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Jo, Kyungmin,Lee, Sangbong,Kim, Sang-Min,In, Jung Bin,Lee, Seung-Mo,Kim, Jae-Hyun,Lee, Hak-Joo,Kim, Kwang-Seop American Chemical Society 2015 Chemistry of materials Vol.27 No.10
<P>Fabrication of a transparent and flexible supercapacitor requires electrode materials that are optically transparent and mechanically flexible. Although chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene is a promising electrode material, its use in supercapacitor applications is greatly limited by the low area-specific capacitance of the fabricated supercapacitor. Here, we demonstrate transparent and flexible high-performance supercapacitor using stacked bilayer graphene and an ultrathin redox-active interlayer. By inserting the redox-active layer between stacked bilayer graphene, we achieved an almost 20-fold enhancement of the area-specific capacitance (from 5.6 μF/cm<SUP>2</SUP> to 101 μF/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) with a thickness of electrode material for each electrode less than 2 nm. In addition, the fabricated supercapacitor exhibited excellent transparency of 75% (including the substrate’s transparency) and flexibility (bending radius down to 5 mm) by virtue of the outstanding transparency and flexibility of the stacked bilayer graphene and redox-active interlayer.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2015/cmatex.2015.27.issue-10/cm504801r/production/images/medium/cm-2014-04801r_0003.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm504801r'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
One-step etching, doping, and adhesion-control process for graphene electrodes
Jo, Kyungmin,Kim, Sang-Min,Lee, Seung-Mo,Kim, Jae-Hyun,Lee, Hak-Joo,Kim, Ki Soo,Kwon, Yong Duck,Kim, Kwang-Seop Elsevier 2015 Carbon Vol.82 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Enhancing the electrical conductivity and reliability of graphene electrodes is critical for the practical realization of graphene-based electronics, since these factors influence the electrical performance of devices. To achieve such improvements in graphene electrodes requires additional processes such as doping and surface treatments, which inevitably complicate device fabrication. Here, we introduce a novel, straightforward one-step etching method, in which a catalytic copper substrate is etched in imidazole-containing ammonium persulfate solution, of simultaneously enhancing the electrical and adhesion properties of graphene grown on copper foil by chemical vapor deposition. Applying one-step etching method, the sheet resistance of monolayer graphene with 270Ω/sq is obtained, while the adhesion of graphene is improved by 20%. Moreover, the electrical conductivity of graphene remained improved after storage for 30days in ambient conditions without any passivation layers, and the graphene was almost transparent with transmittance of 97.7% at 550nm. The enhancement of the electrical and adhesion properties of graphene originated from the synergistic adsorption of imidazole and etched Cu ions, which results in p-doping of graphene.</P>
Host Cell Nuclear Localization of Shigella flexneri Effector OspF Is Facilitated by SUMOylation
( Kyungmin Jo ),( Eun Jin Kim ),( Hyun Jin Yu ),( Cheol-heui Yun ),( Dong Wook Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.3
When Shigella infect host cells, various effecter molecules are delivered into the cytoplasm of the host cell through the type III secretion system (TTSS) to facilitate their invasion process and control the host immune responses. Among these effectors, the S. flexneri effector OspF dephosphorylates mitogen-activated protein kinases and translocates itself to the nucleus, thus preventing histone H3 modification to regulate expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Despite the critical role of OspF, the mechanism by which it localizes in the nucleus has remained to be elucidated. In the present study, we identified a potential small ubiquitinrelated modifier (SUMO) modification site within OspF and we demonstrated that Shigella TTSS effector OspF is conjugated with SUMO in the host cell and this modification mediates the nuclear translocation of OspF. Our results show a bacterial virulence factor can exploit host post-translational machinery to execute its intracellular trafficking.
