조혈모세포이식 후 골성장인자의 변화 및 골대사에 미치는 영향 : Impact on Bone Mineral Metabolism

백기현,오은숙,오기원,이원영,김혜수,권순용,한제호,강무일,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 각종 장기이식의 시행이 많아지고 이식 후 생존율이 증가함에 따라 이식 후 합병증에 대한 관심 또한 높아지고 있다. 조혈모세포이식 후에도 다양한 내분비적 합병증이 발생할 수 있으며 골격에 대한 합병증도 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 조혈모세포 이식 후 발생하는 골소실에는 이식 후 초기의 골형성 저하와 골흡수 증가가 중요한 역할을 담당하리라고 추측되는데 이러한 골재형성불일치(biochemical uncoupling)에 골 성장인자들이 미치는 영향에 대해서는 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 조혈모세포이식 전, 후로 말초 혈액에서 IGF-I, FGF-2, M-CSF같은 성장인자의 변화를 알아보고, 이들 성장인자의 변화가 조혈모세포이식 후의 골형과 골흡수에 미치는 영향 및 이식 후 발생되는 골량 소실과의 연관성을 확인해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 여러 가지 혈액질환으로 인해 동종 골수이식을 시행 받은 환자들을 전향적으로 관찰하였으며 이식 전 및 이식 후 1주, 2주, 3주, 4주 및 3개월, 6개월 1년에 말초 혈액에서 골교체표지자를 측정하였다. 이식 전 및 이식1년 후에 요추골 및 대퇴골 골밀도를 측정할 수 있었던 36명의 환자들을 대상으로 냉동 보관되어 있던 혈청을 이용하여 IGF-I, FGF-2 및 M-CSF를 시기별로 측정하였으며 이들 성장인자와 골교체표지자의 변화 및 골밀도 변화 사이의 상관관계를 확인하였다. 결과: 골흡수 표지자인 혈청 ICTP는 이식 전에 비해 이식 후 4주까지 점차 의의 있게 증가하다가 이후 6개월까지 더욱 증가한 후 감소하였다. 골형성 표지자인 osteocalcin은 이식 후 3주까지는 점차 감소하다가 이후 증가하여 이식 후 3개월 및 6개월에 기저치보다 통계적으로 유의하게 증가한 후 감소하였다. 혈청 IGF-I과 FGF-2는 각각 이식 후 3주 및 1주까지 의미있게 감소하다가 이후 증가하였으며 혈청 M-CSF는 이식 후 1주째에 기저치에 비해 의미 있게 증가하였다가 이후 기저치로 회복되었다. 이식 1년 후 평균 요추부 골밀도는 5.2% 감소하였고 평균 근위대퇴골 골밀도는 11.6% 감소하였다. 이식 전 및 이식 후 3주에 측정한 IGF-I과 같은 시기에 측정한 오스테오칼신 사이에 유의한 상관관계가 관찰되었으며 이식 후 3주째의 M-CSF와 골흡수표지자인 M-CSF 사이에서 의미 있는 양의 상관관계를 관찰할 수 있었다. 이식 후 3주 및 3개월에 IGF-I이 낮은 환자일수록 이식 1년 후 근위대퇴골에서의 골소실이 많은 것으로 분석되었다. 결론: 조혈모세포이식 후 발생하는 골소실에는 기존에 알려진 기저질환의 영향, 성호르몬의 감소, 면역억제의 투여, 골수기질세포와 조골세포의 손상 및 이식초기 사이토카인의 변화이외에도 골성장인자가 관련이 있음을 확인하였고, 이는 이식 후 발생되는 골량소실에 중요한 역할을 할 것이라고 사료된다. Background: A loss of bone mass is usually detected after a bone marrow transplantation (BMT), especially during the early post-transplant period. We recently reported that enhanced bone resorption following a BMT was related to both the steroid dose and the increase in IL-6. We also suggested damage to the marrow stromal microenvironment, by myoablation, partly explains the impaired bone formation following a BMT. It is well known that some growth factor play important role in bone growth and osteogenesis. However, the pathogenetic role of bone growth factors in post-BMT bone loss is unknown and data on the changes in the growth factors, in accordance with bone turnover markers and bone mineral density (BMD) changes are scarce. We investigated changes in bone growth factors such as IGF-I (Insulin-like growth factor-I), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), during the post-BMT period, and assessed whether the growth factor changes influenced the bone turnover and post-BMT bone loss. The present study is the first prospective study to describe the changes in bone growth factors following a BMT. Methods: We prospectively investigated 110 patients undergoing a BMT, and analyzed 36 patients (32.4±1.3 years, 17 men and 19 women) whose BMDs were measured before, and 1 year after, the BMT. The serum biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured before, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks, 3 and 6 months, and 1 year, after the BMT. The serum, FGF-2, IGF-I and M-CSF levels were measured before and 1 and 3 weeks, and 3 months after the BMT. The correlation between the changes of growth factors and various bone parameters was analyzed. Results: The mean bone losses in the lumbar spine and total proximal femur, calculated as the percentage change from the baseline to the level at 1 year, were 5.2(p<0.05) and 11.6%(p<0.01), respectively. the serum type I carboxyterminal telopeptide(ICTP), a bone resorption marker, increased progressively until 6 months after the BMT, but thereafter decreased, to the base value after 1 year. Serum osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, decreased progressively, until 3 weeks after the BMT but then increased transiently, and finally returned to the base level at 1 year. The serum IGF-I and FGF-2 also decreased progressively until 3 weeks 1 week after the BMT, respectively, then increased to the base values at 3 months. The serum M-CSF increased briskly at 1 week post-BMT, then decreased to the base level. There were positive correlations between the percentage changes from the baseline proximal femur BMD and the IGF-I levels 3 weeks and 3 months (r=0.52, p<0.01, r=0.41, p<0.05) post BMT. A significant correlation was found between the IGF-I and osteocalcin levels pre-BMT, and 3 weeks after the BMT. Another positive correlation was found between the M-CSF and the ICTP levels at 3 weeks post BMT (r=0.54, p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, there were significant changes in the serum IGF-I, FGF-2 and M-CSF levels in the immediate post-BMT period, which were related to a decrease in bone formation and loss in the proximal femoral BMD during the year following the BMT (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:664∼674, 2002).

