정신분열증과 우울증의 지각결핍의 비교

이수형,송경의,이형영,하형욱 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.4

정신분열증 환자의 지각결핍을 타 질환군과 비교해 보기 위하여 1983.6.1부터 동년 8월 31일 까지 전남의 대병원 정신과 외래에 다니는 우울증 환자 20명 국립나주정신병원에 입원한 정신분열증 환자 20명을 임의 선택하여 Garner의 모형을 이용 카드 분류를 시행하고 그 자료를 토대로 수정분류시간, 공제지수, 비율지수 등을 산출하여 변량분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 양 군의 수정시간을 변량 분석한 결과 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 2. 공제지수와 비율지수를 변량분석한 결과 과다성 분류와 여과분류에서는 공제지수와 비율지수에서 아무런 유의차가 없었다. 3. 주사분류에서는 공제지수 비교에서 1% 수준에서 비율지수 비교에서 5% 수준으로 우울증의 분류시간이 긴 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 살펴볼 때 여과기능의 결함이라는 지각결핍은 정신분열증의 고유한 장애가 아닐 수도 있겠다. The perception of stimuli with two dimensions (size and figure) was investigated using Garners card sorting method into schizophrenic and depressive patients. The comparison of three performance indices (redundancy, filltering, scanning) between two study groups revealed that 1) the analysis of variance of the corrected time shows no significant difference between two groups, 2) in redundancy and filtering sorting the subtractive and ratio indices show no significant difference between two groups, 3) in scanning sorting the depressive group shows significantly longer sorting time than schizophrenic group(p<0.01 in subtractive index, p>0.05 in ratio index). The above findings suggest that the previously known perceptual deficit(mainly filtering deficit) may not be specific only to schizophrenia.

갱년기 여성의 호르몬 대치 요법에 대한 수용율

이임순,장진영,이정재,이순곤,이권해,이해혁,김승형 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.2

Purpose: We have evaluated the compliance of hormone replacement therapy. Method: There are 185 climacteric women who are divided into three groups (Group I, Group II, Group III). Group I is given conjugated equine estrogen(CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA, 5mg, day 1-12). Group II is given conjugated equine estrogen (CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA, 2.5mg, day 1-30), Group III is given only conjugated equine estrogen(CEE, 0.625mg, day 1-30). Results: 1) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during three months is 77.9% including each Group I : 77.7%, Group Ⅱ : 76.1%, Group Ⅲ :80.4%. 2) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during six months is 60.7% including each Group Ⅰ:52.9%, Group Ⅱ: 56.4%, Group Ⅲ: 79.5%. 3) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during nine months is 49.7% including each Group Ⅰ: 45.5%, Group Ⅱ:41.7%, Group Ⅲ: 64.3%. 4) The compliance rate of hormone replacement therapy during a year is 44.4% including each Group Ⅰ: 40.2%, Group Ⅱ:35.3%, Group Ⅲ: 59.5%. Conclusion : It is vital that we maximize compliance if patients are to receive the full benefits from hormone replacement therapy. We think that physicians who prescribe hormone replacement therapy for climacteric women should enough explain the purpose, risks, and side effect of treatment for maximizing compliance of hormone replacement therapy.

지역사회 정신의학 전공의 교육과정 실태조사

홍진표,황순찬,이영문,이선형,신나리,이종일,박종익,장동원,정인원 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.1

Objectives : There is a increasing need to recruit and retain more psychiatrists who can plan and implement organized programs to work with chronic mentally ill patients in community settings. The aim of study is to discover what training is currently in place to prepare psychiatrist for work in "community" or "public" settings. Methods : Survey questionnaires were mailed to 85 residency training directors and 10 leaders of community mental health in 2005. Response rate was 75%. Results : Academic seminar about community mental health were not administered to residents in 63% of training hospitals. Forty one out of 64 training hospitals had community mental health rotation programs, Community mental health center (50%) and day hospital (36%) were the most common type of programs. Few general hospital had affiliation with community mental health programs. The amount of time for clinical rotation varied from less than three months part time to 6 months fulltime, with most frequent form of one day per week for three month in second or third year of psychiatry residents. Conclusion : Further steps are needed to improve residency training curricula and to encourage well qualified psychiatrist to choose careers in community psychiatry.