Facile decrease in the electron-transfer rate and surface roughness of gold by ultrasonic treatment
Jo, Kyungmin,Dutta, Gorachand,Kim, Jeong Won,Yang, Haesik The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Chemical communications Vol.48 No.70
<P>This communication reports that the electron-transfer rate and surface roughness of Au electrodes can be decreased simply by ultrasonic treatment. It seems that the hydroxyl radical generated during ultrasonic treatment plays an important role, as in the case of treatment with Fenton's reagent.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>This communication reports that the electron-transfer rate and surface roughness of Au electrodes can be decreased simply by ultrasonic treatment. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cc33875k'> </P>
CANON 공정에서 운전조건에 따른 질소 제거효율 및 미생물군집 변화
조경민(Kyungmin Jo),박영현(Younghyun Park),조순자(Sunja Cho),이태호(Taeho Lee) 大韓環境工學會 2015 대한환경공학회지 Vol.37 No.6
질소화합물은 부영양화 등 수질을 악화시키는 결과를 초래하므로 질소 제거는 수처리에 있어 가장 중요한 문제들 중하나이다. 본 연구에서는 독립영양탈질 공정인 CANON (Completely Autotrophic Nitrogen-removal Over Nitrite)을 이용하여 암모니아성 질소 제거 효율을 평가하고, 미생물 군집 분석을 수행하였다. AOB (Ammonium Oxidizing Bacteria)와 ANAMMOX (ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation)균을 동시에 식종하고, 37℃에서 유입 암모니아성 질소농도 100 mg-N/L와 아질산성 질소농도 100 mg-N/L 조건으로 운전한 결과, 성공적인 CANON 반응이 유도되었다. 유입수에서 아질산성 질소를 제외시키고 암모니아성 질소(100 mg-N/L)만을 공급하였을 때, DO농도 0.4 mg/L 이상에서는 CANON의 성능이 악화되었지만, DO농도를 0.3 mg/L으로 낮추자 71.3%의 총 질소제거효율을 나타내었다. 유입 암모니아성 질소 농도를 50 mg-N/L로 낮추었을 때, 질소제거효율이 급격히 악화되었다. 그러나 유입농도를 다시 100 mg-N/L로 증가시키자 14일 만에 이전의 질소제거성능을 회복하였고, 이후 76.1±4.9%의 총 질소제거효율을 나타냈다. 온도를 상온(20±1℃) 조건으로 전환하자 초기에는 불안정한 CANON반응이 일어났지만, 23일 이후에는 안정적인 총 질소제거효율(70.0±2.6%)을 유지하였다. PCR-DGGE를 이용한 미생물군집 분석 결과, 식종원과 CANON의 미생물군집은 확연한 차이를 나타냈지만, CANON의 각 조건에 따른 미생물군집은 크게 다르지 않았다. 따라서 질소제거 성능의 악화는 미생물군집을 구성하는 미생물종의 변화에 기인하기 보다는 구성 미생물종들의 질소제거 활성의 저하에 기인하는 것으로 생각된다. 이러한 결과는 AOB와 ANAMMOX균을 식종하여 CANON 반응을 성공적으로 유도한다면, 이후 농도나 온도의 변화에도 안정적인 미생물군집을 유지할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. Nitrogen removal is one of the most important issues about wastewater treatment because nitrogen is a primary pollutant caused various problems such as eutrophication. We developed a CANON microbial community by using AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria as seeding sources. When 100 mg-N/L of influent ammonium was supplied, the DO above 0.4 mg/L showed a very low TN removal efficiency while the DO of 0.3 mg/L showed TN removal efficiency as high as 71.3%. When the influent ammonium concentration was reduced to 50 mg/L, TN removal efficiency drastically deceased. However, TN removal efficiency was recovered to above 70% after 14 day operation when the influent nitrogen concentration was changed again from 50 mg-N/L to 100 mg-N/L. According to the operating temperature from 37±1℃ to 20±1℃, TN removal efficiency also rapidly decreased but gradually increased again up to 70.0±2.6%. The analysis of PCR-DGGE showed no substantial difference in microbial community structures under different operational conditions. This suggests that if CANON sludge is once successfully developed from a mixture of AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria, the microbial community can be stably maintained regardless of the changes in operational conditions.
Model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of oral antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 in Korea
Jo Youngji,Kim Sun Bean,Radnaabaatar Munkhzul,Huh Kyungmin,Yoo Jin-Hong,Peck Kyong Ran,Park Hojun,정재훈 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-
OBJECTIVES: Many countries have authorized the emergency use of oral antiviral agents for patients with mild-to-moderate cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We assessed the cost-effectiveness of these agents for reducing the number of severe COVID-19 cases and the burden on Korea’s medical system. METHODS: Using an existing model, we estimated the number of people who would require hospital/intensive care unit (ICU) admission in Korea in 2022. The treatment scenarios included (1) all adult patients, (2) elderly patients only, and (3) adult patients with underlying diseases only, compared to standard care. Based on the current health system capacity, we calculated the incremental costs per severe case averted and hospital admission for each scenario. RESULTS: We estimated that 236,510 COVID-19 patients would require hospital/ICU admission in 2022 with standard care only. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (87% efficacy) was predicted to reduce this number by 80%, 24%, and 17% when targeting all adults, adults with underlying diseases, and elderly patients (25, 8, and 4%, respectively, for molnupiravir, with 30% efficacy). Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use is likely to be cost-effective, with predicted costs of US$8,878, US$8,964, and US$1,454, per severe patient averted for the target groups listed above, respectively, while molnupiravir is likely to be less cost-effective, with costs of US$28,492, US$29,575, and US$7,915, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In Korea, oral treatment using nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for symptomatic COVID-19 patients targeting elderly patients would be highly cost-effective and would substantially reduce the demand for hospital admission to below the capacity of the health system if targeted to all adult patients instead of standard care.