남대 농구, 배구선수들의 훈련기간중 운동 피로가 뇨(尿)성분 변화에 미치는 영향

백영호,황영성,이광무 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1992 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exercise fatigue during training terms on urine composition in male university basketball and volleyball athletes. Researchers took athletes' urine when he gets up, before A.M. exercise, after A.M. exercise, before P.M. exercise, after P.M. exercise and measured the urine composition through the experimental measurement. The results of this experiment were as follow: 1) In the urine pH, there was significant change for daily exercise in basketball and volleyball athletes(P<0.01). 2) In the urine glucose, there was no significant change for daily exercise. 3) In the urine protein, there was significant change for daily exercise in basketball and volleyball athletes(P<0.01). 4) In the urine occult blood, there was no significant change for daily exercise. 5) In the urine ketone body, there was no significant change for daily exercise. 6) In the urine bilirubin, there was no significant change for daily exercise. 7) In the urine urobilinogen, there was no significant change for daily exercise. 8) In the urine pH, occult blood, ketone body and bilirubin, there were no significant change for training terms. 9) In the athletes' urine glucose, there was significant change at before A.M. exercise for training terms(P<0.05). 10) In the athletes' urine protein, there was significant change at wake up and after P.M. exercise for training terms(P<0.05). 11) In the athletes' urine urobilinogen, there was significant change at wake up for training terms(P<0.05).

慶北地方 鄕校의 配置類型에 對한 考察

백영흠,손광제 대구대학교 (한사대학) 산업기술연구소 1985 産業技術硏究 Vol.4 No.-

Confucian school remains in existence because it has been the base of Confucian scholars. There have been some studies of the architecture of Confucian school, but little data are left because those studies were focused on famous Confucian school. In this paper, 41 Confucian schools which were scattered in Kyung sang buk-do province were Studied and I want present some materials for the study of History of Architecture. The scope of study is limited on plot planning of space and the studies concerning planning and structure will be done on nest paper. The study was done for one month from August 3. 1984.

수용액을 이용한 연속제빙 시스템

백광민,홍희기,김성수,강채동 경희대학교 산학협력기술연구원 2004 산학협력기술연구논문집 Vol.10 No.2

This study is to find a proper condition of a way out of flow rate and control temperature of solution in ice slurry type about ice adhesion problem of dynamic system manufacturing ice slurry system with non-mechanical motion. An additive of solution consists of ethylene glycol(EG) 1 mass%, silane coupling agent(SCA) 3 mass% and water 96 mass%, and control temperature of brine is maintained at regular temperature through the basic test. The flow rate of solution set a datum point each of 5, 10, 14 LPM and the control temperature of solution is tested at O.5℃ intervals from -1.0℃ to -3.0℃, considering the density of additives. After supercooling is reduced, generating continuous ice formation for over an hour which does not produce ice adhesion is chosen the best stable condition.

