiratory distress. All three cases were managed surgically. Possible risk factors were discussed alongside hypotheses on the mechanisms of delayed tracheal injury and recommendations to prevent such complications. The management algorithm was summarized after the literature review. While surgical management is definitive, the non-surgical approach can also be a reasonable option, but requires a longer hospital stay.
Processing parallel-disk viscometry data in the presence of wall slip
Yee-Kwong Leong,Graeme R. Campbell,Y. Leong Yeow,John W. Withers 한국유변학회 2008 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.20 No.2
This paper describes a two-step Tikhonov regularization procedure for converting the steady shear data generated by parallel-disk viscometers, in the presence of wall slip, into a shear stress-shear rate function and a wall shear stress-slip velocity functions. If the material under test has a yield stress or a critical wall shear stress below which no slip is observed the method will also provide an estimate of these stresses. Amplification of measurement noise is kept under control by the introduction of two separate regularization parameters and Generalized Cross Validation is used to guide the selection of these parameters. The performance of this procedure is demonstrated by applying it to the parallel disk data of an oil-in-water emulsion, of a foam and of a mayonnaise.
Biocompatibility of two experimental scaffolds for regenerative endodontics
Leong, Dephne Jack Xin,Setzer, Frank C.,Trope, Martin,Karabucak, Bekir The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2016 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.41 No.2
Objectives: The biocompatibility of two experimental scaffolds for potential use in revascularization or pulp regeneration was evaluated. Materials and Methods: One resilient lyophilized collagen scaffold (COLL), releasing metronidazole and clindamycin, was compared to an experimental injectable poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid scaffold (PLGA), releasing clindamycin. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were seeded at densities of $1.0{\times}10^4$, $2.5{\times}10^4$, and $5.0{\times}10^4$. The cells were investigated by light microscopy (cell morphology), MTT assay (cell proliferation) and a cytokine (IL-8) ELISA test (biocompatibility). Results: Under microscope, the morphology of cells coincubated for 7 days with the scaffolds appeared healthy with COLL. Cells in contact with PLGA showed signs of degeneration and apoptosis. MTT assay showed that at $5.0{\times}10^4$ hDPSCs, COLL demonstrated significantly higher cell proliferation rates than cells in media only (control, p < 0.01) or cells co-incubated with PLGA (p < 0.01). In ELISA test, no significant differences were observed between cells with media only and COLL at 1, 3, and 6 days. Cells incubated with PLGA expressed significantly higher IL-8 than the control at all time points (p < 0.01) and compared to COLL after 1 and 3 days (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The COLL showed superior biocompatibility and thus may be suitable for endodontic regeneration purposes.
Relooking "Look Back": A student`s Attempt at Problem Solving using Polya`s Model
( Leong Yew Hoong ),( Dindyal Jaguthsing ),( Toh Tin Lam ),( Quek Khiok Seng ),( Tay Eng Guan ) 한국수학교육학회 2011 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2011 No.1
Against the backdrop of half a century of research in mathematics problem solving, Polya`s last stage is especially conspicuous-by the scarcity of research on it! Much of the research focused on the first three stages (e.g., Francisco & Maher 2005; Taylor & Mcdonald, 2007), with little or no successful attempts at following through with the subjects. In this paper, we describe a case study of how the innovation of a "Practical Worksheet" within a new paradigm of a "Mathematics Practical" enabled a high-achieving student to push beyond getting a solution for a problem to extending, adapting and generalising his solution. The findings from this study indicate promise in achieving the learning of Polya`s model with notable success in the fourth stage, Look Back.
Leong, Sui Sien,Lihan, Samuel,Toh, Seng Chiew The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2022 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.25 No.4
Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli cases are increasing high especially in Southeast Asia. Illegal use of the antibiotic in the aquaculture farming may become the culprit of the outbreak and spread into environmental source. A study was conducted to: 1) detect the chloramphenicol (CAL)-resistant gene in E. coli isolated from three aquaculture farms and six rivers of northwestern Borneo and 2) investigate the correlation between cat gene with five common antibiotics used. Isolation of E. coli was done on Eosin methylene blue agar and characterized using indole, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer, citrate tests. E. coli isolates were subsequently tested for their susceptibility to five antibiotics commonly used in aqua-farming. The CAL-resistant E. coli were further analyzed for the presence of resistant genes (cat I, cat II, cat III, cat IV) using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. 42 bacterial colonies were isolated from a total of 80 individual water samples, 34 of which were identified as E. coli. Result showed 85.3% of the E. coli isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, 35.3% were resistant to tetracycline, 29.4% were resistant to CAL, 17.6% were resistant to nitrofurantoin and 8.8% were resistant to nalidixic acid. All of the 10 CAL resistant E. coli isolateswere detected with cat II genes; five isolates detected with cat IV genes; three isolates detected with cat III genes; and another two detected with cat I genes. Pearson correlation coefficient shows highly significant relationship between resistance pattern of CAL with amoxicillin; and CAL with tetracycline. Our findings provide the supplementary information of the CAL resistance gene distribution, thereby improving our understanding of the potential risk of antibiotic resistance underlying within this microbial ecosystem.
Leong, Jiayu,Seo, Yongbeom,Chu, Sang-Hyon,Park, Cheol,Jeon, Eun Je,Cho, Seung-Woo,Yang, Yi Yan,DiPietro, Luisa A.,Kim, Dong Hyun,Kong, Hyunjoon American Chemical Society 2018 Langmuir Vol.34 No.38
<P>Hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>) is an attractive chemical because of its bleaching properties in paper and pulp industry and as a disinfectant in the food, water, and medical industries. However, it is important to monitor the residual H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> level after its usage and prevent any unintended health problems or chemical reactions. Most H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> sensors often utilize fluorophores or electrical circuitry that requires an additional irradiation or a digital display. To this end, this study presents a 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB)/horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-loaded patch that alerts the presence of high H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> levels by generating a visible blue color. We hypothesized that water-insoluble TMB immobilized within mesoporous silica particles of proper pore diameter and structure would act as a colorimetric indicator through the H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>-mediated oxidation within a cross-linked patch. We examined this hypothesis by immobilizing TMB molecules in mesoporous silica particles with 2 and 7 nm diameter cylindrical pores as well as on nonporous silica particles. Then, we loaded these TMB-silica particles and HRP in a porous alginate patch via sequential in situ cross-linking reaction and lyophilization. In the presence of 25-5000 μM H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>, which simulate H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> concentrations found in residual disinfecting fluids, the patch loaded with TMB-mesoporous silica particles with 7 nm diameter pores generated a distinct blue color with varying intensities depending on the H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> concentration. The design principles demonstrated in this study should be applicable to a broad array of sensors to be integrated into a moldable, three-dimensional matrix.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>