The Proposal of a Verbal Interaction Framework for Elementary Science Teachers

Kim,Jong-young(Jong-young Kim),Shin,Myeong-kyeong(Myeong-kyeong Shin),Kim,Eun-jeong(Eun-jeong Kim) 경인교육대학교 교육연구원 2022 교육논총 Vol.42 No.-

This study is purposed to specifically present and suggest two of the five aspects of the existing framework using data recorded by science class teachers. Mortimer and Scott (2003) viewed teaching purposes, content, communicative approach, patterns of discourse, and teacher intervention as five aspects of classroom discourse analysis, analyzed for secondary science classes. In this study, four episodes were extracted from elementary science classes, the entire analysis was conducted, and the analysis frame developed in this study was applied. The results of the study showed that elementary science classes were analyzed differently according to class flow and the score of the Reformed Teaching Observation Protocol (RTOP). In addition, the analysis framework presented in this study and the score of the RTOP were slightly consistent.

신안 상서고분군 석재에 대한 암석학적 특성과 석재 유통 고찰

윤석태 ( Youn Seok-tai ),고영구 ( Koh Yeong-koo ),오강호 ( Oh Kang-ho ),김해정 ( Kim Hae-jung ),신자경 ( Shin Ja-kyeong ),김해경 ( Kim Hai-gyoung ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2018 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.30 No.1

이 연구는 전남 신안군 상태도에 위치한 상서고분군 축조에 사용된 석재들에 대한 암석학적 특성과 채석 등 유통과정에 대해 고찰하고자 하였다. 고분 축조에 사용된 석재들에 대한 암석학적 특성 연구는 외관적 관찰에 의한 암석기재적 연구와 편광현미경 하에서 암석의 광물조성과 조직특성에 대한 연구 및 암석의 주성분 함량조성을 통한 지구화학적 연구를 수행하였다. 이 연구들과 함께 주변지질들과 관련하여 고분석재들의 채석과 이송 등에 대한 연구도 병행하였다. 고대로부터 신안군 일대는 한국-중국-일본을 연결하는 고대 해상교통로에 중요한 위치를 점하는 것으로 알려져 고분 축조에 사용되었던 석재 연구는 고대 해양사 측면에서 의미를 지닌다고 할 수 있다. 기재적 관찰에서 석재들은 중성암맥 기원인 안산반암을 제외하고는 대부분이 응회암류에 해당한다. 이들은 라필리응회암과 세립질 응회암으로 구분되는데 대부분 세립질 응회암에 속한다. 응회암 구성입자들은 각상에서 초각상이고 분급도는 불량하다. 세립질 응회암들은 매우 치밀한 조직을 보유하고 특히 라필리응회암의 불규칙한 이탈흔들은 타포니(tafoni)와 관련될 가능성이 있다. 응회암의 입자들은 사장석편과 암편 등이 주를 이루며 크기 범위가 광범위하다. 사장석들은 알바이트 쌍정이 잘 나타나고 격자쌍정을 이루는 미사장석들도 출현한다. 응회암의 치밀한 조직은 부분적으로 속성작용과 관련되는 것으로 여겨지며 다양한 풍화정도를 보인다. 또한, 미세한 석영맥들이 응회암들을 종횡으로 관통하고 있다. 상기한 상서고분군 석재들에 대한 주성분 원소 함량에 대한 지구화학적 연구에 의하면, 이들 응회암은 화산암류 관점에서 산성암계열에 근접한 중성암 계열 및 산성암계열에 해당시킬 수 있다. 이러한 함량분포 특성 상, 이 응회암들은 두 가지 군으로 나눌 수 있다. 그리고 TAS(total alakali vs silica) 분류에서 이 응회암들은 저알칼리암 계열에 도시된다. 고분축조에 사용된 응회암들은 주변의 암석과 매우 유사하며 석재들 자체도 광물조상과 조직특성에서 서로 유사정도가 높다. 일반적으로 응회암들은 판상특성, 가공의 용이성 및 상대적인 견고성으로 고분과 건축 등에 많이 이용되어 왔다. 이러한 결과들을 기반으로 고분축조에 사용된 응회암들은 산성암계열에 근접한 중성암계열 및 산성암계열 기원을 가지며 주변 암석에서 채석·이송된 것으로 추정된다. This study considers on petrological characteristics and distribution to building stones of Sangseo tumuli in Santae Island, Shin-an, Jeonnam. The petrological study on the stones includes visually petrographical descriptions, textural study by polarized microscope and geochemical analysis. Along with the study, distribution routes of the stones were traced based on the regional geology of the island. Since ancient times, the study area is important as a base on international maritime traffic route. Therefore, studies on the tumuli are meaningful for ancient maritime history. In visual observation, above building stones are of tuffs except for an andesitic porphyry considered as intermediate dyke. The tuffs are assigned to lapilli and fine ones. Their grains are poorly sorted and angular to very angular in roundness. In particular, the fine tuffs show very dense textures and take up the most part of the building stones. In addition, the stones have irregularly removed depressions inferred as the linkage to tafoni, in lapilli tuffs particularly. The tuffs are mainly of plagioclases laths, rock fragments and matrices and ranges widely in grain size. The plagioclases show mostly unambiguous albite twin. And, microcline crystals are observed in the tuffs too. Matrices in the tuffs are considerably dense and weathered. Dense texture in the rocks are related to diagenesis in part. In addition, thin quartz veins irregularly intruded the rocks vertically and horizontally. According to the geochemical analysis of building stones of above tumuli, the stones might be intermediate rock series near acidic rock ones and acidic rock ones in the correspondence of volcanics. Therefore, the tuffs probably grouped as two types and are assigned to subalkaline rock series by TAS diagram. Most the building stones mutually resemble in visual and textural characteristics. Tuffs are generally platy, easy in use and relatively hard. In addition, rocks very similar to the building stones are widely distributed in surrounding area. Synthesizing above results, it is considered that tuffs used in tumuli building are corresponded to intermediate rock series near acidic rock ones and acidic rock, and got from surrounding rocks.