漢文敎科에서 ICT 活用敎育의 現況과 展望

白光鎬 한국한문교육학회 2002 한문교육논집 Vol.18 No.-

본 연구는 2000년부터 한국교육학술정보원을 중심으로 학교 현장에 확산되고 있는 'ICT 활용교육'의 개념과 특징을 알아보고, 한문교과에서는 그 동안 어떻게 활용되어 왔는지 현장에서의 사례 중심으로 살펴봄으로써 '한문과 ICT 활용교육'의 현재를 진단하고 문제점과 개선방안을 제시함으로써 바람직한 ICT 활용교육의 방향을 찾아보고자 한 것이다. Ⅰ장에서는 간단하게 ICT 활용교육이 교육 현장에 들어오게 된 배경을 소개하고 본고의 연구 목적을 밝혔다. Ⅱ장에서는 'ICT 활용교육'의 전반에 대해 살펴보았다. 먼저 교단선진화·자기주도적 학습·INTERNET·PBL·WBI 등 관련 용어를 정의했고, 'ICT 활용교육'의 개념과 목표 및 필요성에 대해 살펴보았다. 'ICT 활용교육'은 기본적인 정보소양능력을 바탕으로 학습 및 일상생활의 문제해결에 정보통신기술을 적극적으로 활용할 수 있도록 하는 교육을 의미하는데, 제7차 교육과정이 도입되면서 그 필요성이 더욱 강조되고 있다. 따라서 한문교과에서도 교수-학습 방법의 효과를 높이고 흥미를 유발할 수 있도록 정보통신기술을 적극 활용해야 할 것이다. Ⅲ장에서는 위와 같은 'ICT 활용교육'을 '漢文敎育' 회지에 소개된 자료를 중심으로 연구된 성과를 검토하고, 현재 현장에서 활발히 사용되고 있는 웹사이트를 중심으로 한문교과에서의 ICT 활용교육을 소개했다. 총 7개의 사이트를 소개했는데, 그 가운데는 학생들이 직접 보고, 쓸 수 있는 전자교과서를 구현한 공간, 학생들이 자기 수준에 맞게 자율학습이 가능한 공간, 학급운영과 조화롭게 결합된 공간 등 매우 다양한 콘텐츠를 갖고 있었다. Ⅳ장에서는 현재 실시되고 있는 ICT 활용교육의 전반적인 문제점과 한문교과만의 문제점을 살펴보고, 개선 방안을 모색해 보았다. 결론인 Ⅴ장에서는 학생들의 적극적인 수업 참여를 목표로 하는 ICT 활용교육이라면 앞으로 나아가야 할 방향을 설정하는 데 있어 '노하우(Know-how)'보다는 '노웨어(Know-where)'를 지향해야 한다는 제안을 했다. This study searches the concept and characteristic of 'ICT practical use in education' that is spreading in school with KERIS(Korea Education & Research Information Service) since 2000, and by investigating to whether had been utilized recently how from sino-korean subject. I wish to find the direction of desirable ICT practical use in education by diagnosing the problem of 'Sino-koprean with ICT', and propose the improvement way. 'Chapter Ⅰ' introduced the background that ICT enters in education and explained research purpose. 'Chapter Ⅱ' examined about whole of 'ICT practical use in education'. Defined relative terminology with SDL(Self-directed learning: Knowles)·INTERNET·PBL·WBI, and examined about concept and target and necessity of 'ICT practical use education'. 'ICT practical use education' means education that do to take advantage of Information Technology actively studying and problem solution of everyday life with basic information grounding ability, as the seventh training courses are introduced, the necessity is emphasized more. Therefore, we must use Information Technology actively so that can heighten effect of tuition-studying method from Sino-korean and cause interest. 'Chapter Ⅲ' checked 'ICT practical use in education' result that is studied laying stress on data that is introduced to 'Hanmungyoyuk' bulletin, and inspected ICT practical use from Sino-korean laying stress on website been using abuzz in present days. I introduced 7 site all, a space, students who embody an electron text book that students are "see, hear, and write" directly among it had space that self-regulation studying is available, very various contents such as space combined harmoniously with class operation according to own level. 'Chapter Ⅳ' examined the general problem of 'ICT practical use in education' that is enforced now and the problem of only Sino-korean, and grope for the improvement way. In chapter Ⅴ, If 'ICT practical use in education' is targeted the active class participation of students, it is that set direction that must go forward where I proposed that must intend 'Know-where' than 'Know-how'.

