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( Beom Jae Lee ),( Hong Sik Lee ),( Chang Duck Kim ),( Sung Woo Jung ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Yong Sik Kim ),( Yoon Tae Jeen ),( Hoon Jai Chun ),( Soon Ho Um ),( Sang Woo Lee ),( Jai Hyun Choi ),( Ho San 대한소화기학회 2012 Gut and Liver Vol.6 No.2
Background/Aims: Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligands can modulate cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis through various pathways. It has been shown that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and PPARγ agonists separately inhibit pancreatic stellate cell (PaSC) activation. We studied the effects of a combination of both types of drugs on activated PaSCs via platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), which has not previously been reported. The present study was performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these effects by focusing on the impact of the signaling associated with cellcycle progression. Methods: Primary cultures of rat PaSCs were exposed to simvastatin and troglitazone. Proliferation was quantifi ed using the BrdU method, and cell-cycle analysis was performed using a fluorescent activated cell sorter. The protein expression levels of smooth muscle actin (SMA), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and a cell cycle machinery protein (p27Kip1) were investigated using Western blot analysis. Results: Simvastatin reversed the effects of PDGF on cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of a low concentration of simvastatin (1 mM) and troglitazone (10 mM) synergistically reversed the effects of PDGF on cell proliferation but had no effect on cell viability. The expression of a-SMA was markedly attenuated by combining the two drugs, which blocked the cell cycle beyond the G0/G1 phase by reducing the levels of phosphorylated ERK and reversed the expression of p27Kip1 interrupted by PDGF. Conclusions: Simvastatin and troglitazone synergistically inhibited cell proliferation in activated PaSCs by blocking the cell cycle beyond the G0/G1 phase. This inhibition was due to the synergistic modulation of the ERK pathway and the cell cycle machinery protein p27Kip1. (Gut Liver 2012;6:262-269)
Sang Min Lee,June-Goo Lee,Gaeun Lee,최주애,도경현,Namkug Kim,Joon Beom Seo 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.2
Objective: The aim of our study was to develop and validate a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture to convert CT images reconstructed with one kernel to images with different reconstruction kernels without using a sinogram. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Ten chest CT scans were performed and reconstructed with the B10f, B30f, B50f, and B70f kernels. The dataset was divided into six, two, and two examinations for training, validation, and testing, respectively. We constructed a CNN architecture consisting of six convolutional layers, each with a 3 x 3 kernel with 64 filter banks. Quantitative performance was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE) values. To validate clinical use, image conversion was conducted on 30 additional chest CT scans reconstructed with the B30f and B50f kernels. The influence of image conversion on emphysema quantification was assessed with Bland–Altman plots. Results: Our scheme rapidly generated conversion results at the rate of 0.065 s/slice. Substantial reduction in RMSE was observed in the converted images in comparison with the original images with different kernels (mean reduction, 65.7%; range, 29.5–82.2%). The mean emphysema indices for B30f, B50f, converted B30f, and converted B50f were 5.4 ± 7.2%, 15.3 ± 7.2%, 5.9 ± 7.3%, and 16.8 ± 7.5%, respectively. The 95% limits of agreement between B30f and other kernels (B50f and converted B30f) ranged from -14.1% to -2.6% (mean, -8.3%) and -2.3% to 0.7% (mean, -0.8%), respectively. Conclusion: CNN-based CT kernel conversion shows adequate performance with high accuracy and speed, indicating its potential clinical use.
Multimedia Expert System for a Nuclear Power Plant Accident diagnosis using a Fuzzy Inference Method
Lee, Sang-Beom,Lee, Seong-Ju,Lee, Mal-Rye Korean Society of Computer Information 2001 한국컴퓨터정보학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.6 No.1
The huge and complicated plants such as nuclear power stations are likely to cause the operators to make mistakes due to a variety of inexplicable reasons and symptoms in case of emergency. Thats why the prevention system assisting the operators is being developed for. First of all. I suggest an improved fuzzy diagnosis. Secondly. I want to demonstrate that a classification system of nuclear plants accident investigating the causes of accidents foresees possible problems. and maintains the reliability of the diagnostic reports in spite of improper working in part. In the event of emergency in a nuclear plant, a lot of operational steps enable the operators to find out what caused the problems based on an emergent operating plan. Our system is able to classify their types within twenty to thirty seconds. As so, we expect the system to put don the accidents right after the rapid detection of the damage control-method concerned. 복잡한 공정계통들로 구성된 원자력 발전소에서 정상적인 운전상태를 벗어나 이상사태로 진행될때 이를 조기에 진단하고 사고를 예방할 수 있는 제반 조치를 적절히 취하는 것은 플렌트 가동율을 향상시키고 사고의 심각성을 줄이기 위한 필수요건이 된다 이상사태 발생시 과도현상의 원인과 증상은 모호하고 복잡한 인과관계를 갖기 때문에 운전원의 실수를 유발할 수 있으므로 운전원을 지원할 수 있는 사고진단 시스템의 개발이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 일반화된 퍼지 추론 알고리즘의 개선된 퍼지진단방법론을 제시하고, 사고초기단계에서 주요 운전변수의 거동 변화에 따른 사고원인 및 사고유형을 정확하게 예측하고 일부 입력의 오류에도 진단의 신뢰성을 유지할 수 있는 원자력 발전소 사고유형 분류 시스템을 개발하고자 하였다.