吸蟲症 및 條蟲症 治療에 있어서의 Praziquantel

李純炯,蔡鐘一 대한화학요법학회 1985 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Praziquantel, a broad-spectrum anthelmintic against various kinds of trematodes and cestodes, was reviewed in terms of its pharmacokinetics, in vitro and in vivo effects on wormsi mode of action, clinical application and side effects. Orally administered praziquantel is absorbed rapidly though gastrointestinal tract, metabolized in the liver and excreted in urine and feces. It causes rapid contraction of worms and extensive vacuolization of their tegument and/or parenchymal layers, which results in the worm death. Such effects are known to be calcium(Ca^++)dependent. Clinically it can be used in the treatment of infections by liver flukes, lung flukes, intestinal flukes, schistosomes, adult and/or larval tapeworms. Various kinds of side effects may occur but they are usually mild and transient. Points to be further studied were discussed.

심인성 색전 요인이 없는 뇌경색 환자에서 경식도 심초음파와 Acoustic Quantification을 이용한 대동맥 탄성의 평가

이종민,윤호중,임효영,박지원,김휘열,전희경,문건웅,정욱성,채장성,김재형,최규보,홍순조 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.8

언어적 창의력 프로그램 개발 연구

이삼형,유영희,권순각 국어교육학회 2004 國語敎育學硏究 Vol.19 No.-

국어과 창의력은 언어적 창의력으로 구체화될 수 있으며, 언어적 창의력은 표현과 이해의 과정 전반에 걸쳐 두루 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있다. 언어적 창의력을 기르기 위해서는 일반적인(범교과적인) 창의적 프로그램에서 채택하고 있는 단순한 창의력 기법의 연습보다는 구체적인 과제를 해결해 나가는 실제적인 언어 활동을 통해서 하는 것이 바람직하다. 실제의 언어 활동에서 발현되는 창의력은 이해와 표현 모두 발상-구조화-언어화의 단계를 거쳐 결과가 나타난다. 창의력 프로그램은 발상, 구조화, 언어화, 메타화 등의 단계로 구성된다. 발상 단계에서는 느끼기와 깨닫기, 구조화 단계에서는 구체화하기, 관계짓기, 뒤집어보기, 미루어두기, 언어화 단계에서는 경험화하기, 감각화하기, 의미화하기, 개별화하기의 활동을 통해서, 메타화 단계에서는 선택하기, 배열하기, 평가하기 등의 활동을 통해서 학생들의 창의적인 능력을 신장시킬 수 있다. 본 연구의 활용 방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 언어적 창의력이 표현과 이해의 언어 활동과 별개로 존재하는 것이 아니므로 교과서의 학습 활동을 구체화하여 국어과 수업에서 창의적인 활동이 활발하게 이루어질 수 있도록 한다. 둘째, 발상 단계, 구조화 단계, 언어화 단계, 메타적 단계 등 각 단계에 적합한 활동들을 실제 수업에 활용할 수 있도록 구체화하고 나아가 학교장 재량활동 시간에 활용할 수 있도록 한다. The creativity which is essential ability in our own day is embodied by verbal creativity in Korean language education. The verbal creativity is realized in the all process of comprehension and expression. In this view it is more effective to develope verbal creativity through practical verbal activity than training creative technique. The creativity in the process of both comprehension and expression is similar. The creativity in the process of comprehension has to be embodied in text, it in the process of expression is based on new understanding about object. So that, the process of verbal creativity consists of the stage of idea that is starting point of new understanding, the stage of construction that organizes the new idea, the stage of language that embodies text. The program of verbal creativity consists of the stage of idea, construction. language and meta-cognition.

