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Individualized Therapy to Manage Quadriplegic Spastic Cerebral Palsy with Unani Treatment Modalities
Fahmida Kousar,Arshiya Sultana,Shahzadi Sultana,Taseen Banu,Arfa Begum 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2023 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.13 No.14
Objective: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurodevelopment disorder attributed to an insult or injury to the developing brain with abnormalities in muscular tone, movement and motor skill. Improvement in quality of life and ameliorating symptoms can be achieved. Therefore, this case report details a distinctive approach to treating a 5-year-old male child with quadriplegic spastic cerebral palsy utilizing Unani treatment modalities. Methods: The treatment regimen commenced with ‘Habb Ayarij for constipation followed by Sharbat Ustukhuddus administered orally. Notably, Sharbat Ustukhuddus was combined with Melia Azedarach L. leaves vapour bath. Subsequently, Roghan Babunna douche was performed followed by Dalk Layyin and continued until symptomatic improvement was observed. Majun Falasfa, Khamira Marwareed and Khameera Gauzaban were administered for 30 days. The therapeutic outcome included anthropometrical measurements, developmental milestones, spasm/reflex scale, and muscle power grading. Results and conclusion: Over the course of a 2-year follow-up, several clinical findings emerged. These included notable improvements in anthropometric measurements, developmental milestones such as improved head control and sitting ability, and a reduction in spasticity of the upper limbs, along with decreased muscle spasms. The therapeutic outcome of this individualized and holistic approach is potentially due to the multifaceted properties of medicinal plants (Musakkin wa Muharrik wa Muqawwi-i- A‘sab wa Dimāgh, Munawwim, Dafi-i-Tashannuj, Muqawwi-i-Qalb-i-Ruh). Furthermore, the use of Dalk and Naṭūl was instrumental in providing nourishment to musculoskeletal cells and initiating intracellular signaling cascades. While these findings are encouraging, further research in the form of case series and randomized controlled trials is warranted to validate the efficacy of this unique holistic approach.
Rizwana Kousar,Syed Imran Rais,Abdul Mansoor,Khalid Zaman,Syed Tahir Hussain Shah,Shakira Ejaz 한국유통과학회 2019 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.6 No.1
The objective of the study is to examine the impact of financial development and foreign remittances on poverty and income inequality in the context of Pakistan. The study used ARDL-Bounds testing approach for robust inferences. The results show that in the short-run, remittances increases poverty and income inequality, which further translated into its long-run impact. The result confirmed the inverted Ushaped relationship between per capita income and income inequality, while the second order coefficient of per capita income substantially decline poverty incidence in a country. In the long-run, the results disappeared and it’s turned into U-shaped relationship between income inequality and country’s per capita income. Education largely decreases income inequality both in the short and long-run, however, it increases poverty in the long-run. Unemployment rate substantially damaged the pro-poor growth scenario, as high unemployment rate increases both the poverty rates and income inequality, which suffered poor more than non-poor in a country. Financial development has a positive impact on poverty reduction and income inequality in the short-run. The impact of income inequality on poverty incidence is positive both in the short- and long-run, which need pro-poor growth policies and rationale income distribution in a country.
RADIO AND RADIO ANTIPODAL LABELINGS FOR CIRCULANT GRAPHS G(4k + 2; {1, 2})
Nazeer, Saima,Kousar, Imrana,Nazeer, Waqas The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2015 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.33 No.1
A radio k-labeling f of a graph G is a function f from V (G) to $Z^+{\cup}\{0\}$ such that $d(x,y)+{\mid}f(x)-f(y){\mid}{\geq}k+1$ for every two distinct vertices x and y of G, where d(x, y) is the distance between any two vertices $x,y{\in}G$. The span of a radio k-labeling f is denoted by sp(f) and defined as max$\{{\mid}f(x)-f(y){\mid}:x,y{\in}V(G)\}$. The radio k-labeling is a radio labeling when k = diam(G). In other words, a radio labeling is an injective function $f:V(G){\rightarrow}Z^+{\cup}\{0\}$ such that $${\mid}f(x)=f(y){\mid}{\geq}diam(G)+1-d(x,y)$$ for any pair of vertices $x,y{\in}G$. The radio number of G denoted by rn(G), is the lowest span taken over all radio labelings of the graph. When k = diam(G) - 1, a radio k-labeling is called a radio antipodal labeling. An antipodal labeling for a graph G is a function $f:V(G){\rightarrow}\{0,1,2,{\ldots}\}$ such that $d(x,y)+{\mid}f(x)-f(y){\mid}{\geq}diam(G)$ holds for all $x,y{\in}G$. The radio antipodal number for G denoted by an(G), is the minimum span of an antipodal labeling admitted by G. In this paper, we investigate the exact value of the radio number and radio antipodal number for the circulant graphs G(4k + 2; {1, 2}).
