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Sung-Kyu Kwon,Doo-Hyung Cho,Jong-Il Won,Hyun-Gyu Jang,Dong-Yun Jung,Joo-Sung Lee,Chang-Sub Kwak,Kun-Sik Park 대한전자공학회 2020 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.20 No.6
In this paper, an N-MCT with a low threshold voltage of off-FET has been investigated by simulation and experiment. We have demonstrated the MCT with self-aligned spacer formation and recess process, which results in uniform off-FET channel length. And boron is implanted to adjust the threshold voltage of off-FETs. The threshold voltage of non-doped and proposed MCT was -1.2 V and 0.6 V, respectively. The forward blocking voltage of both MCTs was similar to 1800 V and the turn-on voltage of MCTs was 0.2 V and 0.75 V, respectively. The non-doped and proposed MCTs exhibit the same di/dt around 35.7 kA/㎲ and peak current of 2.69 kA. That is pointed out that this proposed MCT structure is promising because the current driving capability is improved without degradation of on-state characteristics.
A Genome-Wide Association Study of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Women
Kwak, Soo Heon,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Cho, Young Min,Go, Min Jin,Cho, Yoon Shin,Choi, Sung Hee,Moon, Min Kyong,Jung, Hye Seung,Shin, Hyoung Doo,Kang, Hyun Min,Cho, Nam H.,Lee, In Kyu,Kim, Seong Yeon,Han, Bok- American Diabetes Association 2012 Diabetes Vol.61 No.2
<P><B/></P><P>Knowledge regarding the genetic risk loci for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is still limited. In this study, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association analysis in Korean women. In the stage 1 genome scan, 468 women with GDM and 1,242 nondiabetic control women were compared using 2.19 million genotyped or imputed markers. We selected 11 loci for further genotyping in stage 2 samples of 931 case and 783 control subjects. The joint effect of stage 1 plus stage 2 studies was analyzed by meta-analysis. We also investigated the effect of known type 2 diabetes variants in GDM. Two loci known to be associated with type 2 diabetes had a genome-wide significant association with GDM in the joint analysis. rs7754840, a variant in <I>CDKAL1</I>, had the strongest association with GDM (odds ratio 1.518; <I>P</I> = 6.65 × 10<SUP>−16</SUP>). A variant near <I>MTNR1B</I>, rs10830962, was also significantly associated with the risk of GDM (1.454; <I>P</I> = 2.49 × 10<SUP>−13</SUP>). We found that there is an excess of association between known type 2 diabetes variants and GDM above what is expected under the null hypothesis. In conclusion, we have confirmed that genetic variants in <I>CDKAL1</I> and near <I>MTNR1B</I> are strongly associated with GDM in Korean women. There seems to be a shared genetic basis between GDM and type 2 diabetes.</P>
Association of variations in TPH1 and HTR2B with gestational weight gain and measures of obesity.
Kwak, Soo Heon,Park, Byoung Lae,Kim, Hail,German, Michael S,Go, Min Jin,Jung, Hye Seung,Koo, Bo Kyong,Cho, Young Min,Choi, Sung Hee,Cho, Yoon Shin,Shin, Hyoung Doo,Jang, Hak C,Park, Kyong Soo NAASO, the Obesity Society 2012 Obesity Vol.20 No.1
<P>Serotonin is involved in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. Recently, it has been reported that 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (Htr2b) and tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1) play major role in β-cell proliferation in mouse during pregnancy. We investigated the genetic association of HTR2B and TPH1 with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and measures of obesity, in 869 Korean GDM women and carefully selected 632 nondiabetic control subjects. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HTR2B and ten SNPs in TPH1 were selected for genotyping according to their tagging status. Genetic variants in HTR2B and TPH1 were not associated with the risk of GDM. In GDM women, SNPs of TPH1 were significantly associated with weight gain during pregnancy. In nondiabetic controls, SNPs of TPH1 were associated with waist circumference and BMI. We also found that a variant of TPH1 (rs623580) was associated with BMI in a genome-wide association study comprised of 8,842 subjects. Although genetic variants in HTR2B and TPH1 were not associated with risk of GDM, we found significant association of these variants with measures of obesity. However, further replication studies in a different population are required to confirm our findings.</P>
The Effect of Texting Using a Smart Phone While Driving on Drivers
( Sang Hyeok Seo ),( Seung Hyun Kwak ),( Hyung Sik Kim ),( Soon Cheol Chung ),( Doo Hwan Ji ),( Jin Kyu Kang ),( Byung Chan Min ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-
This study was aimed to find out whether there was some difference comparing front-observing rate, lane separation distance, brake reaction speed and heart rate between a smart phone and a button type of general phone while driving in a driving environment using a driving simulator. The subjects were composed of 10 males in their twenties, the road situation of three-lane road was copied as a driving environment, and the subjects were instructed to keep 50m lane distance from the car ahead, driving with a constant speed of 70km/h. In this driving condition, the subjects were instructed to send the contents of given text message with a smart phone and a general phone respectively. As a result of test, in front-observing rate, it decreased with a significant difference (p<0.001) when sending a text message with a smart phone, compared with both when not sending it and when sending it with a button type of general phone. Also, in lane separation distance and heart rate, they increased with significant difference (p<0.05) when sending a text message, compared with when not sending it, however, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) according to the method of sending a text message. In brake reaction rate, it increased with a significant difference (p>0.05) when sending a text message with a smart phone compared with when not sending a text message.
Doo-Hwan Kim,Jong-Hyun Heo,Dong-Joo Kwak,Youl-Moon Sung 대한전기학회 2010 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.5 No.1
A new type of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) based on a porous type Ti electrode without using a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer is fabricated for low-cost high-efficient solar cell application. The TCO-free DSC is composed of a glass substrate/dye-sensitized TiO₂ nanoparticle/porous Ti layer/electrolyte/Pt sputtered counter electrode. The porous Ti electrode (∼350 ㎚ thickness) with high conductivity can collect electrons from the TiO₂ layer and allows the ionic diffusion of I?/I₃?through the hole. The vacuum annealing treatment is important with respect to the interfacial necking between the metal Ti and porous TiO₂ layer. The efficiency of the prepared TCO-free DSC sample is about 3.5% (ff: 0.48, Voc: 0.64V, Jsc: 11.14 ㎃/㎠).
The Effect of Texting Using a Smart Phone While Driving on Drivers
Sang-Hyeok Seo,Seung-Hyun Kwak,Hyung-Sik Kim,Soon-Cheol Chung,Doo-Hwan Ji,Jin-Kyu Kang,Byung-Chan Min 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5
This study was aimed to find out whether there was some difference comparing lane separation distance, brake reaction speed between a smart phone and a button type of general phone while driving in a driving environment using a driving simulator. The subjects were composed of 10 males in their twenties, the road situation of three-lane road was copied as a driving environment, and the subjects were instructed to keep 50m lane distance from the car ahead, driving with a constant speed of 70km/h. In this driving condition, the subjects were instructed to send the contents of given text message with a smart phone and a general phone respectively. As a result of test, in brake reaction rate, it increased with a significant difference(p>0.05) when sending a text message with a smart phone compared with when not sending a text message. The above results suggest that sending a text message can damage the driving performance capacity and especially when sending a text message with a smart phone based on a touch screen, as the visual distraction increased compared with a general phone and the brake reaction rate increased, it is considered that riskiness is high.