地域社會學校의 部落開發 活動類型및 그 合理的 推進過程에 관한 調査硏究

李淳珩 제주대학교 1982 논문집 Vol.14 No.1

This writing attempts to establish the general task and to grove for the effective method of school activities in the community, which are necessary for the community development. In pursuit of this aim, the writer has considered several types and has made an attempt to find out the reasonable courses of the school function for the villiage development. For the very survey, there were a case study on variable activities of the community school and an use of the questionaire on schools in Jeiu Area. The unit of the community development is made on the basis of a farm villiage centered around a school. And the whole phenomenon of the community is studied throughout the aspects: economy, politic, culture. There are prescrived six areas of community school activities to find a solution to educational problems occured from the said aspects. It is assumed that the school as a main institution for the community development has tried to invest the intended processes in the community as follows: discovering the problems, setting up the improving goals, designing the evaluation criteria, and finding out the proposals and implementaries and the evaluation. It is the assumption that the variety from the said operation means the very function of the school for the villiage development. As a result of the survey, the pattrens of school activities are abstracted as follows: the development of inhabitants' way of thinking and the improvement of their life-style, the spread of the technical side in the farming subsidiary industry for the increase of the income and the support of their industrial activities, the operation of the curriculum centered on the community, the reform movement of the educational environment, and the selfsupport education of the school. It is thus that there can be extracted five types in the school activites. And then the five can be classified into twenty-five details. And as for the unfolding process of the school for the villiage development, it canbe analyzed into two parts: the designing process and the operating one. The former is investigated and commented on the school system and the proper factors of the programs for the fulfillment and forwarding of fhe designed task. In consequence of that, it is approved that the school has made a spread of several activities for the community development, however, the effect leaves an unsatisfied something to be desired. The reason is that there are Ho good operating systems to fulfill the designed programs effectively in the school. Even if the school has them, they are not linked to inhabitants. it is also pointed out that teachers have a weak knowledge and understanding of the programs. From the result of the above survey, the writer likes to make some suggestions for the effective fulfillment of the school program for the villiage development. The first step to take is that the systematical training program fur teachers have to be preceded. And then it is necessary that the school find out the school system emphasized on being linked to inhabitants for another thing.

난소적출과 에스트로젠 투여가 백서의 하악골 구조에 미치는 영향

이형순,홍성규,김정기 대한치과교정학회 1999 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.29 No.1

본 실험은 폐경기 골다공증 여성의 교정치료에서 일어날 수 있는 하악골의 구조의 변화와 에스트로젠 투여 효과를 추정하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 난소를 적출한 군과 에스트로젠 투여 및 비투여군으로 분류하고 미세방사선사진으로 하악골을 촬영하여 이의 골 면적을 측정하고 조직 변화를 관찰하였다. 생후 4개월된 Sprauge-Dawley계 백서 50마리를 난소적출(OVE)군, 난소적출 후 에스트로젠 투여(OVE-EST)군, sham operation 시행후 에스트로젠 투여(EST)군으로 분류하여 각군을 수술후, 5주, 6주, 7주째 희생시켜 하악골을 적출한 후 좌측 하악골은 비탈회표본으로 제작하여 미세방사선사진을 통해 해면골을 관찰하고 면적을 측정하였으며 우측 하악골은 탈회표본으로 제작하여 병리조직학적인 소견을 관찰하여 다음 과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 하악골의 전체골면적에 대한 피적골의 비율분석에서 OVE군, OVE-EST군, EST군 모두에서 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 없었다. 2. OVE군은 대조군에 비해 5, 6, 7주째로 갈수록 골수강의 비율이 증가하였는데(p<0.05), 백서의 난소제거가 하악골에서도 골소주를 소실시켜 골수강을 확장시켰다. 3. OVE-EST군은 5주째는 골수강의 비율이 약간 증가되어 있었으나 점차 감소하여 7주째에 유의하게 적었고(p<0.05), EST군은 6주째부터 골수강의 비율이 현저히 감소되었는데 (p<0.05), 에스트로젠이 골수강의 크기를 감소시키는 효과가 있음을 알수 있었다. 4. 미세방사선사진과 병리조직학적 소견상 OVE군에서 골수강들의 크기가 확정되었고 파골세포들이 불규칙한 변연부에서 다수 관찰된 반면, OVE-EST군은 점점 치밀해지는 골소주들로 골수강이 작아지는 양상을 나타냈고, EST군에서는 풍부하고 치밀한 골소주들로 골수강들의 크기가 작아졌다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of cancellous and cortical bone and the effect of estrogen in ovariectomized rats. Fifty female rats, 250gm in body weight, were divided into three groups : ovariectomized group(OVE), ovariectomized and estrogen-injected group(OVE-EST), and sham operated and estrogen-injected group(EST). Bilateral ovariectomy was performed at the onset of the experiment. In OVE-EST group and EST group, estrogen was injected 50μg/kg B. W. every other days from 3 weeks after surgery to sacrifice. Each five rats were sacrificed after 5, 6, 7 weeks. One side of mandibular body was radiographed with a soft x-ray apparatus(Hitex Co., Ltd., Japan ). Thereafter the obtained microradiographs were used for the morphometric analysis using a Image analyzer. The morphometric analysis was performed for parameters such as total bone area. cortex bone area and medullary bone area. The other side of the mandibular bone was decalcified and embedded in paraffin as using a general method. The specimens were sectioned and stained with Mallory`s anilline blue and observed light microscopically. The results were as follows. 1. In all groups, the proportion of cortex to total bone area was not significantly different. 2. In ovariectomized(OVE) group, the proportion of marrow cavity to medullary bone area increased significantly from 5 to 7 weeks (p<0.05). In ovariectomized and estrogen-injected(OVE-EST) group, it decreased significantly at 7 weeks, and in estrogen-injected(EST) group, it decreased significantly from 6 weeks(p<0.05). 3. Microradiogram and histopathologic findings revealed that marrow cavity was enlarged and osteoclasts were observed around irregular bone surface in OVE group. In OVE-EST group, the size of marrow cavity at 7 weeks was similar to that of control group. In EST group, as dense trabecular bone increased from 5 to 7 weeks, marrow cavity decreased.