학동기 이후의 성장 주기별 신장 및 체중 증가율에 관한 연구

신상만,박경배,박준수,김창휘 순천향의학연구소 1996 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.2

This study was carried out to know the growth rate of height and weight in Korean children which was conducted on semi-longitudinal research method. For this study, health records of the sample group that carry information for the period from their first grade of elementary school to the third grade of high school were used, 120 males and 120 females who became third grade of high school in 1994 were selected at random from each of the four cities; Seoul, Chonan, Kumi and Eumsung. Among 917 candidates, 460 males and 457 females born between March 1976 and December 1976 were finally selected as a sample for the purpose of this research. The results are as follows; 1. Measurement of the physique Both male and female samples showed constant growth in height and weight. Male grew from the range of 115.8±4.8㎝ at the age of 6 to 171.5±5.6㎝ at 17 while females grew from the range of 114.6±4.7㎝ to 158.9±5.1㎝. The Weight of males rose from the range of 19.9±2.5Kg at the age of 6 to 62.5 ±8.1Kg at 17 while that of females increased from the range of 19.3±2.4Kg to 54.1±6.9Kg. 2. Growth and Nutritional Indices The study revealed that relative weight of the sample group increased as they grew older. The Kaup index also showed an increase in line with the advancement in their ages, and exceeded 2.0 at the age of 15 for males and at the age of 14 for females. The Rohrer index, on the other hand, showed a declining trend for the first several years but began to increase at the age of 13 for males and at the age of 11 for females. 3. Comparative analysis with similar regardless that were performed using sample groups born in 1965 and 1970 revealed the followings; ① Height - The average height of male samples(born in 1976) under this survey was bigger than that of male samples born in 1965 in their respective age from 6 to 17. - The average height of male samples born in 1970 was bigger than that of male samples born in 1970 from 6 to 14 but showed no difference after 15. - Female samples born in 1976 showed height that was bigger than the other sample groups born in 1965 and 1970 in their respective age from 6 to 17. ② Weight Both male and female samples under this survey weighed more than their counterpart sample groups born in 1965 and 1970 in their respective age. 4. The Maximum Growth Age was 12.3 for males and 10.4 for females. Males grew 5.92±2.77㎝ a year on an average when they were 12 and 13 years old while females grew 5.93±2.69㎝ when they were 11 and 12 years old. In conclusion, the study revealed that like in other countries males and females experienced the second growth spurt during their adolescence and relatively slow growth thereafter. Unlike height which showed constant growth, weight varied; there were incidences where females even experienced weight loss after years of diminishing growth rate in the wake of the adolescence.

대학생의 사랑에 대한 태도와 성의식

김경신,윤상희,김오남 全南大學校家政科學硏究所 1995 生活科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-

The purposes of this article are to find general trends of college students' attitude of love and sex consciousness, to estimate the differences according to related variables and to investigate relation of attitude of love and sex consciousness. The data were obtained through 130 men and 113 women college students living in Kwangju. The major findings are as follows; 1. Men college students' attitude scores of love were higher than women's and it was significantly different in passion, commitment, and total attitude of love accord-ing to gender. Women college students' sex consciousness was more traditional and sex knowledge scores were lower than men. 2. Attitude of love was significantly different from income, dating motive and dating experience in men and dating motive and dating frequency in women. Sex consciousness was significantly different from income, mother's age, dating experience, dating duration and dating frequency in men and residence, dating experience and dating duration in women. Significant differences in sex permissiveness were found according to intimacy in men and passion in women students. 3. Men college students' attitude of love was not related to sex consciousness but women students' was significantly related.