인체에서 carvedilol의 심혈관계 작용에 대한 PK/PD modeling

백인환,윤민혁,윤휘열,남진경,권광일 충남대학교 약학대학 의약품개발연구소 2007 藥學論文集 Vol.22 No.-

The objective of the present study was to determine and characterize the relationship between the cardiovascular effect and plasma concentration of carvedilol by PK/PD modeling in human. A group of 32 healthy males received oral doses of 25 mg carvedilol, and blood samples were collected thirteen times for up to 30 hours after the drug administration. The effect of carvedilol on blood pressure was measured during the same period. This experiment was analyzed using the liquid-liquid extractions of carvedilol by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Pharmacokinetics parameters of carvedilol were calculated using the two-compartment model with first-order absorption. The average value of C_(max), T_(max), CL/F (apparent clearance), V/F (apparent volume of distribution) and half-life of carvedilol were 62.74 ± 20.12 ng/ml, 1.26 ± 0.86 hrs, 94.64 ± 46.01 L/hr, 1561.78 ± 941.94 L, 12.47 hr, respectively. To explain the relationship between the cardiovascular effect and plasma concentration of carvedilol, plasma drug concentrations were linked to the observed SBP and DBP via a effect compartment with a sigmoid Emax model. The model parameters were estimated by using ADAPT Ⅱ program. This PK/PD model could describe the relationship between plasma concentrations of carvedilol and cardiovascular effect such as the aspects of decreasing blood pressure and the time delay between plasma concentration and pharmaco-dynamic data.

우리나라 재난의학적 처치에 대한 연구 : 1993년 3월 29일 구포 열차 전복사고를 중심으로 한 연구 ANALYSIS OF RAILROAD COLLAPSED ACCIDENT OF GUPO

백광제,홍윤식 대한응급의학회 1993 대한응급의학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Disaster in an unexpected, chaotic, horrendous catastrophes and it may be either natural or human origin. Now a days, disasters are occurring at on increasing rate due to population growth and technological advancement. Medical disaster in an incident which produces such a number of causalities that makes the routine methods for patient care ar4e inadequate. The public no linger accept these consequences as "act of God" and they demand that disaster risks to be minimized and that any impact to be management in an orderly fashion. So emergency medical personnel must strive to achieve themselves to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number of potential survivors at the disaster scene. On 28 March 1993, a train carrying 600 passengers rolled over due to railroad collapse. About 170 passengers dies(25 before extrication) and 22 severe wounded survived. Problems in the organization at the scene, triage, and the communication contributed to the confusion in the management of victims. As analysis of this accident allows several lessons to be learn which might prevent or reduce the fatalities from future disaster. Although Korean community has relied on a model of disaster response deprived from the experience of military and civil defense planners for years. A better approach to organizing medical personnel for the incident with multiple causalities, which is based on the medical response of the emergency medical services organization, will be needed in the near future.

地方自治法上 住民의 權利와 義務

白允喆,李光眞 동양대학교 2000 동양대학교 논문집 Vol.6 No.1

노화가 인체 중간엽 줄기세포로부터 조골세포로의 증식 및 분화에 미치는 영향

백기현,태현정,오기원,이원영,조정기,권순용,강무일,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.3