농촌사회에 있어서의 학교의 지역사회개발과정 모형

이순형 濟州大學 敎養學部 1976 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

The present study is accomplished by the hereafter Four-Year Jeju-Do Human Development Project that a foreign community development projectst institute has andertaken in the rural community. Correlation with the problems of the education development in the project makes the writer teaching-learning process, extension service in the community, facilities open as a center of the community, adult education to the inhabitants and participating actions in the development as a real member of population. Here we understand that the community development is an educational process through the diversified and synchronous approach in the all spheres of ecnomics. politics, society and culture, which are preceded encourage to carry out a set of study with an emprasis on the adult education and the school development of the community. This paper tries to model the community development process in which school is key, on the basis of the function of the com-munity school to make the theoritical foundations of the study concerned. The functions of a school in a community are summarized into two parts-trans-mission and modifbation of school culture. Nowadays the latter must be more emphasized than the former for the will to development. Therefore it is desirable that the school in the community draws up an educational system which will be greatly devoted to the improvement and development of the community. In fact, a school is only a cultural agent in the farming village and teachers are a great number of high-levelled latent human reumurces. It is often reported that a school as a propelling organization succeeded in developing the farming village when we take the snccessful example of the Saemaul Movement, which is typical as a Korean community development movement. Recently a school accepts the national idea and social demands. In particular, the appearance of the Saemaul education sets off the change. But it is not a new educational demand and movement at all, and the theory of the community school suggests that a school can carry out the role as the key propeller of the community development. To accomplish the conceptional illumination of the model, this study deals with the concept of the community and community development, and with the role of school education in the community development in connection with the functions of the community school for necessity of adult education. In addition to that, by summing up the community development process. this study on the basis of conce-ptional set. will sample the development process as a model which a school as a catalytic kernel develops in the rural community with the unions of the outer support of the inhabitants, government and people. First of all, in order to make the inhabitants suppose the systems which promote the development of the four realms, economics, politics, society and culture of their own aociety. by contribution to spiritual development and vocational techinques practice that is the educational tasks for development through the functions, this article will begin with breef description of the functions of the community school curriculum and localization of by the human development, the basic element. The elements of the process will be estimated with the recognition of the urgent contradictions of the community, goal establishment of development, expecting establishment of the criteria of project evaluation, enforcement plans of practical proposal, project implementation and achievements. The results of evaluation will be diagrammed with the process so that the community may complete the develo-pment continuously after being feed-back into each element and separating mutually. When we make out that the community development is the intentional changing process of the community environment, the developmental action of. the community school( I ), a propelling organization, is to make systematic achievements( lV) come true, by the inhabitants' common ownership of the educational demands and assertions in the developmental process which is just expected to cause in the specific process in order to promote the several systematic developmental process to the environmental limited situation(II) of the community. In this sense, the developmental process is an investing means of manipulations of the community environment to approach the consent goal for the continuous achievements of the community development. The rusults of producing function, which are made progress as the developmental process by the investing function for the systematic change of the facing environmental conditions, are the development in the all realms of the community.

韓國經濟의 投資行爲에 關한 數量分析

李亨純 成均館大學校 韓國産業硏究所 1973 韓國經濟 Vol.1 No.-