중년여성의 발달현상에 대한 태도와 갱년기 증상호소와의 관계 분석연구

이강오,권혜란 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1987 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.12 No.1

This study was done for the purpose of analyzing the relationship between middle-aged women's attitudes toward middle adulthood developmental changes and their self-reported symptoms. The hypothesis tested was that middle-aged women's attitudes toward middle adulthood developmental changes were negatively related to degree of their self-reported climacteric symptoms. Data were collected during a home visit by a questionaire from July 25 to August 20, 1986. The subjects were 202 women between 40 and 59 years of age. The instruments used for this study were The Middle-Aged Women's Developmental Attitude Scale and The Climacteric Symptoms Scale developed by Chi Sung-Ai. Analysis of data was done by use of T-Test, Analysis of Variance, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. The results of the study were as follows. 1. When the relationship between middle-aged women's self-reported climacteric symptoms and their general characteristics were explored, family income (F = 2.566, p<.05), family pattern(t = -2.15, p<.05) and marital satisfaction(r = -0.126, p<.05) were statistically significant. 2. When the relationship between the middle-aged women's attitudes toward middle adulthood developmental changes and general characteristics were explored, family incom(F = 3.607, p<.05), family pattern(t = 2.65, p<.05) and marital satisfaction(r = .201, p<.05) were statistically significant. 3. Regarding the hypothesis, the relationship between women's attitude toward their middle adulthood developmental changes and degree of their self-reported climacteric symptoms was statistically significant(r = -.4304, p<.05) When the relationships among three dimensions of attitudes toward middle adulthood developmental changes and the degree of their self-reported climacteric symptoms were explored, the relationships among attitudes toward monopause(r = -.3177, p<.05), aging process(r = -.2863, p<.05), children's launching (r = -.3917, p<.05) and self-reported climacteric symptoms were statistically significent. So the hypothesis was accepted. The findings of this study have implication for providing sub-data to manage of middle-aged women's health, to solve the nursing problems, and to prevent and relieve climacteric symptoms.

Shen-Kang protects against tacrolimus-induced renal injury

Long Ye Zhang,Jian Jin,Kang Luo,Shang Guo Piao,Hai Lan Zheng,Ji Zhe Jin,임선우,최범순,양철우,Can Li 대한내과학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.34 No.5

Background/Aims: Evidence suggests that Shen-Kang (SK), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, protects against various types of renal injury. In this study, we evaluated whether SK treatment confers renoprotection in a rat model of chronic tacrolimus (TAC) nephropathy. Methods: Rats were treated daily with TAC (1.5 mg/kg, subcutaneously) and SK (450 mg/kg, intravenously) for 4 weeks. The effects of SK on TAC-induced renal injury were assessed by measuring renal function, urine albumin excretion, histopathology, inflammatory cell infiltration, expression of profibrotic (transforming growth factor β1 [TGF-β1] and TGF-β inducible gene-h3 [βig-h3]) and proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cell death. Results: Administration of SK preserved glomerular integrity (fractional mesangial area and Wilms tumor 1-positive glomeruli), attenuated tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and reduced the number of ectodermal dysplasia 1-positive cells, and this was paralleled by improved urine albumin excretion and renal dysfunction. At the molecular level, SK treatment suppressed expression of TGF-β1/Smad2/3, βig-h3, and proinflammatory cytokines. Oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death were significantly decreased with SK treatment, and apoptosis-related genes were regulated toward cell survival (active caspase-3 and the B-cell lymphoma-2/ Bcl2-associated X [Bcl-2/Bax] ratio). Conclusions: SK protects against TAC-induced renal injury.

Regulation of Phospholamban and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase by Atorvastatin: Implication for Cardiac Hypertrophy

Lan Kang,Qiang Fang,Shen-Jiang Hu 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.5

Cyclic behavior of steel beam-to-column connections with novel strengthened angle components

Lan Kang,Cheng Zhang 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.42 No.6

As a type of semi-rigid connection, the top and seat angle connections are popular in current structures owing to their good cyclic performance and simple erection. However, their stiffness and load bearing capacity are relatively insufficient. This study proposes two strengthening methods to further increase the stiffness and strength of bolted-angle joints while maintaining satisfactory energy dissipation capacity (EDC) and ductility. Cyclic loading tests were conducted on six joint specimens with different strengthened angle components. Based on the test results, the influence of the following important factors on the cyclic behavior of steel joint specimens was investigated: the position of the rib stiffeners (edge rib stiffeners and middle rib stiffener), steel strength grade of rib stiffeners (Q345 and Q690), and additional stiffeners or not. In addition, the finite element models of these specimens were built and validated through a comparison of experimental and numerical results. The stiffness and bearing capacity of the bolted-angle joints could be improved significantly by utilizing the novel strengthened joints proposed in this study. Moreover, this can be achieved with almost no increase in the amount of steel required, and the EDC of this joint could also satisfy the requirements of seismic codes from various countries.