연구배경: 일반적으로 골다공증과 연관된 위험인자로는 연령, 폐경, 약물, 불충분한 칼슘섭취, 만성질환 및 운동부족 등이 있는데, 특히 노화가 진행할수록 골밀도가 감소하는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 노화와 관련하여 진행되는 골소실은 조골세포 및 전구조골세포의 기능적 결핍에 의한 골형성의 감소가 주요한 요인으로 여겨지고 있다. 그 동안 연령이 조골모 세포의 양과 조골모 세포로부터 성숙조골세포로의 분화 및 증식에 미치는 영향에 대한 일부 보고들이 있었으나 아직 일치된 견해는 없는 형편이다. 방법: 다양한 연령의 사람으로부터 골수를 채취, 중간엽 줄기세포가 포함된 단핵세포를 분리한 후 조골세포로 분화하기 좋은 조건하에서 배양하였다. 대상군은다시 젊은군과 노령군으로 구분하여 다양한 변수를 비교 분석하였다. 일차배양에서는 CFU-F를 계수하여 골수내 중간엽 줄기세포의 수를 추산하였고, 칼슘측정을 통하여 기질의 무기화 정도를 비교하였다. 계대배양후 이차배양에서는 시기별로 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도를 측정하고 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현을 관찰하여 젊은군과 노령군 사이의 증식능 차이를 비교하였다. 또한 이차배양 시기별로 MTT 측정을 하여 양군간에 증식능 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 결과: 1. 일차배양 15일째에 평균 CFU-F의 수는 젊은군에서 유의하게 많았다(젊은군 148.3±28.9, 노령군 54.3±9.1, p=0.02). CFU-F의 평균면적은 젊은군에서 넓은 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 2. 일차배양 17일 경과 후 양군간에 기질 칼슘 침착정도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(젊은군 103.6±50.6, 노령군: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). 3. 이차배양 10일째에 젊은군에서 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도가 고령군에 비해 유의하게 높았다(젊은군: 935.5±115.0 U/mg, 노령군: 578.4±115.7U/mg,p.0.05). 고령군에서는 시간 경과에 따른 변화가 미약했으며 전반적으로 알카리성 포스파타제의 활성도가 젊은군에 비해 낮았다. 4. 이차배양도중 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현은 배양시기별로 젊은군에 비해 고령군에서 더 낮은 경향을 관찰할 수 있었다. 5. 이차배양 10일과 15일에 젊은군에서 노령군보다세포증식이 유의하게 증가된 양상을 보였다(10앓 젊은군 0.73±0.05, 노령군 0.58±0.04, p=0.05, 15일; 젊은군 0.80±0.05, 노령군 0.70±0.03, p=0.05).결론: 이상의 연구에서 저자들은 노령군에서 젊은군보다 골수 내 중간엽줄기세포의 수가 적고, 노령군에서 유래한 전구조골세포의 성숙조골세포로의 증식 및 분화가 젊은군 보다 감소해 있는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. Background: Osteoblasts originate from osteoprogenitor cells in bone marrow stroma, termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or bone marrow stromal cells. Each MSC forms colonies (colony forming units-fibroblasts [CFL-Fs]) when cultured ex vivo. There are some reports about the age-related changes of the number and osteogenic potential of osteoprogenitor cells, but any relationship has not been clearly established in humans. In this study, we counted MSCs using CFU-Fs count and examined the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells. Finally, we analyzed how these parameters varied with donor age. Methods: Bone marrow was obtained from the iliac crest of young (n=6, 27.2±8.6 years old) and old (n= 10, 57.4k6.7 years old) healthy donors. Mononuclear cells, including MSCs, were isolated and cultured in osteogenic medium. In primary culture, we compared the colony-forming efficiency of MSCs between the two groups and determined the matrix calcification. When primary culture showed near confluence, the cells were subcultured. Alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin expression by RT-PCR and proliferative potential by MTT assay were examined by the time course of secondary culture. Results: At the 15th day of primary culture, the mean number of CFU-Fs was significantly higher in the younger donors (young: 148.3±28.9, old: 54.3±9.1, p=0.02) and the mean size of CFL-Fs was also larger in the younger donors than the older donors. However, matrix calcification was not different between the two groups (young: 103.6±50.6, old: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). In secondary culture, alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly lower in the older donors. The younger donors showed peak alkaline phosphatase activity at day 10, while the older donors didn't showed a remarkable peak (young: 935.5±115.OU/mg, old: 578.4±115.7U/mg, p<0.05). Total cell number as a proliferative index increased progressively during the secondary culture and a significantly greater cell number was noted in the younger donors. Osteocalcin expression was generally upregulated in the younger donors, but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study shows that the number of osteoprogenitor cells is decreased during aging and that the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells seem to be reduced during aging (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:296-305, 2003).

여대생 선수와 비선수의 신체조성 및 호흡순환기능에 관한 연구

백영호,황영성,이광무 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1993 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a study on body composition and cardiorespiratory function in female university athlete and non-athlete. The subjects were included 2 groups(each group n=8): athlete group, non-athlete group. Body weight, skinfold thickness, body fat%, breath frequency, ventilation, and oxygen uptake were measured for the value of measurement. The conclusion of this study was as follows: 1. Body composition 1) No significant difference on body weight was found between athlete group and non-athlete group. 2) Athlete group marked significantly low triceps and suprailiac skinfold, % fat and fat mass values when comparing with non-athlete group(p<0.05). 3) Athlete group marked significantly high lean body mass values when comparing with non-athlete group(p<0.05) 2. Cardiorespiratory Function 1) Athlete group marked significantly how heart rate at rest when comparing with non-athlete group(p<0.05). 2) No significant difference on heart rate at recovery, breath frequency and ventilation was found between athlete group and non-athlete group. However athlete group marked significantly high oxygen uptake(ml/kg/min) when comparing with non-athlete group(p<0.01). 3) Athlete group significantly marked low heart rate and breath rate at recovery when comparing with non-athlete group(p<0.05), but no significant difference was found between athlete group and non-athlete group on ventilation, oxygen uptake at recovery.