사마귀버섯(Thelephora terrestris) 등 한국산 야생 담자균류 32 종의 렉틴활성

신가영,이지선,김용주,김빛나,정경수 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2004 藥學論文集 Vol.19 No.-

As a preliminary step to develop noble immunomodulatory lectins from Korean basidiomycetes, 32 species of wild mushrooms were collected and their lectin activities were screened using hemagglutination assay. As a result, cold-water extract of 21 species including Thelephora terrestris showed agglutination activities From T. terrestrisa, partially purified lectin fractions, cTTL_(50) and cTTL_(100), were prepared by extraction with cold phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.2), precipitation with ammonium sulfate and then dialysis Of these. cTTL_(100) was found to be a strong immunomodulating lectin in that it aggluinated BALB/c erythrocytes and sarcoma 180 tumor cells at the concentration of ≥1.95 ㎍/㎖ and ≥39 ㎍/㎖, respectively, and stimulated the peritoneal macrophages to spread at 200 ㎍/㎖.

가사노동의 에너지 대사에 관한 연구 : 작업대 높이를 중심으로 On the basis of the height of Work Surface

김미현,김영숙,신경원,이미선 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1986 家政大論集 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 동일 작업대에서 가사노동시 작업자의 신장과 에너지 대사와의 관계를 분석하는데 있다. 실험은 가사에 경험이 있는 자로서 신장별로 A(152㎝), B(159㎝), C(172㎝)를 피실험자로 하여 Respilyzer를 이용한 간접열량 측정법을 이용하였다. 실험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 각 작업의 R. M. R. 평균은 설겆이 작업 0.64, 고구마 채썰기 0.77, 고구마 볶기는 0.42였다. 2. 개수대 작업에서 신장별에 따라 R. M. R.은 피실험자 C. A. B.의 순으로 키가 큰 사람이 (C) 1.16으로 에너지소모가 가장 많았다. 3. 준비대 작업에서 신장별에 따라 R. M. R.은 피실험자 A. B. C의 순으로 나타났으나 그 차이가 타작업에 비해 근소하였다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때 현재 시판되고 있는 작업대 높이에서 주부가 가사노동할 경우 표준신장에 가까운 사람에 비해 신장에 차이가 있는 사람은 개수대, 준비대에서의 작업시 에너지소모가 많다는 것을 알 수 있다. 생활수준의 향상과 더불어 신장도 증가하는 일로에 있으나 가사노동하는 주부의 체위는 다양하다. 이러한 점을 고려할 때 기업체에서는 시판 작업대 제작시 높이를 평균 키에 맞추어 단일화시킬 것이 아니라 작업자의 체위를 고려하여 적어도 상, 중, 하의 높이의 형으로라도 되어질 것이 요구된다고 하겠다. The purpose of present research is to analyze the relation of the height of homeworker and the Energy- Metabolism when welted on Sink Center, Mix Center andRange . Experiment was used indirection - calorimetry with Respilyzer and subjects wereclassified into A(152cm), B(158.6cm) and C(172cm) according to height. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. The average of R. M. R. in each homeworking was 0.64 in dishwashing (Sink Center), 0.77 in sweet potato slicing (Mix Center) and 0.42 in sweet potato Panbroiling (Range). 2. In dishwashing, R. H. R. according to height was the highest in the subject Cin order of C.A. B. 3. In sweet potato slicing, R. M. R. according to height was the hightest in thesubject A in order of A. C. B. 4. In sweet potato pan-broiling, R. M. R. according to height was high in orderof the subject A. B. C but the difference of R. M. R. among A. B. C was a few ascompared with dishwashing and sweet potato slicing.