Euclidean Distance-based Machine Learning Scheme to Detect Vehicle Hacking Cyber-Attacks
Saeed Ahmed,Anila Kousar,Noor Gul,Junsu Kim,Su Min Kim 한국통신학회 2022 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2
Advanced vehicles and cars carry contemporary computing, control, and communication devices and technologies that turn them into intelligent self-drive systems. However, Due to over-dependency on communications and computing technologies, smart cars may become vulnerable to intelligently-designed car hacking cyber-attacks. Machine-learning-based techniques are extensively employed to detect such attacks. This paper proposes a Euclidean distance-based machine learning technique to detect car hacking denial of service (DoS) cyber-attacks.
Radio and Radio Antipodal Labelings For Circulant Graphs
Saima Nazeer,Imrana Kousar,Waqas Nazeer 한국전산응용수학회 2015 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.33 No.1
A radio $k$-labeling $f$ of a graph $G$ is a function $f$ from $V(G)$ to $Z^{+}\cup\{0\}$ such that$d(x,y)+|f(x)-f(y)|\geq k+1$ for every two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ of $G$, where $d(x,y)$ is the distance between any two vertices $x, y\in G$. The span of a radio $k$-labeling $f$ is denoted by $sp(f)$ and defined as max$\{|f(x)-f(y)|: x,y\in V(G)\}$. The radio $k$-labeling is a radio labeling when$k=\text{diam}(G)$. In other words, a radio labeling is an injective function $f:V(G)\rightarrow Z^{+}\cup\{0\}$ such that$$|f(x)-f(y)|\geq \text{diam}(G)+1-d(x,y)$$ for any pair of vertices $x, y \in G$. The radio number of $G$denoted by rn$(G)$, is the lowest span taken over all radio labelings of the graph. When $k=\text{diam}(G)-1$, a radio $k$- labeling is called a radioantipodal labeling. An antipodal labeling for a graph $G$ is a function $f:V(G)\rightarrow\{0, 1, 2, ...\}$such that $d(x,y)+|f(x)-f(y)|\geq \text{diam}(G)$ holds for all $x,y\in G$. The radio antipodal number for $G$ denoted by an$(G)$, is the minimum span of an antipodal labeling admitted by $G$. In this paper, we investigate the exact value of the radio number and radio antipodal number for thecirculant graphs $G(4k+2;\{1,2\})$.
Traditional Unani Plant-Based Therapies for Menopausal Symptoms in Women
Arshiya Sultana,Fahmida Kousar,Shahzadi Sultana,Taseen Banu,Arfa Begum 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2023 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.13 No.14
Menopause is a physiological phase experienced by all women as part of normal aging known as menopause. Per se, menopause is not a disease, but hormonal imbalance may lead to menopausal symptoms in some women. The unani physician described that in Sinn-i-Inḥiṭāṭ/ Sinn al-Yās, Burūdat (coldness) increases lead to Ihtibās al-Tamth (amenorrhea) that can occur naturally. Besides, Khilt Dam (blood) production decreases from the liver, slight production occurs, tends towards Burūdat. Therefore, at this age, Ihtibās al-Tamth is associated with Alāmāt Sinn al-Yās (menopausal symptoms) including weight gain, loss of appetite, hirsutism, fatigue, headache, backache, arthralgia, neck pain, general myalgia, nervousness, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. The traditional Unani manuscripts are enriched with knowledge for the management of Alāmāt Sinn al-Yās. Consequently, an extensive exploration of classical texts concerning the management of Alāmāt Sinn al-Yās was undertaken. Moreover, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and other indexing databases were thoroughly explored for evidence-based approaches to managing menopausal symptoms. The principle management as per Unani texts is to treat the cause of Alāmāt Sinn al-Yās. Unani medicines with emmenagogue, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective properties are beneficial for the amelioration of Alāmāt Sinn al-Yās. Unani Herbs such as Asgandh, Aslusūs, Khārkhasak, Tagar, Shuneez, Ustukhuddus, Zafran, and M̒̒a̒̒jūn Najāh possess properties and are proven scientifically for their efficacy in Alāmāt Sinn al-Yās. Hence, the substantiation and preservation of traditional knowledge assume paramount importance in facilitating prospective research and proving invaluable in the modern era. Moreover, the conduct of randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses becomes imperative.
RADIO LABELING AND RADIO NUMBER FOR GENERALIZED CATERPILLAR GRAPHS
NAZEER, SAIMA,KHAN, M. SAQIB,KOUSAR, IMRANA,NAZEER, WAQAS The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2016 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.34 No.5
A Radio labeling of the graph G is a function g from the vertex set V (G) of G to ℤ<sup>+</sup> such that |g(u) - g(v)| ≥ diam(G) + 1 - d<sub>G</sub>(u, v), where diam(G) and d(u, v) are diameter and distance between u and v in graph G respectively. The radio number rn(G) of G is the smallest number k such that G has radio labeling with max{g(v) : v ∈ V(G)} = k. We investigate radio number for some families of generalized caterpillar graphs.