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Transmission of Shared Tendencies in Contemporary Japanese Architecture
KIM LAWRENCE BYOUNG 대한건축학회지회연합회 2019 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.21 No.3
Department of Architecture, Pusan National University (Corresponding author, Email: lawrence.b.kim@gmail.com) This work was supported by a 2-year Research Grant of Pusan National University. Over the past two decades after the collapse of the bubble economy, Japanese architecture emerged onto the international stage as one of the most influential in contemporary architecture. However, its emergence to a position of such acclaim is intriguing in that unlike the past generations of architects in the modern era, the leading Japanese architects practicing today do not share a strong paradigm nor operate as a cohesive group. Nonetheless, there exists lineage of relationships and cross-pollination of ideas which have developed into shared architectural tendencies. The similar architectural sensibility is particularly evident in the younger generation of architects who have established their practice in the years following the collapse of the bubble economy. These generations of practitioners show tendencies to strive for diagrammatic quality, flimsy and light minimalism, and two-dimensional spatiality in their work. Distinctive qualities which are increasingly being identified with the leading architects practicing in Japan currently. The critical examination of the selected works produced by the architects reveals certain paradoxical ideas appears to be at work. First, utilizing what is a fundamentally explanatory device, diagram, as a performative device and the end goal. Second, striving for minimalistic aesthetics of utmost simplicity which require complex and extraordinary levels of work. Third, striving for two-dimensional spatiality in what is a three-dimensional discipline in its core. While such seemingly arbitrary and stylistic inclinations have attracted some criticism, such inclinations appear to have been shaped by the cultural sensibility, societal change, and needs of an era.
Career Guidance and Counseling in Secondary Schools in Hong Kong: A Historical Overview
Lawrence P.W. Wong,Mantak Yuen 한국상담학회 2019 Journal of Asia Pacific counseling Vol.9 No.1
This article provides an overview of the evolution of career guidance and counseling in secondary schools in Hong Kong over the last 60 years. The first stage of development (early 1950s to late 1970s) marked recovery from the aftermath of World War II and the Cultural Revolution in China. The earliest examples of career services in secondary schools began in this period. The second stage (approximately 1970–1990) marked the gradual evolution from a vocation-oriented approach to a developmental approach in career counseling. The third stage (1990s–2000) saw increased recognition of the importance of career guidance and counseling in a comprehensive school program, parallel to greater involvement of all teachers. The fourth stage (early 2000 to 2018) has seen continual growth in career guidance and counseling practices within schools based on contemporary theories of career development and best practices research.
테마논문 - The lives and times of culture
Lawrence Grossberg 사단법인 언론과 사회 2005 언론과 사회 Vol.13 No.3
그로스버그는 이 장문의 에세이에서 그간 문화연구에 대해 외부와 내부에서 제기되어 온 비판과 문제제기에 성찰적으로 대응하고, 이른바 문화연구의 ‘위기’ 담론들에 적극적으로 개입하고 있다. 그는 텍스트와 의미, 그리고 재현과 상징의 영역을 두루 아우르는 ‘문화’의 개념이 어떻게 특정 사회역사적 맥락과 국면 속에서 부상했고 변화해 왔는지를 비판적으로 조망하고, 현 단계 문화연구가 새롭게 모색해야 할 문제틀을 제임스 케리의 작업을 불러와 탐문한다.
At Death's Door: Alternaria Pathogenicity Mechanisms
Lawrence, Christopher B.,Mitchell, Thomas K.,Craven, Kelly D.,Cho, Yang-Rae,Cramer, Robert A.,Kim, Kwang-Hyung The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2008 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.24 No.2
The fungal genus Alternaria is comprised of many saprophytic and endophytic species, but is most well known as containing many notoriously destructive plant pathogens. There are over 4,000 Alternaria/host associations recorded in the USDA Fungal Host Index ranking the genus 10th among nearly 2,000 fungal genera based on the total number of host records. While few Alternaria species appear to have a sexual stage to their life cycles, the majority lack sexuality altogether. Many pathogenic species of Alternaria are prolific toxin producers, which facilitates their necrotrophic lifestyle. Necrotrophs must kill host cells prior to colonization, and thus these toxins are secreted to facilitate host cell death often by triggering genetically programmed apoptotic pathways or by directly causing cell damage resulting in necrosis. While many species of Alternaria produce toxins with rather broad host ranges, a closely-related group of agronomically important Alternaria species produce selective toxins with a very narrow range often to the cultivar level. Genes that code for and direct the biosynthesis of these host-specific toxins for the Alternaria alternata sensu lato lineages are often contained on small, mostly conditionally dispensable, chromosomes. Besides the role of toxins in Alternaria pathogenesis, relatively few genes and/or gene products have been identified that contribute to or are required for pathogenicity. Recently, the completion of the A. brassicicola genome sequencing project has facilitated the examination of a substantial subset of genes for their role in pathogenicity. In this review, we will highlight the role of toxins in Alternaria pathogenesis and the use of A. brassicicola as a model representative for basic virulence studies for the genus as a whole. The current status of these research efforts will be discussed.
Neurophysiological Basis of Acupuncture-induced Analgesiad - An Updated Review
Lawrence Leung 사단법인약침학회 2012 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.5 No.6
Acupuncture is an ancient treatment modality that can trace its origins to as far back as 10,000 BC along the banks of the Yellow River in China. It involves the insertion of sharpened objects into specific areas of the body to achieve therapeutic effects. According to the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, acupuncture modulates the flow of Qi and Xue through the meridians so that the main organs (Zhongs-Fus) will re-establish homeostasis as governed by the laws of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements. In clinical practice, acupuncture is an efficacious treatment for alleviating acute and chronic pain, but a consensus on its underlying mechanisms is still lacking. This article presents an upto-date review of the various neurophysiologic mechanisms that have been proposed to produce acupuncture-induced analgesia.
Lawrence G. Baxter 은행법학회 2012 은행법연구 Vol.5 No.2
As the world struggles to emerge from the Global Financial Crisis the vision of a harmonious framework of global financial regulation seems as distant as ever. Important progress made by international committees such as the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and the Financial Stability Board notwithstanding, there seem to be increasing signs of unilateral, extraterritorial action by major jurisdictions, including the United States. This paper reviews the framework created by the US financial reforms, in particular anti money laundering provisions, the Volcker Rule and the proposed OTC derivatives margin requirements, and considers some of the dilemmas presented by modern global banking and its concomitant regulation. The conclusion is that we are likely to see more regional reforms that are not necessarily uniform, and that this might not be a bad result, given the complexity of the financial markets and the need to respond flexibly to evolving circumstances.