Multi-view Depth Map Estimation Enhancing Temporal Consistency
Sang-Beom Lee,Yo-Sung Ho 대한전자공학회 2008 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2008 No.7
In this paper, we propose a scheme for multiview depth map estimation to enhance temporal consistency. After we divide the center image into several segments, we estimate one depth value for each segment using 3-D warping and segment-based matching techniques. In the refinement process, we apply a segment-based belief propagation algorithm. In order to enhance temporal consistency and reliability of the depth map, we define a temporally weighted matching function and apply in the initial depth estimation step. We also apply a temporal postprocessing operation to the refined depth map. Experimental results show that the final depth sequence has improved temporal consistency with reduced errors.
Genetic Diversity of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis Isolated in Korea
Lee, Dong Hwan,Kim, Jin-Beom,Lim, Jeong-A,Han, Sang-Wook,Heu, Sunggi The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2014 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.30 No.2
The plant pathogenic bacterial genus Pectobacteirum consists of heterogeneous strains. The P. carotovorum species is a complex strain showing divergent characteristics, and a new subspecies named P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis has been identified recently. In this paper, we re-identified the P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis isolates from those classified under the subspecies carotovorum and newly isolated P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis strains. All isolates were able to produce plant cell-wall degrading enzymes such as pectate lyase, polygalacturonase, cellulase and protease. We used genetic and biochemical methods to examine the diversity of P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis isolates, and found genetic diversity within the brasiliensis subsp. isolates in Korea. The restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis based on the recA gene revealed a unique pattern for the brasiliensis subspecies. The Korean brasiliensis subsp. isolates were divided into four clades based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. However, correlations between clades and isolated hosts or year could not be found, suggesting that diverse brasiliensis subsp. isolates existed.
Lee, Youn Yeop,Lee, Jae Kook,Park, Kwan Ho,Kim, Seo-Yeon,Roh, Seong Woon,Lee, Sang-Beom,Choi, Youngcheol,Lee, Sung-Jae International Union of Microbiological Societies 2013 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.63 No.11
<P>A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile and short rod-shaped bacterium, strain KBL009<SUP>T</SUP>, was isolated from the larval gut of <I>Hermetia illucens</I>. Strain KBL009<SUP>T</SUP> grew optimally at 37 °C, at pH 6.0 and with 1–2 % (w/v) NaCl. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KBL009<SUP>T</SUP> showed 97.6 % similarity to that of <I>Paenalcaligenes hominis</I> CCUG 53761A<SUP>T</SUP> indicating its classification with the genus <I>Paenalcaligenes</I>. The major fatty acids were cyclo-C<SUB>17 : 0</SUB>, C<SUB>16 : 0</SUB> and summed feature 2 (comprising C<SUB>14 : 0</SUB> 3-OH/iso-C<SUB>16 : 1</SUB>). The respiratory quinones were ubiquinone-8 (Q-8), predominating, and a minor amount of Q-7. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown aminolipid and five unknown polar lipids. The polyamine pattern contained predominantly putrescine and relatively high amounts of spermidine. The betaproteobacterial-specific 2-hydroxyputrescine could only be detected in trace amounts. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 56.1 mol%. Results from DNA–DNA hybridization with <I>P. hominis</I> KCTC 23583<SUP>T</SUP> unambiguously demonstrated that strain KBL009<SUP>T</SUP> represents a novel species in the genus <I>Paenalcaligenes</I>. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characterization, the novel species <I>Paenalcaligenes hermetiae</I> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KBL009<SUP>T</SUP> ( = KACC 16840<SUP>T</SUP> = JCM 18423<SUP>T</SUP>). An emended description of the genus <I>Paenalcaligenes</I> is also provided.</P>
A Case of H. pylori-associated Granulomatous Gastritis with Hypertrophic Gastropathy
( Sang Beom Kang ),( Soon Woo Nam ),( Dong Soo Lee ),( Yeon Soo Kim ),( Hye Kyung Lee ),( Jong Ok Kim ),( Seung Woo Lee ) The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2009 Gut and Liver Vol.3 No.2
A 46-year-old man had chronic granulomatous gastritis characterized by giant gastric folds with noncaseating epithelioid granulomas including giant cells in the corpus. No definite etiologic factors were detected. Histology and the rapid urease test indicated that H. pylori was present in both the antrum and corpus. The granulomatous gastritis with giant gastric folds improved after H. pylori eradication. This case suggests an association between isolated granulomatous gastritis and H. pylori infection. (Gut and Liver 2009;3:137-140)