A study on application of high strength steel SM570 in bridge piers with stiffened box section under cyclic loading

Lan Kang,Motoya Suzuki,Hanbin Ge 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.26 No.5

Although a lot of experimental and analytical investigations have been carried out for steel bridge piers made of SS400 and SM490, the formulas available for SS400 and SM490 are not suitable for evaluating ultimate load and deformation capacities of steel bridge piers made of high strength steel (HSS) SM570. The effect of various parameters is investigated in this paper, including plate width-to-thickness ratio, column slenderness ratio and axial compression force ratio, on the ultimate load and deformation capacities of steel bridge box piers made of SM570 steel subjected to cyclic loading. The elasto-plastic behavior of the steel bridge piers under cyclic loads is simulated through plastic large deformation finite element analysis, in which a modified two-surface model (M2SM) including cyclic hardening is employed to trace the material nonlinearity. An extensive parametric study is conducted to study the influences of structural parameters on the ultimate load and deformation capacities. Based on these analytical investigations, new formulas for predicting ultimate load and deformation capacities of steel bridge piers made of SM570 are proposed. This study extends the ultimate load and deformation capacities evaluation of steel bridge piers from SS400, SM490 steels to SM570 steel, and provides some useful suggestions.

Investigation of residual stresses of hybrid normal and high strength steel (HNHSS) welded box sections

Lan Kang,Yuqi Wang,Xinpei Liu,Brian Uy 국제구조공학회 2019 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.33 No.4

In order to obtain high bearing capacity and good ductility simultaneously, a structural column with hybrid normal and high strength steel (HNHSS) welded box section has been developed. Residual stress is an important factor that can influence the behaviour of a structural member in steel structures. Accordingly, the magnitudes and distributions of residual stresses in HNHSS welded box sections were investigated experimentally using the sectioning method. In this study, the following four box sections were tested: one normal strength steel (NSS) section, one high strength steel (HSS) section, and two HNHSS sections. Based on the experimental data from previous studies and the test results of this study, the effects of the width-to-thickness ratio of plate, yield strength of plate, and the plate thickness of the residual stresses of welded box sections were investigated in detail. A unified residual stress model for NSS, HSS and HNHSS welded box sections was proposed, and the corresponding simplified prediction equations for the maximum tensile residual stress ratio (<i>σ</i>_rt/<i>f</i>_y) and average compressive residual stress ratio (<i>σ</i>_rc/<i>f</i>_y) in the model were quantitatively established. The predicted magnitudes and distributions of residual stresses for four tested sections in this study by using the proposed residual stress model were compared with the experimental results, and the feasibility of this proposed model was shown to be in good agreement.

Induction of Neuronal Differentiation of Rat Muscle-Derived Stem Cells <i>in Vitro</i> Using Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor and Ethosuximide

Kang, Mi Lan,Kwon, Jin Seon,Kim, Moon Suk Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MD 2013 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.14 No.4

<P>Several studies have demonstrated that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) can induce neural differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, we investigated the neural differentiation of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) following treatment with bFGF and ethosuximide, a small molecule used as an anticonvulsant in humans. Stem cells isolated from rat skeletal muscle (rMDSCs) were pre-induced by culturing with 25 ng/mL bFGF for 24 h and then were transferred to a medium supplemented with or without 4 mM ethosuximide. Neuronal differentiation was assessed by immunocytochemical and western blotting analyses of marker expression. Immunocytochemistry of rMDSCs treated with bFGF and ethosuximide identified abundant cells expressing neuronal markers (TuJ1, neuron-specific class III β-tubulin; NeuN, neuronal nuclear antigen; and NF-MH; neurofilament M and H). Olig2 (oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2)-positive cells were also observed, indicating the presence of oligodendrocyte lineage cells. These findings were substantiated by western blotting analysis of marker proteins. In particular, the expression of NeuN and TuJ1 was significantly higher in rMDSCs treated with ethosuximide and bFGF than in cells stimulated with bFGF alone (NeuN, <I>p</I> < 0.05 and TuJ1, <I>p</I> < 0.001). Expression of the astrocyte marker GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) was not detected in this study. Collectively, the results showed that treatment with bFGF and ethosuximide induced effective transdifferentiation of rMDSCs into cells with a neural-like phenotype. Notably, rMDSCs treated with a combination of bFGF plus ethosuximide showed enhanced differentiation compared with cells treated with bFGF alone, implying that ethosuximide may stimulate neuronal differentiation.</P>

Regulation of Phospholamban and Sarrcoplasmic Reticulum Ca$^{2+}$-ATPase by Atorvastatin: Implication for Cardiac Hypertrophy

Kang, Lan,Fang, Qiang,Hu, Shen-Jiang 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.5