관절경을 이용한 전방 십자인대 재건술: : Two Tunnel Method와 One Tunnel Method의 비교 Comparison of Two Tunnel Method with One Tunnel Method

김경순,신규철,김동헌 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1995 건국의과학학술지 Vol.5 No.-

저자들은 1988년 3월부터 1994년 9월까지 진구성 방전십자인대 손상에 대하여 관절경하에서 슬개골-건-골을 이용하여 재건술을 시행한 환자중 1년이상 추시가 가능했던 30례의 환자를 대상으로 결과를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 남자가 많았고 30대가 가장 많았다. 2) 가장 많은 손상 원인은 교통사고였으며 17명의 환자에서 동반손상이 있었다. 3) 수상후 수술까지의 기간은 평균 9개월이었고 3개월부터 18개월까지 고른 분포를 보였다. 4) 가장 많은 동반손상은 내측부 인대 파열이었고 다음은 내측부 반월판 손상이었다. 5) 환자의 임상적 평가는 Lysholm knee scoring scale을 사용하였다. Two tunnel군에서는 최종 평가시 79%에서 양호 이상의 소견을 보였고, One tunnel 군에서는 81%에서 양호 이상의 소견을 보였다. 6) 10명의 환자에서 추시관절경을 시행하였으며 관절경 소견상 이식거늬의 생착과정을 확인할 수 있었다. 저자들은 관절경하에서 슬개골-건-골을 이용한 선방 십자인대 재건술을 시행하여 양호한 결과를 얻었고 향후 장기 추시가 필요할 것으로 사료되며 두 가지 수술 방법에 따른 뚜렷한 차이는 없었다. 또한 추시 관절경 검사는 이식건의 성숙 과정을 관찰하고 환자의 재활치료에 방침을 정하기 위해 필요하리라고 사료된다. Recent Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction methods have been developed as a technical solution to achieve proper positioning of the graft. In this study, ACL tear were treated with BTB autograft using either arthroscopic two tunnel method or one tunnel method. We analyzed the 30 cases who had taken the reconstruction surgery of ACL from March 1988 to September 1994. The results were as follows. In the two tunnel group, 79%(15 patients) were estimated as exellent or good result and 81%(9 patients) in the One tunnel group. Follow-up arthroscopy was perfomed to observe the maturation process of the graft in 10 cases. There was no clinical differences between two groups.

청소년자녀의 학업에 대한 가족원의 스트레스 대처방안과 관련변인 분석

김경신 全南大學校家政科學硏究所 1993 生活科學硏究 Vol.3 No.-

This study was to investigate stress coping methods in academic achievement among adolescents and their parents, and to examine the effects of demographic and family-re-lated variables. To study these objectives, three kinds of questionnaire and matched samples of parent-child were used. The data were obtained through 360 pairs living in Seoul,Taejon, and Kwangju. The major findings are as follows: 1. In adolescents' academic achievement family members stress coping methods are used insufficiently and problem-focused coping mechanisms are appeared more than emotion-focused coping mechanisms especially in fathers. The correlation analysis reveal that the transmissions of positive coping methods between parents and children are difficult, so adolescents show passive and negative coping mechanisms and parents are not effective stress coping agent for adolescents' achademic achievement. 2. Significant differences in stress coping methods are found according to demographic and related variables especially family members' academic aspirations, parents' education and income. In addition, parents' coping methods show significant differences in economic and discipline power for children. 3. In analyzing the causal effects among family-related variables, family cohesion, adolescents ego identity, academic achievement need, intimacy with parent and congruency with father affect significantly family members' stress coping methods. Especially parents' and children's stress coping methods are mediated by parent-child acceptabiltiy, so intimate and satisfied parent-child relationships can protect serious stressors as academic achievement problems.

자동생화학 분석기 Hitachi 7180의 평가

신경섭,주대일,김영숙 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2003 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.13 No.2