Abnormal intracellular Ca$^{2+}$ homeostasis in the myocardium has been suggested as the cause of cardiac hypertrophy, and this process can be prevented by the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, statins. In the present study, the effect of atorvastatin on left ventricular hypertrophy was investigated, and then whether the underlying mechanism was related to a defect in intracellu-lar Ca$^{2+}$ homeostasis explored. Twelve spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), at 8 weeks old, were used in this study, and received either distilled water or atorvastatin for ten weeks, with age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) used as controls. RT-PCR and western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of phospholamban (PLB) and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca$^{2+}$-ATPase (SERCA2a), respectively, and a colorimetric method used to examine the SERCA2a activity. Additionally, cardiac hypertrophic indices, such as the cardiosomatic ratio, left ventricular weight to body weight (IWV/BW) ratio and cardiomyocytes transverse diameter (TDM), together with the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and serum lipidslevels were also examined. After ten weeks, significant decreases were observed in both them RNA and protein expression levels of SERCA2a, as well as its activity, in the hypertrophied hearts of the SHR. The administration of atorvastatin to the same strains of rats effectively inhibited these decreases, and the above cardiac hypertrophic indices, as well as the SBP and serum lipids levels were significantly decreased. However, no significant changes in the expressions of PLB were observed in WKY, SHR and atorvastatin-treated SHR. These findings demonstrated that through regulation of the PLB and SERCA2a levels in the hearts of SHR atorvastatin can prevent the cardiac hypertrophy caused due to pressure overload, which provides a relatively new insight into the mechanism of atorvastatin in the prevention of cardiac hypertrophy.

Behavior of a steel bridge with large caisson foundations under earthquake and tsunami actions

Lan Kang,Hanbin Ge,Kazuya Magoshi,Tetsuya Nonaka 국제구조공학회 2019 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.31 No.6

The main focus of this study is to numerically investigate the influence of strong earthquake and tsunami-induced wave impact on the response and behavior of a cable-stayed steel bridge with large caisson foundations, by assuming that the earthquake and the tsunami come from the same fault motion. For this purpose, a series of numerical simulations were carried out. First of all, the tsunami-induced flow speed, direction and tsunami height were determined by conducting a twodimensional (2D) tsunami propagation analysis in a large area, and then these parameters obtained from tsunami propagation analysis were employed in a detailed three-dimensional (3D) fluid analysis to obtain tsunami-induced wave impact force. Furthermore, a fiber model, which is commonly used in the seismic analysis of steel bridge structures, was adopted considering material and geometric nonlinearity. The residual stresses induced by the earthquake were applied into the numerical model during the following finite element analysis as the initial stress state, in which the acquired tsunami forces were input to a whole bridge system. Based on the analytical results, it can be seen that the foundation sliding was not observed although the caisson foundation came floating slightly, and the damage arising during the earthquake did not expand when the tsunami-induced wave impact is applied to the steel bridge. It is concluded that the influence of tsunami-induced wave force is relatively small for such steel bridge with large caisson foundations. Besides, a numerical procedure is proposed for quantitatively estimating the accumulative damage induced by the earthquake and the tsunami in the whole bridge system with large caisson foundations.

<i>Vascular endothelial growth factor</i> -transfected adipose-derived stromal cells enhance bone regeneration and neovascularization from bone marrow stromal cells : Co-transplantation of engineered ADSCs and BMSCs

Kang, Mi-Lan,Kim, Ji-Eun,Im, Gun-Il Wiley (John WileySons) 2017 JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MED Vol.11 No.12

<P>Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-transfected adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSCs(VEGF)) were devised to promote bone regeneration and neovascularization of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). ADSCs(VEGF) were added to BMSCs and cocultured in variable proportions. ADSCs(VEGF) alone or ADSCs(VEGF) with BMSCs (BMSCs:ADSCs(VEGF) ratio of 1:0.025-0.5) induced significantly greater tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells than untransfected ADSCs. The cocultures of BMSCs and ADSCs(VEGF) at ratios of 1: 0.025-0.1 showed significantly greater osteogenic differentiation and mineralization than BMSCs alone in vitro. Osteogenic markers COL1A1, OCN and BSP were most effectively induced at the BMSC: ADSC(VEGF) ratio of 1:0.05. Of angiogenesis-related genes, upregulation of cathepsin Z and downregulation of early growth response 1 were observed while two osteogenesis-related genes, osteoactivin and tetranectin, were upregulated in BMSCs/ADSCs(VEGF) compared to BMSCs/ADSCs. When critical size calvarial defects in rats were implanted with mixture of BMSCs and ADSCs(VEGF) along with hydroxyapatite/-tricalcium phosphate granules, BMSCs and ADSCs(VEGF) at the ratio of 1:0.05 showed better bone regeneration that BMSCs alone. The cotransplantation of ADSCs(VEGF) with BMSCs significantly increased neovascularization on the regenerated bone of the repaired defect than BMSCs alone. In conclusion, ADSCs(VEGF) added in small proportion to BMSCs effectively promote bone regeneration and neovascularization. Copyright (c) 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>