연구목적: 저자들은 본원에 응급화학검사기기로 새로 도입된 Hitachi 7180 (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan)의 분석 능을 보기 위하여, 정밀도, 직선성, 정확성을 평가하였으며 기존의 화학검사기기인 Hitachi 747 (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan)과의 상관성도 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 포도당, 크레아티닌, blood urea nitrogen (이하 BUN), 총단백, 알부민, aspartic transaminase (이하 AST), 나트륨, 칼륨, 클로라이드 등 총 9종목에 대하여 정밀도를 측정하였으며, 포도당, 크레아티닌, BUN, AST에 대하여 직선성 및 회수율을 구하였다. 포도당, 크레아티닌, AST 및 총 빌리루빈에 대하여 Hitachi 747과 상관관계를 평가하였다 결과: 일내 정밀도는 저농도 및 고농도 정도관리 물질에서 3.05% 및 2.02% 이하의 변이계수를 보였으며, 총 정밀도는 각각 4.4%와 2.42% 이하의 변이계수를 보였다. 직선성을 평가한 모든 항목의 결정계수(r²)는 0.999 이상이었다. 회수율은 평가한 4종목에서 100.0에서 103.08% 사이이었다. Hitachi 747과 상관검사에서 측정한 4종목의 상관계수(r)는 모두 0.9986 이상이었다. 결론: Hitachi 7180은 정밀도, 직선성 및 회수율이 우수하였으며, 기존의 기기와 좋은 상관성을 보여 임상검사실에서의 적용에 유용할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose: The authors evaluated a recently introduced chemical analyzer, Hitachi 7180 (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) for precision, linearity, accuracy and comparability with Hitachi 747 (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) to see if it was suitable for the stat analyzer. Material and Methods: The precision, linearity, accuracy and comparison study were performed. For twenty day, the precision was performed for glucose, creatinine, BUN, protein, albumin, AST, sodium, potassium and chloride. The linearity and recovery rates were performed for glucose, creatinine, AST, BUN. The comparison study was performed with Hitachi 747 for glucose, creatinine, AST and total bilirubin. Results: The within-run coefficients of variations (CVs) at low and high concentrations were less than 3.05% and 2.02%, respectively. The total CVs for each groups were less than 4.4% and 2.42%, respectively. The linearity was well maintained in range of medically significant levels(r²≥0.999). The recovery rates were good for all tested items (100-103.8%). In comparison study, coefficients of correlation exceeded 0.9986 for all tests. Conclusion: The precision, linearity and accuracy of Hitachi 7180 were good. The correlation with Hitachi 747 was good. We concluded that its analyzer can be useful for clinical laboratory.

인공모래 부산물 재활용 방안

김경남,신대용,이현종 강원대학교 부설 석재복합신소재 제품연구센터 2002 석재연 논문집 Vol.7 No.-

인공모래 제조시 부산물로 발생하는 석분슬러지에 의한 환경문제와 폐기되는 자원의 활용문제를 해결하기 위하여 석분슬러지와 점토 및 폐유리분말을 이용하여 900∼1,100℃로 소성하여 세라믹스 건자재를 제조하였다. 석분 슬러지는 평균입경 16.3㎛, 비표면적 0.42㎡/g, 화학조성은 CaO 46.43wt%, SiO_2, MgO 와 Al_2O_3가 7.83 wt% , 6.17 wt% 및 3.13 wt%이며, 주결정상은 calcite (CaCO_3)와 dolomite (CaMg(CO_3)_2)로서 약 800℃에서 CaCO_3나 CaMg(CO_3)_2의 열분해에 의한 32.52wt% 의 강열감량을 나타내었다. 석분슬러지와 점토를 이용한 시편(No. 1, 4, 7, 10 및 13)은 점토의 첨가량과 소성온도가 증가함에 따라 시편의 부피비중 및 압축강도는 증가하였으나 기공률과 흡수율은 감소하여 No. 1, 4, 및 7 시편은 부피비중 1.78∼1.98, 기공률 6.4∼12.5%, 흡수율 10.3∼12.7%, 압축강도 264∼370kgf/㎠을 나타내었다. 폐유리분말을 첨가한 시편(No. 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10 및 12)의 부피비중과 압축강도는 1.91∼2.63 및 213∼895kgf/㎠로서 폐유리분말의 첨가가 시편의 소결성과 압축강도의 향상에 기여하여 세라믹스 건자재로 사용이 가능하였다. The utilization of waste stone powder sludge produced secondarily from artificial sand plants of Ssangyoung resource development (Co.) and general waste, as was classified, became very important to solve the environmental problem and waste materials recycle. In the chemical composition of stone powder sludge, the amount of CaO was 46.43wt%, SiO_2, MgO and Al_2O_3 were 7.83 wt% 6.17 wt% and 3.13 wt%, respectively. The mean average particle size was 16.3㎛ and specific surface area was 0.42㎡/g. Main crystal phases were calcite (CaCO_3) and dolomite (CaMg(CO_3)_2) and ignition loss was 32.52wt% because of decomposition of CaCO_3 or CaMg(CO_3)_2. Specimens were fabricated by mixing the waste stone powder sludge, low-grade clay, waste glass powder and sintering at 900∼1,100℃ for 2 hours. The density and compressive strength of specimen increased with increasing the sintering temperature and the amount of clay. The specimen showed the bulk density of 1.78∼1.98, porosity of 6.4∼12.5%, water absorption 10.3∼12.7% and compressive strength of 264∼370 kgf/㎠. Those of the specimen heated at 1,050℃ increased with increasing the added amount of waste glass powder, bulk density was 1.91∼2.63 and compressive strength was 213∼895 kgf/㎠. Therefore, the waste stone powder sludge can be used as a constructional materials.